关键词: 碳减排, 低碳转型, 新能源, 氢能, 循环碳经济, 碳中和, 碳达峰

Abstract: The goal of carbon peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060 proposed by Chinese government has brought higher requirements for carbon emission reduction in energy and electricity. The clean and low-carbon transition pathways for the power system need to be explored urgently. Firstly, based on an investigation of the current status of carbon emissions in the energy and power sector, the paper clarifies the role of energy and power in carbon emissions reduction in China. Secondly, according to the carbon development situation of electric power in the near and mid-term, a quantitative calculation model considering the external cost of carbon emissions is constructed. For the long-term low-carbon development scenarios, the synergistic pathways of electricity-hydrogen and electricity-hydrogen-carbon are innovatively proposed, breaking the boundaries of different energy systems. Furthermore, a whole-chain techno-economic evaluation model is built, which is suitable for the diversified utilization of new energy, and has been applied to evaluation of the economic competitiveness of the end products such as hydrogen and methanol.

Key words: carbon reduction, low-carbon transition, new energy, hydrogen energy, circular carbon economy, carbon neutralization, carbon peak