基于动态孤岛的主动配电网多阶段故障恢复策略

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202311012

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

极端天气频发对配电网的弹性提出了更高要求，传统配电网故障恢复策略无法完全发挥主动配电网的潜能。为此，提出一种基于动态孤岛的主动配电网多阶段故障恢复策略。首先，分析了基于动态孤岛的配电网重构可行域，并考虑非黑启动机组（non-black start units，NBSU）等分布式电源的时序特征，从而建立上层负荷恢复模型，确定了多阶段的网络拓扑计划；其次，建立下层发电规划模型，给出相应的发电规划，在孤岛潮流层面对上层负荷恢复方案的可行性进行检验；然后，利用改进离散粒子群算法结合CPLEX求解器对所建立模型进行求解；最后，以改进43节点城市配电网为例，验证所提方法在弹性提升方面的有效性和优越性。

关键词: 动态孤岛, 主动配电网, 弹性, 网络拓扑, 非黑启动机组

Abstract:

Frequent occurrences of extreme weather impose higher demands on the resilience of distribution networks, and traditional fault recovery strategies are inadequate to fully unleash the potential of active distribution networks. Therefore, a multi-stage fault recovery strategy for active distribution networks based on dynamic islanding is proposed. Firstly, an analysis is made on the feasibility region of distribution network reconstruction based on dynamic islanding, and with consideration of the temporal characteristics of distributed generations such as non-black start units (NBSU), an upper-level load restoration model is established to determine the multi-stage network topology plan. Subsequently, the lower-level model is established to provide the generation plans, which is used to examine the feasibility of the multi-stage network topology plan at the islanded flow level. And then, the established models are solved using the improved discrete particle swarm combined algorithm with the CPLEX solver. Finally, a 43-node urban distribution network is used for simulation to verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method in improving resilience.

Key words: dynamic islanding, active distribution networks, resilience, network topology, non-black start units

龚逊东, 郭维嘉, 杨晨, 周力, 董晓峰, 朱俊澎. 基于动态孤岛的主动配电网多阶段故障恢复策略[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(1): 158-166.

Xundong GONG, Weijia GUO, Chen YANG, Li ZHOU, Xiaofeng DONG, Junpeng ZHU. Multi-stage Fault Recovery Strategy for Active Distribution Networks Based on Dynamic Islanding[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(1): 158-166.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202311012

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I1/158

图/表 17

图 1 配电网多阶段故障恢复策略框架

Fig.1 Structure of the distribution network multi-stage fault recovery model

图 2 模型求解流程

Fig.2 Process of model solution

图 3 算法流程

Fig.3 Flow chart of the algorithm

图 4 配电网结构

Fig.4 Structure of distribution network

表 1 各节点负荷权重系数

Table 1 Weight factor of load

节点	负荷类型	负荷权重系数
10、25、27、30、32	工业	500
6、14、24、26、35	商业	100
39、43	商业	100
1~5、7~9、11~13、15~23	居民	1
28~29、31、33~34、36~38	居民	1
40~42	居民	1

表 2 各电源发电成本

Table 2 The cost of generations

电源		发电成本/(元·(kW·h)^–1)
PV1		0.388
PV2		0.388
NBSU		0.391
ESS		1.100

表 3 PV装机容量

Table 3 Installed capacity of PV

电源		装机容量/kW
PV1		230
PV2		2 000

表 4 参数对比

Table 4 Comparison of parameters

项目		场景1	场景2
ESS	装机容量/kW	1 200	2 000
ESS	容量/(kW·h)	20 000	20 000
NBSU	最大上爬坡率/((kV·A)·h^–1)	2 150	21 500
	最大下爬坡率/((kV·A)·h^–1)	2 150	21 500
	启动所需功率/kW	55	550
	装机容量/kW	5 729	57 290

图 5 场景1网络拓扑计划

Fig.5 Dynamic topology of scenario 1

图 6 场景1发电规划

Fig.6 Generation planning of scenario 1

图 7 场景2网络拓扑计划

Fig.7 Dynamic topology of scenario 2

图 8 场景2发电规划

Fig.8 Generation planning of scenario 2

图 9 传统粒子群给出的场景1网络拓扑计划

Fig.9 Dynamic topology of scenario 1 from traditional model

图 10 传统粒子群给出的场景2网络拓扑计划

Fig.10 Dynamic topology of scenario 2 from traditional model

图 11 静态负荷恢复模型给出的场景1网络拓扑计划

Fig.11 Dynamic topology of scenario 1 from static model

图 12 静态负荷恢复模型给出的场景2网络拓扑计划

Fig.12 Dynamic topology of scenario 2 from static model

表 5 算法与模型性能对比

Table 5 Comparison of algorithm and model

模型	方法	场景	恢复负荷/(kW·h)
动态模型	改进粒子群	场景1	73 274.48
动态模型	传统粒子群		68 601.86
静态模型	改进粒子群		68 525.91
动态模型	改进粒子群	场景2	98 734.40
动态模型	传统粒子群		93 670.21
静态模型	改进粒子群		92 008.39

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