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Table of Content

    05 August 2018, Volume 51 Issue 8
    Analysis and Prospect of Power Supply Reliability in China in 2017
    WANG Peng, CHEN Dan, ZHOU Xia
    2018, 51(8):  1-7,138.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201806153
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    By depth mining, the data index of power supply reliability is analyzed, the hidden common problems and important information are found out from the large-scale reliability data, the weak links of the planning of distribution network and transportation inspection are found, and the effective measures are put forward to promote the improvement and promotion of the reliability management of the power enterprises. Measures to improve professional management are of great significance for improving the reliability of distribution network power supply. This paper summarizes and analyzes the national reliability data indicators of 2017. From the perspectives of users' blackout frequency, power outage time, power outage range and blackout causes, the overall level of national power supply reliability and the trend of change are analyzed. What's more, the current problems and challenges in reliability management are summarized, and the future development is prospected.
    Research on Identification of Concept and Characteristics of Energy Internet
    GAO Feng, ZENG Rong, QU Lu, ZHANG Jing
    2018, 51(8):  10-16.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201806095
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    The Energy Internet has attracted wide attentions, while the understanding and perception of its concept and characteristics are varied at present. To explore the connotations of the Energy Internet and effectively support its substantial advancement, this paper analyzes the development process of the Energy Internet, which can be roughly divided into three stages, including conceptual inoculation and proposing stage, system structure and function research stage, and substantial promotion stage. In addition, the basic connotation of the Energy Internet is analyzed from three perspectives from which the Energy Internet comes, including the ideas of Internet, big power grid, and multiple energy utilizations. Then the definition of Energy Internet is given, i.e., the Energy Internet is a new type of ecological energy system that profoundly fuses the idea and technology of Internet, and the production, transmission, storage and consumption of energy, as well as the energy market. Finally, the characteristics of the Energy Internet are identified from both architecture and category perspectives. From the architecture point of view, the Energy Internet has a four-tier structure:physical foundation, means of realization, value realization and institutional guarantee. From the category perspective, the Energy Internet has two types:energy infrastructure with Internet form, and energy service with Internet form.
    Basic Characteristics of China's Energy Internet Development
    LU Gang
    2018, 51(8):  17-23.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201807095
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    The research and practice of energy internet has been rapidly advanced, and new ideas and technologies have begun to emerge, showing an open and integrated trend. Accurately understanding the development direction and characteristics of energy internet is particularly important for predicting the future form of energy industry and scientifically promoting energy transformation. Based on the comparison of different paths of medium- and long-term energy transformation, this paper focuses on the "Energy Plus" to determine the position of energy in the future high-quality economic development. It also proposes the development concepts of comprehensive energy internet after an analysis of the energy internet framework and operation mechanism, as well as the transboundary integration characteristics. And then, the paper explores the key factors affecting the industrial head structure, namely the interconnection and intercommunication ability, the planning and design ability of integrated energy system, the construction ability of industrial innovation ecosystem, and etc. This more inclusive and more open development idea of energy internet is conducive to advancing the energy transformation to break through the innovation bottleneck of new kinetic energy, new models and new formats.
    Energy Internet Technological Architecture and Case Analysis
    ZHANG Jing, GAO Feng, XU Shuangqing, ZHANG Xuan, ZHANG Lijun, SUN Yikai
    2018, 51(8):  24-30.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201806128
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    With the fast development of Energy Internet, its definition connotation is constantly enriched and its technological architecture is constantly improved as well. The first batch of the National Energy Internet Demonstrative Projects are large in number and have their different characters. It needs an integrated tool to analyze these projects. The technological architecture has natural advantage to be used as the analytical tool, but needs to be selected from many options. Based on a review of the Energy Internet development, the "3-row and 1-column" is used as the basic mode, and the technological architecture after perfection of the energy supply is used as tool to analyze the nine types of demonstration projects. The result shows that the tool is effective and applicable.
    Research on the Functional Architecture of the Energy Internet
    BAI Cuifen, HAN Xinyang, YANG Fang, DAI Xianzhong, ZHANG Chen
    2018, 51(8):  31-37.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201804098
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    To enrich and develop the theoretical system of the Energy Internet (EI), a four-layer functional architecture of the EI is established in this paper, including a value layer, a business layer, an information layer and an energy layer. The components of each level are analyzed from the operational and functional dimensions, which forms the basic functional architecture of the EI. Then, a scenario analysis is performed on the functional architecture of the EI, with the four-dimensional coordinates of value domain-business domain-information domain-energy domain as the framework and value source-value form- value carrier-value realization as the main line. The functional architecture of the EI is analyzed in detail under four scenarios:transcontinent, nation, city and local.
    Study on the Evaluation Framework of the Energy Internet
    MA Junhua, LU Yiming, YUAN Wenguang, WANG Lei, HUANG Wenrui, YAN Xing
    2018, 51(8):  38-42.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201805204
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    The Energy Internet is one of the most promising development directions of future energy systems, and it is also an important means to reform the energy structure and to improve energy utilization efficiency. Based on the existing energy related technology and evaluation standards, this paper could be treated as one beneficial attempt to promote the application and development of the energy internet. This work began with the construction of an eight-dimension evaluation index system, including energy quality, safety and reliability, economy, sociality, energy structure optimization, interactive friendly, organizational management and business model, and opening rationality. A comprehensive evaluation method for the energy internet is proposed, which could facilitate its construction and operation in China.
    Research on the Development of Energy Internet from the Perspective of Internet
    CHEN Xin, JIANG Yizhe, WANG Xue, LU Gang
    2018, 51(8):  43-48.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201805171
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    Under the idea of sustainable development, Energy Internet, as an important way to realize energy transformation, is regarded as the form of the future energy system. Therefore, it is highly valued by the government, enterprises and scholars. This paper reviews the development process of Energy Internet from the perspective of Internet, summarizes the characteristics of various schools, and puts forward a comprehensive definition. Based on the seven characteristics of the Energy Internet, it is proved that the Energy Internet is highly similar to the Internet, and they are expected to become the basic driving forces for social progress. By demonstrating that electricity is the core of Energy Internet and the power grid is its basic platform, the basic path of building Energy Internet is proposed.
    Research on Tendency and Positioning of Power Grid Development in the New Round Energy Revolution
    TAN Xue, LIU Jun, ZHENG Kuan, YAN Xiaoqing, SHI Lei
    2018, 51(8):  49-55.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201805061
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    The function of the power grid in the new round energy revolution will be significantly extended on the basis of the traditional power grid. Based on a deep understanding on the core of the new round energy revolution, a beneficial exploration on the future multi-energy supply system is conducted in this paper with the help of power system optimization planning model. We did a comprehensive analysis combining technical, economic, institutional and environmental factors. The SWOT-AHP technology is adopted to analyze the inner and outer environment of grid development and to facilitate the grid function enhancement. Numerical results suggest that the future power grid will develop towards larger capacity, safer and more intelligent ones, and the integration of multiple energy would also be a main feature.
    Research on the Key Technologies of AC/DC Hybrid Distribution Networks Based on Energy Internet
    LI Jingru, HAN Feng, JIANG Shigong, LI Hongjun
    2018, 51(8):  56-63.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201805141
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    The AC/DC hybrid distribution network, characterized by high reliability in power supply, high grade in energy quality, high efficiency in operation and control, and convenient access for distributed generations and multiple loads, has become the physical basis for Energy Internet, which takes the electricity as its core. Based on an introduction of the main application of AC/DC hybrid distribution networks in Energy Internet, the paper analyzes the typical application scenarios and main technical features of DC distribution technologies. Considering the research status of AC/DC hybrid distribution networks and the development requirement of energy internet, the paper also proposes the technical demands and research focus of the key technologies of AC/DC hybrid distribution networks, from the aspects of planning and design, key equipment, protection strategies, and operation and control strategies. The research achievements are significant for establishing the technical framework of AC/DC hybrid distribution networks.
    Analysis of Multi-Region Coordinated Peak-Shaving and Peak-Valley Mutual Operation Mode under the Energy Internet
    XU Zhicheng, ZHANG Fuqiang, CHEN Shizhe, XIE Dongliang, JIAO Bingqi
    2018, 51(8):  64-69.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201805150
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    It is a preferred method to realize multi-region coordinated peak-shaving operation by using the space-time complementarity characteristics of different regional loads and renewable energy generations. The research on peak shaving method of renewable energy in different regions can provide an important decision support for power network planning and operation mode design. In this paper, on the basis of an analysis of the source-load characteristics of multiple regions, the deterministic analysis method and the uncertainty risk assessment method are used to obtain the typical peak-valley mutual operation mode based on the peak-shaving evaluation indicator system. A comparative analysis is also carried out of the economic benefits of cross-region interconnection peak-shaving under different schemes, and the typical operation mode and economic evaluation results of multi-region coordinated peak-shaving operation are given.
    Day-Ahead Optimal Scheduling of Integrated Energy System Considering Suppression of Tie Line Peak-Valley Difference and Photovoltaic Accommodation
    LIU Chang, LI Hao, SUN Longbiao, LI Jiaxin, ZHANG Xiaohui, WU Bangxu, TANG Wei, WEI Yaran
    2018, 51(8):  70-76.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201806094
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    Connection of numerous photovoltaic generations in the integrated energy station has led to a big peak-valley difference in the public power grid, which has adverse effects on the safe operation of the public power grid. Based on the demand of public power grid and energy station scheduling, this paper proposes a day-ahead optimization scheduling method of integrated energy station, which can suppress the peak-valley difference of the tie line and fully absorb the photovoltaic power. Firstly, based on the optimal scheduling result of the load base value, a method is proposed to determine the tie line power expectation value. And then, a day-ahead optimization scheduling model of integrated energy station is put forward considering the tie line peak-valley difference and photovoltaic accommodation, which takes the lowest total cost as the objective and sets the tie-line transmission power constraint according to the tie-line power expectation value. The simulation results of an example have verified the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method, which can better absorb photovoltaic power while ensuring the safe operation of the public power grid.
    Synergic Optimization of Community Energy Internet Considering the Shared Energy Storage
    WANG Shijun, PING Chang, XUE Guobin
    2018, 51(8):  77-84.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201805160
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    The energy internet, which takes the integrated energy system as the core, is an important way to solve the energy crisis and environmental pollution problems. Taking the community energy internet as the research object, this paper proposes a synergic optimization model containing shared energy storage, CHP, and PV generation. Firstly, models are built for the important equipment and power load in the integrated energy internet; and then, different models are built respectively for the electricity purchase cost from the power grid, the energy purchase cost from community micro operator, and the leasing cost from storage system, and accordingly, a synergic optimization model is founded aiming at the global economic optimization of the users; furthermore, the coalition cost is divided among users based on the daily energy consumption amount; lastly, a case study is conducted to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The simulation result shows that the proposed approach can schedule energy consumption reasonably to reduce the energy cost of users.
    Top-Level Design of Urban Intelligent Energy Systems under Urban Energy Revolution
    WANG Xue, CHEN Xin
    2018, 51(8):  85-91.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201805034
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    In the current stage, unclear building blocks, obscure framework, and disconnection with urban planning and construction are the most prominent problems during the construction of urban smart energy systems (USESs), requiring a systematic top-level design. Based on a detailed analysis of worldwide demonstration projects of USESs, the design principle, design idea, and functional framework of USESs in China are proposed. On this basis, a top-level design of USESs from the aspects of construction conditions, overall planning and design points, comprehensive service platform, and policy mechanism, development path of urban energy reform are provided, giving references for the future planning, constructions operation of energy internet, smart city and USESs.
    Case Analysis of Energy Internet Infrastructure Planning
    HUANG Xuejin, HUANG Wenrui, YAN Xing, WANG Lei, MA Junhua, WANG Kang
    2018, 51(8):  92-98.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201805121
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    The Energy Internet, featuring the in-depth integration of renewable energy and internet information technology, is the future trend of the energy industry development. This paper summarizes and proposes the Energy Internet planning concept and method. A brief case analysis is made of an Energy Internet infrastructure planning by taking a high-tech industrial development zone in Guangdong Province as an example. Applying Energy Internet planning concepts and methods to infrastructure planning can improve economic, social, and environmental benefits of the energy system, which is significant for top-level planning, design, optimization, and operation of energy system.
    Park Energy Internet Development Design of Multi-Energy Synergic Optimal Allocation
    WU Zhili, YANG Weihong, YUAN Kai, SONG Yi, SUN Chongbo, MU Yunfei, CHEN Wanqing, WANG Shiju
    2018, 51(8):  99-105.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201805189
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    The Energy Internet at the park level is one of the most suitable scenarios for carrying out the multi-energy synergic utilization and integrated energy service under the background of low carbon economy, which can significantly improve the energy structure of China. In this paper, the concept of Park Energy Internet (PEI) is introduced, and the main characteristics and functions of PEI is analyzed in detail. The developments of PEI around the world such as construction objective and application results, are introduced. Based on an analysis of the deficiency of the traditional park energy supply system, the key technical problems in PEI planning are put forward in this paper. Furthermore, the theoretical framework and key factors of PEI planning method are proposed. It is pointed out that the engineering practice should start from system optimal allocation, information platform and energy interaction, and the development philosophy and principle are also put forward.
    Design and Practice of the Development Path of New Generation Power System in Chongli
    ZHAO Min, ZHAO Dongyuan, LI Shunxin, ZHANG Jing, YUE Yunli, ZHANG Xuan
    2018, 51(8):  106-111.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201805124
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    The Chongli area in Zhangjiakou, Hebei Province, has rich renewable energy resources with favorable policies for development. It is of great significance and value to build a new generation of power system in Chongli under the background of China's energy revolution and re-electric strategy. Under the guidance of wide interconnection, intelligent interaction, flexible flexibility, safety control and open sharing, an index evaluation system is constructed for construction and development of the new generation of power system based on its important connotation and characteristics. Based on the energy data, the paper analyzes the status of the power system in the early construction period of the Winter Olympic Games, and presents the final construction goals of the power system. Furthermore, the technology path for Energy Internet development is designed and the contributions of 17 major engineering projects to the power system's goals are systematically analyzed. Finally, the construction effects of the new generation power system are comprehensively evaluated based on the completion of the above projects. The evaluation result shows that before the opening of the Winter Olympic Games, a new generation of power system will be built in Chongli with remarkable technical characteristics and in line with the future development direction.
    The Applicability of Electric Heat Storage Technology in Clean Heating in Zhangjiakou Region
    YUE Yunli, ZI Zhenning, LI Shunxin, ZHAO Dongyuan, ZHAO Min
    2018, 51(8):  112-116.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201805127
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    Zhangjiakou is one of the most important areas that have rich clean energy in China. The implementation of the clean heating system has a demonstration effect on the whole country. This paper firstly analyzes the important significance of the clean heating in our country at the present stage, and introduces the principle of electric heat storage technology; and then analyzes several schemes of clean heating renovation project with electric heat storage technology for a hospital in Zhangjiakou, and concludes that the solid electric heat storage scheme has good economic benefits. Finally, it is proposed to apply the implementation scheme of internet plus centralized and distributed clean heating of electric heat storage technology in Zhangjiakou, which can significantly improve the level of clean energy consumption and achieve greater social and economic benefits. The thinking of this paper is of great reference for implementation of practical projects.
    Energy Internet Leads Technological Changes of Clean Heating
    ZI Zhenning, ZHAO Dongyuan, GAO Feng
    2018, 51(8):  117-121.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201805092
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    China's total installed capacity of wind power and solar power has ranked first in the world, but the winter heating in China's northern area mainly relies on coal. The current comprehensive heating scheme is still far from the target of addressing climate change and environmental protection. This paper firstly analyzes the prominent problems in implementation of clean heating, and puts forward a solution to clean heating (virtual thermal power plants) based on the Energy Internet. By comparing the technical advantages and disadvantages of this scheme and the traditional heating program of clean energy, and analyzing their economies, it is concluded that the proposed scheme can not only accommodate a great amount of wind power and other clean energy, subsequently solving the light and wind curtailment problems, but also has good economic benefits. Through extensive implementation of the proposed scheme, the Energy Internet will lead the technological changes of clean heating.
    A Vertically-Integrated Static Parameter Correction Method
    CAO Yang, HOU Yanqiu, LUO Zhiqiang, LIU Lihua, LIU Yangsheng, LIN Jikeng, YU Jing, WU Haiwei
    2018, 51(8):  122-129.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201707143
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    The computing credibility of the advanced applications of energy management system that relies on the basic data may deteriorate due to the error in the input parameter of devices that are newly added into the system and the drift or mutation of parameters of facilities that are near the end of life cycle. This paper presents a vertically-integrated method for parameter identification based on the intelligent scheduling platform. The dispatching center supervisor defines the suspicious measurement evaluation function and the comprehensive judgment indexes using the phenomenon that measuring residuals in the state estimation increase when there are partial parameter errors. The set of parameters with relatively larger comprehensive judgment indexes is employed as the initial set of suspicious parameters. Considering the life cycle flags of the devices, there may be parameter errors in the newly-operated and nearly-retired devices whose parameters are also added to the suspicious parameter set. The suspicious parameters with limited impact are excluded from the suspicious parameter set, and the final set of candidate parameters is finally obtained. The model management system of dispatching centers maintains the candidate parameters, and inform the sub dispatching centers to update the model parameters base. Simulation results on the IEEE 14-node system have verified the validity of the proposed method.
    Operation Situation Analysis and Improvement Measures for Automatic Voltage Control System of Wind Farms
    LIU Jingbo, SONG Peng, WU Linlin, LIU Yu, WU Yuhui, ZHANG Yangfan
    2018, 51(8):  130-138.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201711267
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    The control strategy of automatic voltage, the communication between systems and the performance of single device affect the performance of the reactive power and voltage control of wind farms. Based on the actual operation data and field testing data of a ten-million-kilowatts wind power base in the past three years, the paper firstly analyzes the status of the wind farm automatic voltage control (AVC) system, and systematically introduces the current AVC system architecture and conventional control strategies; and then it clarifies the key factors affecting the wind farm AVC performance from the wind farm AVC process. Finally, some measures are proposed for improving the wind farm AVC performance and operation level, and are verified by case study.
    Study of the Thermal Calculation for the Multi-path Horizontal Circulating Fluidized Bed Boiler
    CONG Kunlin, LI Qinghai, LU Wei, ZHANG Yanguo
    2018, 51(8):  139-147.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201803127
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    It is worth to study the thermal calculation method of the multi-path horizontal circulating fluidized bed boiler due to the insufficient experimental and practical data of the particle movement, combustion, and heat transfer in a multi-path circulating fluidized bed boiler. In this paper, the thermal calculation model based on material balance and energy balance is established according to the characteristics of a multi-path horizontal circulating fluidized bed (MPHCFB) boiler. The calculation methods of the separator efficiency, combustion fraction, and heat transfer coefficient for MPHCFB boilers are determined. A production MPHCFB boiler is calculated with the proposed thermal calculation model. The material distribution, temperature distribution, and heat distribution in the furnace are obtained. By comparing the calculation results with the industrial test data of the boiler, the thermal calculation results are in line with the actual operation of the boiler. This work presents an engineering-oriented method for the thermal calculation of an MPHCFB boiler. It can provide theoretical reference for the design and modification of industrial boilers in energy-saving and emission-reduction.
    Prediction Model of Steam Turbine Heat Rate Based on CNGWO-LSSVM
    ZUO Zhike, CHEN Guobin, LIU Chao, NIU Peifeng
    2018, 51(8):  148-153.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201803137
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    In order to accurately calculate the heat rate of steam turbines, an improved grey wolf optimization (GWO) algorithm is proposed to optimize the soft-sensing modeling method using least squares support vector machine (LSSVM). Firstly, aiming at the issue of low convergence precision of GWO algorithm, the chaotic nonlinear grey wolf optimization algorithm (CNGWO) is proposed to improve the performance of GWO algorithm by virtue of Kent chaotic search strategy and nonlinear dynamic decline strategy. Then the model parameters of LSSVM is optimized by chaotic nonlinear grey wolf algorithm, and the soft sensor model of CNGWO-LSSVM is established. Based on the real-time operation data of a 600 MW supercritical steam turbine unit in a power plant, the soft sensing technology based on CNGWO-LSSVM is applied to predicate the heat rate of the 600 MW supercritical steam turbine unit. The prediction result indicates that the LSSVM optimized by CNGWO algorithm has achieved satisfactory prediction effect, which can provide an effective way for accurate heat rate calculation.
    Optimization and Regulation of Fans Based on Online Monitoring of Air-Cooled Island
    WANG He, LI Yuedong, QIN Zhiguo, YIN Xiaohui, MA Suxia, WANG Fang, ZHANG Jiajie
    2018, 51(8):  154-161.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201803069
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    As the air-cooled island is the cold-end of the air-cooled generator, its performance optimization is of great significance to improve the operation economy and reach the goal of the energy saving for the power plant. Taking a 600 MW subcritical direct air-cooled unit as the research object, the optimization calculation model of the cold-end system is established, and the equivalent heat drop method is used to calculate the optimal real-time back-pressure of the unit. Through the establishment of the air-cooled island state performance monitoring system, the condensate sub-cooling degree and cleaning factors is able to be monitored online. According to the monitoring results, the operation frequency of each fan on the air-cooled island is tuned precisely such that the online monitoring based in-depth optimization is performed for the performance of the air-cooled island. The online monitoring and optimization operation technology has been applied to the 600 MW air-cooled unit and has achieved good economic benefits, which can provide positive reference for the optimal operation of the cold-end of air-cooled units as well as the construction of smart power plant.
    Technical and Economic Analysis on the Application of High Efficiency Dust Precipitator in Ultra-low Emission Units
    YOU Liangzhou, WANG Fengji, HU Da, ZHU Yue
    2018, 51(8):  162-166,179.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201704092
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    With the application of the desulfurization system the ultra-low emission of smoke and dust can be realized while the existing equipments are capable of being utilized to the maximum extent. By comparing the technologies of three-stage roof ridge type fogger, tubular mist eliminator and condensing mist eliminator, it can be seen that the three-stage roof ridge type fogger is more stable, mature and reliable during operation, and hence is widely used. Under the same conditions, the cost of retrofitting the three-stage roof ridge fogger is lower than that of the other two kinds of dust-removing and fogging device.
    Research and Application of Ultra-low Emission Technology in Large-scale CFB Boilers Burning Low-rank Coal
    LIU Chengliang, CAI Runxia, LYU Junfu, HAO Haijun, SU Hu, GENG Ruiming, LI Jian, ZHANG Xiaoyu
    2018, 51(8):  167-172.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201805187
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    By improving the boiler design and optimizing the flue gas cleaning system, a new technical route is proposed for CFB boilers burning low-rank coals, in which four technologies are implemented together, i.e., the ultra-clean and high-efficiency combustion in furnace, desulfurization with small limestone in furnace, SNCR denitrification system and joint removal of multi-pollutants in semidry flue gas cleaning system. The verification experiment are carried out on two 300 MW CFB boilers. From the results it is shown that ultra-low emission of NOx, SO2 and dust can be realized by way of combustion adjustment and coordination of the desulfurization and denitrification. Moreover, this technical route has obvious advantages in economy over the conventional technologies.
    Prospect of Non-traditional Air Pollutant Control in Coal-fired Power Plants
    WANG Sheng
    2018, 51(8):  173-179.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201805168
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    In terms of the control of individual atmospheric pollutants, such as particulate, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, or the systematic ultra-low emission control technology of coal-fired power plants, there have been a variety of mature and diversified technologies available to be selected on the basis of specific analysis of the actual project situation. For non-conventional atmospheric pollutants in coal-fired power plants, it is necessary to pay more attention to the emissions of sulphur trioxide, ammonia and heavy metals. In this paper, the generation, hazard and control of sulphur trioxide, ammonia and heavy metals in coal-fired power plants are analyzed respectively. On the basis of this, some suggestions on the control policy of unconventional air pollutants in coal-fired power plants are put forward from four aspects, i.e., prevention and control technology policy, emission control standard, control technical route and engineering demonstration.
    Experimental Study on Sampling Filter Membrane for Low Concentration Particulate Matter under High-Humidity Low-Temperature Environment
    LUO Yi, CHEN Weixiang
    2018, 51(8):  180-184.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.201705042
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    With the control technology of ultra-low pollutants being gradually improved, in the case of low concentration of particulate matter in the flue with low temperature and high humidity, the particle testing method (i.e. filter cartridge method) recommended in GB/T16157-1996, will not be accurate enough to get the concentration of particulate matter in flue gas. At present, in both foreign standard such as ISO, USAEPA, BS EN and domestic standards, filter membrane is chosen instead of filter cartridge in sampling weighing method to achieve the measurement of low concentrations of particulate matter. Among the wide range of filters in China and abroad, five different types of filters (i.e. ordinary glass fiber membrane, borosilicate glass fiber membrane, quartz membrane, PTFE hydrophilic membrane and PTFE hydrophobic membrane) were selected for laboratory comparative test study. Mainly in the aspects of the filter Membrane sampling parallel sample deviation, water absorption performance of the membrane, the appearance of the membrane before and after sampling, the mean value of the membrane blank and the characteristics of the membrane itself, the performance of the membrane were evaluated so as to provide reference for the selection of sampling filter membrane for low concentrations of particulate matter under high humidity and low temperature environment.