基于指数型下垂控制的氢电混合储能微网协调控制策略研究

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202209002

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 随着多能源混合储能技术的快速发展，氢电混合储能系统将成为解决可再生能源并网发电间歇性、波动性问题的重要途径。运用热力学原理推导了质子交换膜（proton exchange membrane，PEM）电解制氢的输出电压，建立了符合制氢电压输出特性的电化学模型；然后，分析了氢电混合储能微网的典型架构，提出了考虑蓄电池荷电状态（state of charge，SOC）的指数型下垂控制策略，在维持微网母线电压稳定的同时，解决了蓄电池并联充放电的SOC均衡问题；最后，结合光伏和电解制氢单元的适应性控制方法，根据蓄电池充放电状态将微网划分为4种工作模式，并进行了仿真分析。结果表明考虑蓄电池SOC的指数型下垂控制策略能够控制微网实现工作模式之间平滑过渡，当光伏发电供能产生变化时，可进行适应性功率分配，有效提升了系统经济性与能源利用效率。

关键词: 储能系统, 指数型下垂控制, 协调控制, 氢电耦合

Abstract: With the rapid development of multi-energy hybrid energy storage technology, hydrogen-electric hybrid energy storage system will become increasingly important to solve the intermittency and volatility problems of grid-connected renewable energy generation. In this paper, the theoretical open-circuit voltage of PEM electrolysis hydrogen production is derived by applying the principle of thermodynamics, and the expected actual voltage is obtained through the integration of different overpotentials as the function of current. An electrochemical model conforming to the output characteristics of hydrogen production voltage is established. Then, based on the analysis of the typical architecture of hydrogen-electric hybrid energy storage microgrid, the exponential-function-based sagging control strategy considering battery SOC is proposed, such that the SOC balance problem during battery parallel charging and discharging can be resolved while maintaining the bus voltage stability of microgrid. Finally, in combination with the adaptive control methods of photovoltaic and electrolytic hydrogen production units, the operation of microgrid is distinguished into four working modes according to the charging and discharging state of the battery, and the related simulation analysis is carried out. The results show that the exponential-function-based sagging control strategy considering the battery SOC can make the microgrid achieve smooth transition between working modes. Particularly adaptive power distribution can be implemented when the photovoltaic power supply fluctuates. Therefore both the system economy and energy utilization efficiency are effectively improved.

Key words: energy storage, exponential droop control, coordination control, hydrogen electric coupling

王激华, 叶夏明, 秦如意, 应芳义, 俞佳捷. 基于指数型下垂控制的氢电混合储能微网协调控制策略研究[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56(7): 43-53.

WANG Jihua, YE Xiaming, QIN Ruyi, YING Fangyi, YU Jiajie. Research on Coordinated Control Strategy of Hydrogen-Electric Hybrid Energy Storage Microgrid Based on Exponential-Function-Based Droop Control[J]. Electric Power, 2023, 56(7): 43-53.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202209002

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V56/I7/43

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