基于交叉熵的海上风电经柔性低频送出系统海缆纵联保护

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202306023

中国电力 ›› 2023, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (11): 38-48.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202306023

• 海上风电送出与并网技术 • 上一篇下一篇

基于交叉熵的海上风电经柔性低频送出系统海缆纵联保护

何维轩¹(), 樊征臻²(), 霍姚彤³, 梁营玉¹()

1. 中国矿业大学（北京）机电与信息工程学院，北京　100083
2. 佳讯飞鸿（北京）智能科技研究院有限公司，北京　100083
3. 国网长春供电公司，吉林长春　130021

收稿日期:2023-06-07 接受日期:2023-10-16 出版日期:2023-11-28 发布日期:2023-11-28
作者简介:何维轩（1996—），男，硕士研究生，从事电力电子化电力系统继电保护技术研究，E-mail： weixuanhe@126.com
樊征臻（1983—），男，硕士，高级工程师，从事电力电子变流器控制研究，E-mail： my_code@163.com
梁营玉（1989—），男，副教授，从事新型电力系统控制与保护技术研究，E-mail： liangyingyu2013@163.com
基金资助:
中央高校基本科研业务费重点领域交叉创新项目（2022JCCXJD01）。

Pilot Protection Scheme of Submarine Cable in Flexible Low-Frequency Transmission System Based on Cross Entropy Algorithm

Weixuan HE¹(), Zhengzhen FAN²(), Yaotong HUO³, Yingyu LIANG¹()

1. School of Mechanical Electronic and Information Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
2. Jiaxun Feihong Intelligent Technology Institute, Beijing 100083, China
3. State Grid Changchun Power Supply Company, Changchun 130021, China

Received:2023-06-07 Accepted:2023-10-16 Online:2023-11-28 Published:2023-11-28
Supported by:
This work is supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No.2022JCCXJD01).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

柔性低频输电系统交流海缆线路两侧为电力电子换流器，故障电流特性由换流器控制策略决定，与传统同步电源存在差别，导致传统电流差动保护存在不正确动作风险。为解决此问题，基于海上风电经柔性低频输电送出系统海缆线路的故障电流特性，对传统电流差动保护进行了动作性能分析，揭示了动作性能下降的原因，提出了一种基于交叉熵算法的新型纵联保护方案。该方案先对一侧电流采样值进行虚拟负电容补偿和相反数处理，再计算其与另一侧电流的交叉熵，根据交叉熵的变化判断区外和区内故障。硬件在环实验结果表明：该方案能在海缆发生各种类型故障时正确动作，抗高过渡电阻的能力强，同时对TA测量误差具备良好的耐受能力，可作为柔性低频输电海缆的主保护。

关键词: 柔性低频输电, 纵联保护, 虚拟负电容, 交叉熵算法

Abstract:

There are power electronic converters on both sides of the AC submarine line of flexible low-frequency transmission system, and the fault current characteristics are determined by the converter control strategy, which is different from the traditional synchronous power supply, which will lead to the risk of incorrect operation of the traditional current differential protection. Based on the fault current characteristics of offshore wind power transmission system cable line, this paper analyzes the operational performance of traditional current differential protection and reveals the reasons for the decline of operational performance. In this paper, a novel pilot protection scheme based on cross entropy algorithm is proposed. In this scheme, virtual negative capacitance compensation and negative number processing are carried out on the sampled current of one side, and then the cross entropy between the sampled current and the current of the other side is calculated. According to the change of cross entropy, external and internal faults are judged. The hardware in-loop test results show that the scheme can operate correctly when various types of faults occur in the submarine cable, and has strong resistance to high transition resistance. It can also operate correctly when there are measurement errors in TA. It can be used as a primary protection for flexible low-frequency transmission submarine.

Key words: flexible low-frequency transmission system, pilot protection, virtual negative capacitance, cross entropy algorithm

何维轩, 樊征臻, 霍姚彤, 梁营玉. 基于交叉熵的海上风电经柔性低频送出系统海缆纵联保护[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56(11): 38-48.

Weixuan HE, Zhengzhen FAN, Yaotong HUO, Yingyu LIANG. Pilot Protection Scheme of Submarine Cable in Flexible Low-Frequency Transmission System Based on Cross Entropy Algorithm[J]. Electric Power, 2023, 56(11): 38-48.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202306023

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V56/I11/38

图/表 18

图 1 海上风电经柔性低频输电送出系统拓扑

Fig.1 Topology of offshore wind power by flexible low-frequency AC transmission

图 2 M3C低频侧控制框图

Fig.2 Control diagram of M3C low-frequency side

图 3 柔性低频输电系统等效电路

Fig.3 Equivalent circuit diagram of flexible low-frequency AC transmission

图 4 系统正常运行时差动保护性能示意

Fig.4 Current differential protection performance diagram during normal operation of the system

图 5 一般故障情况时差动保护性能示意

Fig.5 Current differential protection performance diagram during general fault of the system

图 6 严重故障时差动保护性能示意

Fig.6 Current differential protection performance diagram during serious fault of the system

图 7 虚拟负电容补偿原理

Fig.7 Diagram of virtual negative capacitance compensation

图 8 虚拟负电容补偿前后电流对比

Fig.8 Comparison of current before and after virtual negative capacitance compensation

表 1 系统正常运行时海缆两侧电流概率化结果

Table 1 Probabilistic results of current on two sides of submarine cable during normal operation of the system

区间	1	2	3	4	5
p_i(I_M)	0.342	0.147	0.123	0.085	0.048
q_i(I_N)	0.342	0.147	0.125	0.085	0.048

区间	6	7	8	9	10
p_i(I_M)	0.047	0.046	0.047	0.042	0.063
q_i(I_N)	0.047	0.046	0.047	0.047	0.063

图 9 不同过渡电阻下A相接地故障电流和交叉熵波形

Fig.9 Fault current and cross entropy waveforms at A-phase-to-ground fault under different transition resistance

图 10 正常运行时电流和交叉熵波形

Fig.10 Current and cross entropy waveforms under normal condition

图 11 母线M处发生三相故障时电流和交叉熵波形

Fig.11 Current and cross entropy waveforms under three-phase fault of busbar M

图 12 F2处发生严重故障时电流和交叉熵波形

Fig.12 Current and cross entropy waveforms under serious fault at F2

图 13 F3处发生严重故障时电流和交叉熵波形

Fig.13 Current and cross entropy waveforms under serious fault at F3

图 14 F2处发生轻微故障时电流和交叉熵波形

Fig.14 Current and cross entropy waveforms under slight fault at F2

图 15 F3处发生轻微故障时电流和交叉熵波形

Fig.15 Current and cross entropy waveforms under slight fault at F3

图 16 TA存在不同测量误差发生区外故障时电流和交叉熵波形

Fig.16 External fault current and cross entropy waveforms when different measurement errors exist in TA

图 17 TA存在不同测量误差时发生区内故障时电流和交叉熵波形

Fig.17 Internal fault current and cross entropy waveforms when different measurement errors exist in TA

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基于交叉熵的海上风电经柔性低频送出系统海缆纵联保护

Pilot Protection Scheme of Submarine Cable in Flexible Low-Frequency Transmission System Based on Cross Entropy Algorithm

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基于交叉熵的海上风电经柔性低频送出系统海缆纵联保护

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