Startup Method and Strategy for Bipolar LCC-HVDC System Used as Black-Start Power Source

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202307082

Abstract

Abstract:

The scientific and reasonable black-start scheme is the most effective measure to cope with the power grid blackout, which can greatly accelerate the system recovery process, thus significantly reducing the losses of power system due to power failure. The bipolar LCC-HVDC system has the advantages of flexible regulation and large transmission capacity, while it has some difficulties as a black start source. This paper presents a new black start method for bipolar LCC-HVDC system used as the black start power source to restore the power supply of the passive receiving-end network, so as to speed up the the recovery process. Firstly, the problems for using bipolar LCC-HVDC system as a black start source and the corresponding addressing measures are presented. And then, the implementation processes for using the bipolar LCC-HVDC system as a black start power source to restore the power supply of the passive receiving-end network are presented in detail. The process includes two stages: the first stage realizes the pseudo-deicer mode startup of the bipolar LCC-HVDC system; the second stage realizes the transition from the pseudo-deicer mode to the restoration of power supply of the passive receiving-end network. The case study verified the effectiveness and validity of the proposed method. This method makes the bipolar LCC-HVDC system have the black-start capability, and utilizes the DC system to provide voltage and frequency support for system restoration of the receiving-end power grid.

Key words: black-start power source, LCC-HVDC system, pseudo-deicer mode, power grid blackout, passive receiving-end network

Qingwei WANG, Zhibin LIU, Bingqi CHEN, Jikeng LIN. Startup Method and Strategy for Bipolar LCC-HVDC System Used as Black-Start Power Source[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(4): 139-150.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202307082

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/Y2024/V57/I4/139

Figures/Tables 14

Fig.1 Diagram of the bipolar LCC-HVDC system

Fig.2 Diagram of power transmission during black start

Fig.3 Diagram of the initial commutation process of the converter

Fig.4 Block diagram of AC voltage control

Fig.5 Pseudo-deicer startup flow chart

Fig.6 Load restoration flow chart

Fig.7 Bipolar LCC-HVDC simulation model

Fig.8 Waveform of the pseudo-deicer startup stage

Fig.9 Waveform of the reverse power reduction stage

Fig.10 Waveform of the forward power increase stage

Fig.11 Waveform of the receiving-end AC frequency of pure impedence load model

Fig.12 Thermal power plant service load model

Fig.13 Waveform of the thermal power plant service load restoration

Fig.14 Waveform of the receiving-end AC frequency of plant load model

References 28

1	易俊, 卜广全, 郭强, 等. 巴西“3·21” 大停电事故分析及对中国电网的启示[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2019, 43 (2): 1- 6.
	YI Jun, BU Guangquan, GUO Qiang, et al. Analysis on blackout in Brazilian power grid on March 21, 2018 and its enlightenment to power grid in China[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2019, 43 (2): 1- 6.
2	雷傲宇, 周剑, 梅勇, 等. “3•3” 中国台湾电网大停电事故分析及启示[J]. 南方电网技术, 2022, 16 (9): 90- 97. DOI
	LEI Aoyu, ZHOU Jian, MEI Yong, et al. Analysis and lessons of the blackout in Chinese Taiwan power grid on March 3, 2022[J]. Southern Power System Technology, 2022, 16 (9): 90- 97. DOI
3	王伟胜, 林伟芳, 何国庆, 等. 美国得州2021年大停电事故对我国新能源发展的启示[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2021, 41 (12): 4033- 4043.
	WANG Weisheng, LIN Weifang, HE Guoqing, et al. Enlightenment of 2021 Texas blackout to the renewable energy development in China[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2021, 41 (12): 4033- 4043.
4	陈磊, 邓欣怡, 陈红坤, 等. 电力系统韧性评估与提升研究综述[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2022, 50 (13): 11- 22. DOI
	CHEN Lei, DENG Xinyi, CHEN Hongkun, et al. Review of the assessment and improvement of power system resilience[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2022, 50 (13): 11- 22. DOI
5	刘皓明, 丁帅, 卢恩, 等. 含快速切负荷功能火电机组的电力系统黑启动策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2013, 37 (9): 23- 28, 116. DOI
	LIU Haoming, DING Shuai, LU En, et al. A power system black-start strategy considering thermal power units with FCB function[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2013, 37 (9): 23- 28, 116. DOI
6	陈兵, 汪成根, 李群, 等. 电网黑启动初期优先启动HVDC输电系统的方法[J]. 电力电子技术, 2017, 51 (3): 106- 110.
	CHEN Bing, WANG Chenggen, LI Qun, et al. The method of priority starting HVDC power transmission system in the early stage of power grid black-start[J]. Power Electronics, 2017, 51 (3): 106- 110.
7	闫来清, 曹丽源, 薛太林, 等. 风电场黑启动储能容量优化配置: 一种考虑储能运行策略的方法[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2022, 50 (16): 131- 139. DOI
	YAN Laiqing, CAO Liyuan, XUE Tailin, et al. Optimal configuration of wind farm black start energy storage capacity: a method considering energy storage operation strategy[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2022, 50 (16): 131- 139. DOI
8	刘建坤, 崔文琪, 汪成根, 等. 不确定环境条件下光伏储能系统作为电网黑启动电源的可行性分析[J]. 南方电网技术, 2016, 10 (8): 82- 88.
	LIU Jiankun, CUI Wenqi, WANG Chenggen, et al. Feasibility analysis on using photovoltaic system with battery as black-start unit under uncertain environment[J]. Southern Power System Technology, 2016, 10 (8): 82- 88.
9	王志奎, 孙磊, 林振智, 等. 计及负荷和调配时间不确定性的防灾应急电源优化配置[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2018, 42 (2): 34- 41.
	WANG Zhikui, SUN Lei, LIN Zhenzhi, et al. Optimal allocation of emergency power sources considering uncertainties of loads and dispatching time periods[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42 (2): 34- 41.
10	BAHRMAN M, BJORKLUND P E. The new black start: system restoration with help from voltage-sourced converters[J]. IEEE Power and Energy Magazine, 2014, 12 (1): 44- 53. DOI
11	FENG B, ZHAI X J, LI Y, et al. Experimental study on black-start capability of VSC-HVDC for passive networks[C]//2016 IEEE PES Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference (APPEEC). Xi'an, China. IEEE, 2016: 2560–2563.
12	杨超, 梁海平, 顾雪平, 等. 基于电压源换流器HVDC联网的受端电网扩展黑启动方案[J]. 电工技术学报, 2017, 32 (22): 207- 215.
	YANG Chao, LIANG Haiping, GU Xueping, et al. The recovery strategy of the extended black-start for the receiving end system based on the voltage source converter-HVDC[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2017, 32 (22): 207- 215.
13	LIU Y L, ZHOU X, WU Y N, et al. A study on VSC- HVDC based black start method[C]//2019 4th IEEE Workshop on the Electronic Grid (eGRID). Xiamen, China. IEEE, 2019: 1–6.
14	叶永健, 李长城, 罗伟, 等. 考虑VSC-HVDC接入的受端系统机组恢复多阶段决策方法[J]. 电网技术, 2022, 46 (6): 2375- 2386.
	YE Yongjian, LI Changcheng, LUO Wei, et al. A multi-stage decision-making method for unit restoration of receiving end system considering VSC-HVDC connection[J]. Power System Technology, 2022, 46 (6): 2375- 2386.
15	刘昌盛, 谢云云, 周前, 等. 高压直流输电参与的电网恢复路径优化方法研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2017, 37 (9): 2579- 2589.
	LIU Changsheng, XIE Yunyun, ZHOU Qian, et al. Optimization of restoration path for blackout grid with the aid of high-voltage direct current transmission[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017, 37 (9): 2579- 2589.
16	顾雪平, 杨超, 梁海平, 等. 含常规高压直流输电的电力系统恢复路径优化[J]. 电网技术, 2019, 43 (6): 2020- 2032.
	GU Xueping, YANG Chao, LIANG Haiping, et al. Path optimization of power system restoration with HVDC transmission[J]. Power System Technology, 2019, 43 (6): 2020- 2032.
17	顾雪平, 杨超, 梁海平, 等. 异步联网受端交流系统恢复中支持LCC-HVDC启动的局部网络快速重构[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39 (4): 1060- 1070.
	GU Xueping, YANG Chao, LIANG Haiping, et al. Rapid reconfiguration of receiving-end AC local networks supporting LCC-HVDC startup for asynchronous networking power systems[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39 (4): 1060- 1070.
18	王洪涛, 蔺呈倩, 杨冬, 等. 多直流馈入系统功率调控与机组出力恢复协调优化[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2019, 39 (9): 136- 143.
	WANG Hongtao, LIN Chengqian, YANG Dong, et al. Coordinated optimization of multi-infeed HVDC system power regulation and generator output restoration[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2019, 39 (9): 136- 143.
19	周剑, 李建设, 苏寅生. 电网黑启动情况下高压直流输电系统启动条件分析[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2011, 35 (3): 92- 96.
	ZHOU Jian, LI Jianshe, SU Yinsheng. Analysis on start-up conditions of HVDC system in black-start[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2011, 35 (3): 92- 96.
20	周剑, 苏寅生, 王新宝. 云广直流在南方电网黑启动及系统恢复过程的作用[J]. 南方电网技术, 2010, 4 (4): 48- 51.
	ZHOU Jian, SU Yinsheng, WANG Xinbao. The role of Yunnan-Guangdong ±800 kV DC project in CSG black-start and recovery process[J]. Southern Power System Technology, 2010, 4 (4): 48- 51.
21	WANG H T, HE C M, FU L. Stability mechanism analysis of HVDC control system for power system restoration using HVDC[C]//2011 4th International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies (DRPT). Weihai, China. IEEE, 2011: 433–437.
22	BARSALI S, SALVATI R, ZAOTTINI R. Use of HVDC links for power system restoration[J]. Electric Power Systems Research, 2009, 79 (6): 973- 983. DOI
23	李保宏, 刘天琪, 许韦华, 等. 直流参与受端弱交流系统黑启动的技术条件[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2016, 36 (5): 23- 29.
	LI Baohong, LIU Tianqi, XU Weihua, et al. Technical conditions of HVDC for involving in black-start of weak receiving AC system[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2016, 36 (5): 23- 29.
24	LI B H, LIU T Q, XU W H, et al. Research on technical requirements of line-commutated converter-based high-voltage direct current participating in receiving end AC system's black start[J]. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, 2016, 10(9): 2071–2078.
25	XUE Y, YANG C H, ZHANG X P. Investigation of black start capability of LCC HVDC system with controllable capacitors[C]//12th IET International Conference on AC and DC Power Transmission (ACDC 2016). Beijing. London: IET, 2016: 1–6.
26	余敬秋, 徐政. 高压直流输电系统开路电压的解析计算[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2022, 42 (3): 53- 59, 75.
	YU Jingqiu, XU Zheng. Analytical calculation of open line voltage for HVDC transmission system[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2022, 42 (3): 53- 59, 75.
27	黎慧. 特高压直流输电系统换相失败预测分析[D]. 上海: 上海交通大学, 2015.
	LI Hui. The analysis of commutation failure prediction in UHVDC system[D]. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 2015.
28	张真. 高压直流输电系统换相失败预测与抑制方法研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2021.
	ZHANG Zhen. Research on prediction and suppression method for commutation failure of high voltage DC transmission system[D]. Chongqing: Chongqing University, 2021.