应用零序电流幅值差特征的变压器零差保护可靠性提升策略

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202409080

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

变压器零序差动保护在应对复杂涌流和故障等工况时，可能因电流互感器（current transformer，CT）故障导致可靠性下降甚至误动作。为解决该问题，提出一种变压器零差保护可靠性提升策略，对零序电流及其幅值特性进行分析研究，得到相关辅助判据，并建立仿真模型以模拟区内故障、区外故障、复杂涌流等典型工况。仿真结果表明：辅助判据能够有效提高零序差动保护的可靠性，避免因电流互感器传变特性劣化导致的误动作。

关键词: 零序差动保护, 零序电流, 励磁涌流

Abstract:

The zero-sequence differential protection of transformer may cause the reliability to decrease or even malfunction due to the fault of current transformer (CT) when dealing with complex inrush current and fault. To solve this problem, a strategy to improve the reliability of transformer zero difference protection is proposed. The zero-sequence current and its amplitude characteristic are analyzed and studied to obtain the relevant auxiliary criterion and the simulation model is established to simulate the typical working conditions such as zone fault, outside fault and complex inrush current. The simulation results show that the auxiliary criterion can effectively improve the reliability of zero-sequence differential protection and avoid the malfunction caused by the deterioration of the transmission characteristics of current transformer.

Key words: zero-sequence differential protection, zero-sequence current, excitation inrush current

郑俊超, 葛亚明, 孔祥平, 任旭超, 陈实, 王晨清. 应用零序电流幅值差特征的变压器零差保护可靠性提升策略[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(8): 147-155.

ZHENG Junchao, GE Yaming, KONG Xiangping, REN Xuchao, CHEN Shi, WANG Chenqing. Reliability Improvement Strategy for Transformer Zero-Sequence Differential Protection Based on Zero-Sequence Current Amplitude Difference Characteristics[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(8): 147-155.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202409080

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V58/I8/147

图/表 13

图 1 区内单相接地故障伴随CTN饱和工况

Fig.1 The single-phase grounding fault in the area is accompanied by CTN saturation condition

图 2 区外单相接地故障伴随CTN饱和工况下差流二次谐波含量

Fig.2 Outside single-phase grounding fault with differential second harmonic content under CTN saturation condition

图 3 变压器所在支路

Fig.3 Branch of the transformer

图 4 区内故障时的零序网络

Fig.4 Zero sequence network in case of regional failure

图 5 区外故障伴随CTN严重饱和

Fig.5 Out-of-area faults are accompanied by severe CTN saturation

图 6 某220 kV变电站系统模型

Fig.6 System model of a 220 kV substation

图 7 变压器空载合闸伴随A相绕组靠近中性点1%处发生单相接地故障

Fig.7 The unloaded energization of the transformer is accompanied by a single-phase grounding fault occurring at the position 1% close to the neutral point of the A-phase winding

图 8 变压器A相绕组靠近中性点2%处发生A相短路接地故障伴随CTN饱和

Fig.8 The A phase short-circuit grounding fault with CTN saturation occurs near 2% of the neutral point in the A phase winding of the transformer

图 9 区外AB相短路接地故障伴随CTN饱和

Fig.9 Outside AB phase short-circuit grounding fault with CTN saturation

图 10 励磁涌流工况伴随CTN饱和

Fig.10 The magnetizing inrush current condition accompanied by CTN saturation

图 11 恢复性涌流工况伴随CTN饱和

Fig.11 Recovery inrush flow condition with CTN saturation

图 12 区外AB相短路接地故障工况伴随CTN和相CT均饱和

Fig.12 The external AB phase short circuit grounding fault condition is accompanied by CTN and phase CT saturation

图 13 励磁涌流工况伴随CTN和相CT均饱和

Fig.13 The magnetizing inrush current condition is accompanied by CTN and phase CT saturation

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