Modeling and Analysis of Transient Overvoltage of Direct Drive Wind Turbine Under Symmetrical Faults

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202411040

Abstract

Abstract:

Large-scale wind power bases typically adopt UHVAC/UHVDC transmission systems for power export, with weak grid strength in the collection area. After short-circuit faults, transient overvoltage issues are prone to occur, making it urgent to study the analytical model of transient overvoltage during short-circuit faults in wind turbine generators. Firstly, a transient voltage model after a symmetrical short-circuit fault at the remote end of the transmission line in a weak grid is established based on the typical control and voltage ride-through strategies of permanent magnet synchronous generator wind turbines. By studying the transient voltage components at the grid connection point corresponding to the voltage at the fault point, it is revealed that transient overvoltage may occur at the grid connection point after the instantaneous recovery of the fault point voltage. Secondly, a second-order simplified model suitable for transient overvoltage analysis is proposed, and clarify that the damping ratio of the simplified model is a key factor determining the peak overvoltage value. The expression of peak overvoltage is solved through time-domain analysis, and the influencing factors of transient overvoltage are quantitatively analyzed. Finally, relying on the control hardware-in-the-loop real-time simulation experimental platform, the applicability of the proposed simplified transient overvoltage model and the dominant influencing factors of transient overvoltage are verified.

Key words: wind power grid-connected system, transient over-voltage, PCC voltage analysis, grid voltage feedforward coefficient, power grid strength

LUO Hongbo, QIN Shiyao, GUO Zixuan, LI Guanghui. Modeling and Analysis of Transient Overvoltage of Direct Drive Wind Turbine Under Symmetrical Faults[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(4): 68-77, 97.

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URL: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202411040

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/Y2025/V58/I4/68

Figures/Tables 13

Fig.1 Main circuit and typical control structure of PMSG

Fig.2 Transfer function of RLC filter and power grid

Table 1 PMSG unit and main circuit parameters

参数	定义	数值
V_n/V	并网点额定相电压	563
V_dc/V	额定直流母线电压	1200
P_n/MW	机组额定功率	1.5
L_g/mH	电网电感(低压侧)	0.5
L_f/mH	滤波电感	0.2
C_f/mF	滤波电容	0.8
R_d/Ω	滤波电阻	0.3
K_pp	锁相环比例系数	0.1
K_pi	锁相环积分系数	3.5
K_ip	电流环比例系数	0.5
K_ii	电流环积分系数	80
K_ff	电网前馈系数	1
K_UI	无功补偿系数	1.5

Fig.3 Comparison of transient overvoltage analytical model and simulation model results of PMSG

Fig.4 Transient overvoltage reduction circuit

Fig.5 Effect of controller equivalent resistance on damping ratio and overvoltage peak value during voltage recovery

Fig.6 Effect of grid strength on damping ratio

Fig.7 Effect of grid strength on overvoltage transient component peak value and steady-state voltage component

Fig.8 Diagram of CHIL simulation experiment platform

Fig.9 Simulation results of CHIL model and simplified model under different $ {K_{{\text{ff}}}} $

Fig.10 Influence of grid voltage feedforward coefficient

Fig.11 Influence of current loop proportional coefficient under different $ {K_{{\text{ff}}}} $

Fig.12 Influence of grid strength

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