基于GHGP标准体系的输变电工程建设碳排放量化分析

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202411038

中国电力 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (4): 205-215.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202411038

基于GHGP标准体系的输变电工程建设碳排放量化分析

张峰¹(), 姜继双¹, 李超²(), 夏芝香², 戴莉¹, 王凯歌³, 方梦祥², 骆仲泱²()

1. 国网浙江省电力有限公司建设分公司，浙江杭州　310020
2. 浙江大学能源工程学院，浙江杭州　310027
3. 浙江大学青山湖能源研究基地，浙江杭州　311308

收稿日期:2024-11-11 录用日期:2025-02-09 发布日期:2025-04-23 出版日期:2025-04-28
作者简介:
张峰（1980），男，硕士，高级工程师，从事输变电工程绿色建造研究，E-mail：zhangf_sdu@hotmail.com
李超（1984），男，博士，专职研究员，从事碳排放管理与低碳路径研究，E-mail：lichaozjuer@zju.edu.cn
骆仲泱（1962），男，通信作者，博士，教授，从事低碳技术研究与开发，E-mail：zyluo@zju.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家电网有限公司科技项目（5200-202319152A-1-1-ZN）。

Quantitative Analysis of Carbon Emission from Power Transmission and Transformation Projects Based on GHGP Standard System

ZHANG Feng¹(), JIANG Jishuang¹, LI Chao²(), XIA Zhixiang², DAI Li¹, WANG Kaige³, FANG Mengxiang², LUO Zhongyang²()

1. Construction Branch of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310020, China
2. College of Energy Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
3. Qingshanhu Energy Research Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 311308, China

Received:2024-11-11 Accepted:2025-02-09 Online:2025-04-23 Published:2025-04-28
Supported by:
This work is supported by Science and Technology Projects of SGCC (No.5200-202319152A-1-1-ZN).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

输变电工程建设碳排放量化分析是输变电工程建设绿色低碳实施的前提与基础。基于GHGP标准计算框架与数据处理方法，构建输变电工程建设多层级碳排放通用量化模型与边界优化模型，并以某500 kV变电站工程建设为例，围绕输变电工程建设各分部分项工程、物质流及能量流活动对输变电工程建设碳排放进行分层级量化分析与优化。结果显示，通过该量化模型可获得输变电工程建设全尺度碳排放分布特性，建构筑工程碳排放在输变电工程建设碳排放总量中占比达93.02%，相对能量流，物质流碳排放在总排放量中占比达到90.28%，在物质流碳排放中水泥及其制品类与钢材类消耗性材料碳排放占比达81%。将输变电工程建设碳排放显著性阈值设定为总排放量的0.002%~0.018%时，输变电工程建设90%的单元数据流可被排除在计算边界之外。当在输变电工程建设中使用可再生混凝土与再生钢材时，可产生显著的减排效益。

关键词: 建构筑工程, 安装工程, 物质流, 能量流, 碳排放量化

Abstract:

Quantitative analysis of carbon emission due to power transmission and transformation project construction is the premise and basis of green low-carbon implementation of the project. Based on quantification framework and data processing method according to the GHGP standards, a common hierarchic quantization model and a boundary optimization model for power transmission and transformation engineering construction are developed in this paper, in addition, the behavior of carbon emission from transmission and transformation project construction is analyzed and optimized through hierarchical quantification based on the sub-projects, material flow and energy flow activities by taking a certain 500 kV substation project as an example. The results show that the full-scale distribution characteristics of carbon emission is obtained through the quantification model, the carbon emission from civil and architectural engineering works accounts for 93.02% of the total carbon emission. Compared to energy flow, the carbon emissions from material flow activities accounted for 90.28% of the total emissions, of which the carbon emissions from cement and its products and steel consumable materials accounted for 81%. When the carbon emission significance threshold is set to 0.002% ~ 0.018% of the total emissions, 90% of the unit data flow of power transmission and transformation engineering construction can be excluded from the quantification boundary. When renewable concrete and recycled steel are used in the construction of power transmission and transformation projects, significant emission reduction can be generated.

Key words: civil and architectural engineering works, installation engineering works, material flow, energy flow, the quantification of carbon emission

张峰, 姜继双, 李超, 夏芝香, 戴莉, 王凯歌, 方梦祥, 骆仲泱. 基于GHGP标准体系的输变电工程建设碳排放量化分析[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(4): 205-215.

ZHANG Feng, JIANG Jishuang, LI Chao, XIA Zhixiang, DAI Li, WANG Kaige, FANG Mengxiang, LUO Zhongyang. Quantitative Analysis of Carbon Emission from Power Transmission and Transformation Projects Based on GHGP Standard System[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(4): 205-215.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202411038

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V58/I4/205

图/表 17

图 1 基于GHGP标准体系的输变电工程建设碳排放量化流程

Fig.1 Quantification process of carbon emission from power transmission and transformation construction based on GHGP

图 2 输变电工程建设工程碳排放计算边界架构

Fig.2 Quantification boundary of carbon emission from power transmission and transformation construction

图 3 输变电工程建设碳排放系统模型

Fig.3 Quantification model of carbon emission from power transmission and transformation construction

表 1 输变电工程建设消耗性材料类别分布

Table 1 Distribution of consumable material categories in power transmission and transformation engineering construction

消耗性材料类别		材料子类
水泥及其制品		水泥砂浆、混凝土、混凝土制品、混凝土附加料及胶泥
钢材		钢板、型钢、钢丝
铸铁件		铸铁管、铸铁管件
钢管		无缝钢管、合金钢管、不锈钢钢管、焊接钢管
有色金属		紫铜材、黄铜材、铝材
阀门		闸阀、截止阀、止回阀、安全阀、旋塞阀、球阀、加压阀、疏水阀、其他阀门
管件		弯头、法兰、堵板、管接头、补偿器、管卡子、三通、大小头
非标加工件		垫铁、平台扶梯、设备支架、金属架构及桩帽、箱类及其附件
砖瓦、砂石、沥青、玻璃		砂、石、石板、灰、土、渣、砖、瓦、沥青及其制品
装饰材料		龙骨吊顶、墙体材料、墙地砖、地板
铝合金材料		门、窗、建筑小五金、卫浴用品、消防器材、涂料
焊接材料		电焊条、焊丝、焊剂
紧固件		螺栓、螺钉、螺母、垫圈、钉、瓦钩、轴承、弹簧
金属丝网		金属丝、金属网
水暖器件		镀锌水暖管件、非镀锌水暖管件
电气材料、照明器材		导线、电缆、金具
耐火保温材料		耐火材料、保温/抹面材料、石棉制品、防火材料
橡胶、塑料制品		橡胶板、橡胶管、橡胶制品、塑料板及薄膜、塑料管、塑料带、塑料管件、塑料制品
油料、化学制品		燃油、润滑油、容积/清洗剂、酸/碱、有机物品、试剂、化工颜料、链接/密封材料、气体
防腐材料		防锈底漆、磁漆、调和漆、清漆、专用漆、树脂、沥青漆、管道防腐漆、油漆辅材、建筑防水油膏
水电		水、电
周转及易耗材料		周转材料、热处理/探伤易耗材料
其他		其他材料

图 4 500 kV变电站工程建构筑工程施工系统

Fig.4 System diagram of civil and architectural engineering works of power transmission and transformation construction

图 5 500 kV变电站工程安装工程施工系统

Fig.5 System diagram of installation engineering works of power transmission and transformation construction

图 6 建构筑工程各分项工程碳排放量

Fig.6 Carbon emission from items of sub-divisions projects of civil and architectural engineering works

图 7 安装工程各分项工程碳排放量

Fig.7 Carbon emission from items of sub-divisions projects of installation engineering works

图 8 500 kV变电站建设工程碳排放量

Fig.8 Total carbon emission from a certain 500 kV power transmission and transformation construction

图 9 物质流活动与能量流活动碳排放

Fig.9 Respective carbon emission from material flow and energy flow

图 10 机械台班碳排放量分布

Fig.10 The distribution behavior on carbon emission from machine-teams

图 11 消耗性材料类别碳排放占比

Fig.11 The percentage of carbon emission from consumable material categories

图 12 消耗性材料物质流单元数据流数量分布

Fig.12 The percentage of quantity of material flows of consumable material categories

图 13 显著性阈值对碳排放量与数据流影响分析

Fig.13 The impact of significance threshold on the carbon emission and the data flow

表 2 情景分析参数设置

Table 2 The setting of scenario parameters

情景	再生混凝土使用比例/%	再生钢材使用比例/%	生物柴油使用比例/%
情景1	20	15	10
情景2	40	30	20

表 3 再生建材与生物柴油碳排放因子

Table 3 Carbon emission factors of recycled building materials and biodiesel

名称		碳排放因子
C30再生混凝土/(kgCO₂e·m^–3)		188
C40再生混凝土/(kgCO₂e·m^–3)		204
C50再生混凝土/(kgCO₂e·m^–3)		218
C60再生混凝土/(kgCO₂e·m^–3)		249
再生中小型材/(kgCO₂e·kg^–1)		1.21
生物柴油/(kgCO₂e·kg^–1)		1.184

图 14 不同情景下变电站工程建设碳减排量

Fig.14 Carbon emission reduction of power transmission and transformation projects under different scenarios

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基于GHGP标准体系的输变电工程建设碳排放量化分析

Quantitative Analysis of Carbon Emission from Power Transmission and Transformation Projects Based on GHGP Standard System

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基于GHGP标准体系的输变电工程建设碳排放量化分析

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