Virtual Inertia Flexible Control of Photovoltaic Storage VSG Based on AHFS and RBF

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202410050

Abstract

Abstract:

To address the issue of active power overshoot and the challenge of system dynamic oscillations in grid integration of traditional photovoltaic and energy storage virtual synchronous generators (VSGs), This article proposes a virtual inertia flexible control strategy for photovoltaic storage VSG based on active high-frequency feedback suppression (AHFS) and radial basis function (RBF). Firstly, a first-order filtering link is introduced to enhance the system's high-frequency suppression capability, and an active power differential term is added to the power feedback loop to modify the dynamic performance of the system. Secondly, an objective function considering both active power overshoot and rise time is constructed, and the optimal active power differential coefficient is determined via particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Finally, an adaptive control strategy for virtual inertia is designed using RBF neural network, which can flexibly adjust the virtual inertia in real-time based on the system's angular velocity and its rate of change. The coordinated control method effectively mitigates the issues of power overshoot and frequency overshooting in traditional VSGs. Simulation results show that the proposed control strategy can effectively suppress frequency deviation and active power overshoot, thereby enhancing the system's transient stability.

Key words: photovoltaic storage VSG, grid disturbance, frequency deviation, active power oscillation, RBF neural network

XIAO Xiangqi, DENG Hanjun, ZOU Sheng, XIAO Jianhong, LI Kai, MA Bin. Virtual Inertia Flexible Control of Photovoltaic Storage VSG Based on AHFS and RBF[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(9): 33-43.

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URL: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202410050

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/Y2025/V58/I9/33

Figures/Tables 16

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of photovoltaic energy storage VSG circuit

Fig.2 VSG control loop

Fig.3 Pole distribution diagram of traditional VSG

Fig.4 AHFS-VSG-based active frequency control loop

Fig.5 Pole distribution diagram of AHFS-VSG

Fig.6 Comparison of active power output ransient response for different Kp values

Fig.7 Synchronous generator power angle and angular frequency variation curves

Table 1 Selection rules for J under different dynamic processes

$\Delta \omega $	${\text{d}}\omega /{\text{d}}t$	J
＞0	＞0	增大
＞0	＜0	减小
＜0	＜0	增大
＜0	＞0	减小

Fig.8 AHFS-VSG structure based on RBF

Fig.9 RBF neural network structure

Fig.10 Flexible control flow chart of RBF-based AHFS-VSG virtual inertia

Fig.11 Semi-physical simulation experiment platform

Table 2 Simulation parameters

参数		数值
直流侧电压 V_dc/V		1000
额定有功功率 P_N/kW		100
额定角频率 ω₀/(rad·s^–1)		314
额定频率 f/Hz		50
滤波电感 L_f/mH		2
线路电感 X_g/mH		1.2
无功下垂控制系数 k_q		1000
有功下垂控制系数 k_p		1900
转动惯量 J/(kg.m²)		2
阻尼系数 D		0
开关频率 f_s/kHz		2.5

Fig.12 Comparison of output results of moment of inertia J

Fig.13 Comparison of active disturbance output results

Fig.14 Comparison of frequency disturbance output results

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