基于交叉支路增强VSG控制的谐波抑制策略

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202505013

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

大量新能源发电设备接入后，多节点配电台区面临电流电能质量差的实际问题。同时虚拟同步发电机（virtual synchronous generator，VSG）主导的构网型变流器部署却忽略了电流电能质量问题。因此，为在保持VSG特性的同时增加电流谐波抑制能力，提出了一种增强型VSG控制策略。首先，分析多VSG联合运行时交流电网与VSG电角度和电压的交互机理；其次，提出引入交叉反馈支路的VSG控制方法，通过频率-无功功率支路和电压-有功功率支路实现波动补偿，且不影响系统惯性特性；最后，搭建了IEEE-69网络模拟配电台区，并设置了6个VSG。实验结果表明：增强型VSG能够为系统提供惯性和阻尼支撑。与传统VSG相比，电流总谐波失真降低64.2%~83.8%，能够有效抑制传统VSG产生的谐波对配电网的影响。

关键词: 虚拟同步发电机, 谐波抑制, 多节点电网

Abstract:

The multi-node distribution station area after a large number of new energy power generation equipment is connected faces the practical problem of poor current and power quality. At the same time, the deployment of grid-connected converters dominated by virtual synchronous generator (VSG) ignores the problem of current and power quality. Therefore, in order to maintain the VSG characteristics and increase the current harmonic suppression ability, this paper proposes an enhanced VSG control strategy. Firstly, the interaction mechanism of electrical angle and voltage between AC grid and VSG in multi-VSG joint operation is analyzed. Secondly, the VSG control with cross feedback branch is proposed. This method proposes a frequency-reactive power branch and a voltage-active power branch to compensate for fluctuations without affecting the inertial characteristics of the system. Finally, the IEEE-69 network simulation distribution station area is built, and 6 VSGs are set up. The experimental results show that the enhanced VSG can provide inertial and damping support for the system. The quantitative results show that compared with the traditional VSG, the total harmonic distortion of the current is reduced by 64.2%~83.8%, which can effectively suppress the influence of the harmonics generated by the traditional VSG on the distribution network.

Key words: virtual synchronous generator, harmonic suppression, multi-node grid

徐涛, 李互刚, 杨龙雨. 基于交叉支路增强VSG控制的谐波抑制策略[J]. 中国电力, 2026, 59(4): 70-78.

XU Tao, LI Hugang, YANG Longyu. Harmonic suppression strategy based on cross-branch enhanced VSG control[J]. Electric Power, 2026, 59(4): 70-78.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202505013

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V59/I4/70

图/表 11

图 1 VSG系统连接交流电网的拓扑模型

Fig.1 Topology modeling of VSG systems connected to the AC grid

图 2 电压与频率的互动机理

Fig.2 Mechanism of voltage-frequency interaction

图 3 增强型VSG控制

Fig.3 Enhanced VSG Control

图 4 含VSG的IEEE-69节点网络

Fig.4 IEEE-69 node network with VSGs

表 1 各VSG对应的线路阻抗值

Table 1 Line impedance values corresponding to each VSG

VSG	电缆敷设距离/km	R_g	X_g
VSG1	1.4064	0.731328	0.172987
VSG2	1.8583	0.966316	0.228571
VSG3	0.4628	0.240656	0.056924
VSG4	1.9560	1.017120	0.240588
VSG5	0.5541	0.288132	0.068154
VSG6	1.5305	0.795860	0.188252

表 2 功率调度指令

Table 2 Power dispatch instruction 单位：kW

VSG	P_ref阶跃前	P_ref阶跃后
VSG1	6	15
VSG2	6	15
VSG3	6	15
VSG4	2	8
VSG5	2	8
VSG6	2	8

图 5 传统VSG波形

Fig.5 Traditional VSG strategy waveform

图 6 改进策略波形

Fig.6 Improved strategy waveform

图 7 有功功率纹波比对比

Fig.7 Active power ripple ratio comparison

图 8 构网电压波形

Fig.8 Grid-forming voltage waveform

图 9 逆变器输出电流的总谐波失真

Fig.9 Total harmonic distortion of inverter output current

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