考虑碳流需求响应的电力系统低碳运行策略

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202304043

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对传统低碳调度方法中未充分挖掘用户侧碳减排潜力的问题，提出一种考虑碳流需求响应的电力系统低碳运行策略，以调整用户用电行为从而降低系统整体的碳排放量。首先，基于碳排流理论与负荷侧碳排放责任分摊方法，建立一种以碳势为信号的用户侧需求侧响应方法。其次，将碳排放成本纳入电力系统经济成本中，以电力系统总经济成本最小为目标，建立考虑碳流需求响应的电力系统低碳优化运行模型。最后，以IEEE 30节点系统进行仿真，验证了本文所提方法的有效性。

关键词: 低碳电力, 碳排放流, 节点碳势, 需求响应, 优化运行

Abstract:

To address the problem that the traditional low-carbon dispatching methods for power system do not consider the carbon emission reduction potential of users, a low-carbon operation strategy of power system considering carbon flow demand response is proposed to adjust users' electricity consumption behavior and reduce the overall carbon emissions of power system. Firstly, based on the carbon emission flow theory and load-side carbon emission obligation allocation method, a user-side demand response method is established with carbon potential as signal. Secondly, the carbon emission cost is included in the economic cost of power system. Aiming at minimizing the total economic cost of the power system, a low-carbon optimal operation model of power system is established considering the carbon flow demand response. Finally, an IEEE 30 node system is simulated to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.

Key words: low-carbon electricity, carbon emission flow, nodal carbon potential, demand response, optimal operation

中图分类号:

TM73

孙志媛, 孙艳, 刘默斯, 宋益. 考虑碳流需求响应的电力系统低碳运行策略[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56(11): 95-103.

Zhiyuan SUN, Yan SUN, Mosi LIU, Yi SONG. Low-Carbon Operation Strategy of Power System Considering Carbon Flow Demand Response[J]. Electric Power, 2023, 56(11): 95-103.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202304043

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V56/I11/95

图/表 10

图 1 基于碳排放流的需求响应策略示意

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of demand response strategy based on carbon emission flow

图 2 基于碳流需求响应的电力系统低碳运行策略求解流程

Fig.2 Solution flow chart of power system low-carbon operation strategy based on carbon flow demand response

图 3 参考系统示意

Fig.3 Schematic diagram of reference system

表 1 系统中发电机组的运行参数

Table 1 The operating parameters of generator sets in a power system

电源	输出功率/kW		机组碳势/ (kg·(kW·h)^–1)	机组发电成本/ (元·(kW·h)^–1)
电源	最大	最小	机组碳势/ (kg·(kW·h)^–1)	机组发电成本/ (元·(kW·h)^–1)
G1	50	2	0.475	0.42
G2	80	3	0.525	0.42
G3	40	1	0.500	0.42
WT	30	1	0	0.53
PV	20	1	0	0.86
HE	40	2	0	0.27

表 2 算例1~3 24 h负荷节点平均碳势

Table 2 The average carbon emission intensity of 24-hour load nodes in case 1~3

节点编号	节点平均碳势/(kg·(kW·h)^–1)
节点编号	算例1	算例2	算例3
3	0.429	0.431	0.412
4	0.361	0.385	0.346
5	0.496	0.496	0.491
6	0.394	0.414	0.380
7	0.424	0.442	0.410
8	0.394	0.414	0.380
9	0.364	0.391	0.350
10	0.316	0.343	0.304
11	0.364	0.391	0.350
12	0.017	0.019	0.017
14	0.017	0.019	0.017
15	0.017	0.019	0.017
16	0.017	0.019	0.017
17	0.040	0.044	0.039
18	0.017	0.019	0.017
19	0.111	0.121	0.107
20	0.280	0.304	0.268
21	0.395	0.403	0.397
24	0.229	0.259	0.238
25	0.244	0.276	0.254
26	0.244	0.276	0.254
28	0.394	0.414	0.380
29	0.320	0.345	0.308
30	0.320	0.345	0.308

表 3 算例1~3碳排放相关指标

Table 3 Average carbon emission intensity of 24-hour load nodes in case 1~3

算例	节点碳势均值/ (kg·(kW·h)^–1)	负荷碳流率均值/(kg·h^–1)
1	0.259	1.82
2	0.275	1.84
3	0.253	1.52

表 4 算例1~3成本对比

Table 4 Cost comparison of case 1~3

算例	成本/元
算例	发电	碳排放	总计
1	1290.2	95.4	1385.6
2	1533.7	90.0	1623.7
3	1290.2	89.1	1380.1

图 4 算例 1~3负荷曲线

Fig.4 Load curves of case 1~3

图 5 节点10碳势曲线和负荷曲线

Fig.5 Carbon potential curve and load curves of node 10

图 6 节点14碳势曲线和负荷曲线

Fig.6 Carbon potential curve and load curves of node 14

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