Economic Analysis of Energy Transmission for Energy Island Based on Deep-Sea Offshore Wind Farms

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202401031

Abstract

Abstract:

Deep-sea wind power has the advantages of rich resources, high utilization hours, and no occupation of land onshore, which is of great significance for promoting the realization of the "double carbon" goal. The offshore energy island with deep-sea wind power as the core can, through the integrated development model of "offshore wind power +", improve the comprehensive utilization rate of sea areas, enhance overall efficiency, and reduce development costs. Construction of the offshore energy island involves energy development technologies such as floating offshore wind power, energy comprehensive utilization technologies such as AWE, energy transmission technologies such as VSC-HVDC transmission and hydrogen pipeline transmission. This paper first introduces the overall composition of the energy island with the deep-sea wind power as the core, and then analyzes the transmission technologies applicable to large-scale energy transmission of the energy island. The cost of the energy island with 1000 MW floating offshore wind power through VSC-HVDC power transmission and the cost of hydrogen transmission through pipeline are calculated respectively, and the power transmission cost is compared with the cost of hydrogen transport. As the comparative analysis indicates, both the VSC-HVDC technology and the hydrogen pipeline transmission technology can be used as the energy transmission solutions for the offshore energy island. An innovative research is carried out on the economics of energy delivery for energy island. According to calculations, in 2023, 2030, and 2050, when the transmission distance is 100 km to 200 km, the economic performance of the VSC-HVDC solution is better than that of the hydrogen transmission solution. The cost and absorption capacity of the landing area need to be comprehensively considered before choosing the power transmission solution or the hydrogen transmission solution. It is predicted that in 2050, the comprehensive cost of different proportions of mixed power and hydrogen transmission for a distance of 100 km to 200 km offshore is between 0.18 yuan/kW·h and 0.27 yuan/kW·h, which is competitive compared with the cost of power transmission from new energy bases in the western and northern regions to the eastern region.

Key words: energy island, deep-sea wind power, VSC-HVDC, hydrogen pipeline transmission, economic analysis

Zhongqi LIU, Yao LIU, Jinming HOU. Economic Analysis of Energy Transmission for Energy Island Based on Deep-Sea Offshore Wind Farms[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(9): 94-102.

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URL: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202401031

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/Y2024/V57/I9/94

Figures/Tables 13

References 31

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设备名称	参数	造价/ 亿元
海上换流变（含升压变、阀体、直流断路器等）	35 kV/220 kV，容量180 MV·A的4组和容量240 MV·A的2组升压变 AC/DC：220 kV/±320 kV，1000 MW	9.95
直流海缆	100 km，1600 mm²，双回±320 kV	10.30
	150 km，1600 mm²，双回±320 kV	15.45
	200 km，1600 mm²，双回±320 kV	20.60
陆上换流变（含连接变、阀体、直流断路器等）	DC/AC：±320 kV/500 kV，1000 MW	8.80

设备名称	参数	造价/ 亿元
海上换流变（含升压变、阀体、直流断路器等）	35 kV/220 kV，容量180 MV·A的4组和容量240 MV·A的2组升压变 AC/DC：220 kV/±320 kV，1000 MW	9.95
直流海缆	100 km，1600 mm²，双回±320 kV	10.30
	150 km，1600 mm²，双回±320 kV	15.45
	200 km，1600 mm²，双回±320 kV	20.60
陆上换流变（含连接变、阀体、直流断路器等）	DC/AC：±320 kV/500 kV，1000 MW	8.80

传输距离/km	年送电量/(亿kW·h)
传输距离/km	2023年	2030年	2050年
100	38.808	38.808	43.659
150	38.674	38.674	43.508
200	38.540	38.540	43.358

传输距离/km	年送电量/(亿kW·h)
传输距离/km	2023年	2030年	2050年
100	38.808	38.808	43.659
150	38.674	38.674	43.508
200	38.540	38.540	43.358

项目	2023年	2030年	2050年
100 km输电成本	0.075	0.056	0.033
100 km到岸度电成本	0.715	0.336	0.173
150 km输电成本	0.089	0.067	0.040
150 km到岸度电成本	0.729	0.347	0.180
200 km输电成本	0.103	0.078	0.046
200 km到岸度电成本	0.743	0.358	0.186