中国电力 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (12): 107-118.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202507056

• 新型电力系统碳监测与核算、碳足迹及碳管理关键技术 • 上一篇    

电力系统中抽水蓄能电站电力碳足迹计算分析

徐三敏1(), 张弓1(), 张译文2(), 刘焰真2(), 张斌亮2(), 唐进2()   

  1. 1. 国网新源控股有限公司抽水蓄能技术经济研究院,北京 100761
    2. 北京中创碳投科技有限公司,北京 100007
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-21 修回日期:2025-11-07 发布日期:2025-12-27 出版日期:2025-12-28
  • 作者简介:
    徐三敏(1989),女,通信作者,硕士,高级工程师,从事抽水蓄能电气、碳资产与绿电研究,E-mail:15652194534@163.com
    张弓(1987),男,硕士,高级工程师,从事抽水蓄能规划发展、电价与电力市场、碳资产与绿电研究,E-mail:925469821@qq.com
    张译文(1997),女,硕士,工程师,从事环境与气候变化研究,E-mail:yiwen970603@163.com
    刘焰真(1992),女,硕士,工程师,从事环境权益市场、碳排放核算研究,E-mail:liuyanzhen@sino-carbon.cn
    张斌亮(1979),男,硕士,助理研究员,从事应对气候变化研究,E-mail:zhangbinliang@sino-carbon.cn
    唐进(1979),男,博士,高级工程师,从事应对气候变化研究,E-mail:tangjin@sino-carbon.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国网新源集团有限公司科技项目(SGXYKJ-2024-078)。

Calculation and Analysis of the Electricity Carbon Footprint of Pumped Storage Power Stations in Power Systems

XU Sanmin1(), ZHANG Gong1(), ZHANG Yiwen2(), LIU Yanzhen2(), ZHANG Binliang2(), TANG Jin2()   

  1. 1. Pumped-Storage Technological & Economic Research Institute, State Grid Xinyuan Holdings Limited, Beijing 100761, China
    2. Sino Carbon Innovation & Investment Co., Ltd., Beijing 100007, China
  • Received:2025-07-21 Revised:2025-11-07 Online:2025-12-27 Published:2025-12-28
  • Supported by:
    This work is supported by Science and Technology Project of State Grid Xinyuan Group Co., Ltd. (No.SGXYKJ-2024-078).

摘要:

对抽水蓄能发电碳足迹量化分析,有助于定量研究抽水蓄能绿色清洁属性,完善全国电力平均碳足迹因子。基于生命周期方法,分析了5个典型抽蓄电站前期准备阶段、施工建造阶段、运营维护和退役阶段等各阶段碳排放源及排放量,提出了基于应用场景的抽水-发电环节的排放计算方法。当用于完善全国电力平均碳足迹因子时,吉林敦化抽水蓄能电站(简称敦蓄电站)全生命周期排放量为174.86万t,运营期间的日常运维排放是其最主要排放源,占比超过41%。在95%置信水平下,敦蓄电站电力碳足迹取值范围为[0.0235, 0.0266] kg/(kW·h),5个抽蓄电站的平均电力碳足迹为0.0238 kg/(kW·h),运行维护费用、施工建造不可溯源费用对该电站碳足迹影响显著。考虑抽水蓄能后的2023年全国电力平均碳足迹为0.6206 kg/(kW·h),抽水蓄能对全国电力平均碳足迹的影响不足千分之一。

关键词: 抽水蓄能, 生命周期, 电力碳足迹, 碳排放, 不确定性分析

Abstract:

Quantitative analysis of the carbon footprint of pumped storage power stations (PSPS) is conductive to the quantitative study on the green and clean attributes of pumped storage stations and improve the national average electricity carbon footprint factors. Based on the life cycle assessment (LCA) approach, this study analyzes carbon emission sources and their quantities of five typical PSPSs across all stages: including pre-construction preparation, construction, operation & maintenance, and decommissioning. Furthermore, it proposes an emission calculation method tailored to application scenarios for the pumping-generation phase. When used to improve the average carbon footprint factor for national power industry, the Jilin Dunhua PSPS (hereafter referred to as Dunhua Station) records a total lifecycle carbon emission of 1.7486 million tonnes. The daily operational emissions during its operation phase constitutes the primary source, accounting for more than 41%. At a 95% confidence level, the electricity carbon footprint from Dunhua Station ranges within [0.0235, 0.0266] kg/(kW·h). The average carbon footprint across the five studied PSPSs is 0.0238 kg/(kW·h), with operational maintenance costs and non-traceable construction costs identified as significant influencing factors for Dunhua Station. After incorporating the impact of pumped storage, the 2023 national average carbon footprint for electricity is calculated at 0.6206 kg/(kW·h). The influence of pumped storage on this national average is found to be less than one-thousandth (< 0.1%).

Key words: pumped storage power, life cycle, electricity carbon footprint, carbon emission, uncertainty analysis


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