基于短路容量量化评估的断面极限功率解析计算方法

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202402004

中国电力 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (3): 98-107.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202402004

基于短路容量量化评估的断面极限功率解析计算方法

刘瑶¹(), 李子恒²(), 郑子萱³(), 宋东徽³(), 李小腾¹(), 张丁²(), 任杰³(), 谢琦³()

1. 国网陕西省电力有限公司电力科学研究院，陕西西安　710100
2. 国网陕西省电力有限公司，陕西西安　710048
3. 四川大学电气工程学院，四川成都　610065

收稿日期:2024-02-01 出版日期:2025-03-28 发布日期:2025-03-26
作者简介:
刘瑶（1993），女，硕士，工程师，从事交直流混联电力系统安全稳定分析技术研究，E-mail：liuyaoseu@163.com
李子恒（1993），男，硕士，工程师，从事电力系统稳定运行技术研究，E-mail：1240919439@qq.com
郑子萱（1990），男，通信作者，博士，教授，从事新能源并网控制与储能运行控制技术研究，E-mail：scuzzx@163.com
宋东徽（1999），男，博士研究生，从事新能源并网控制研究，E-mail：1027684632@qq.com
李小腾（1978），女，硕士，高级工程师，从事电力系统稳定分析与控制研究，E-mail：greenteng@qq.com
张丁（1988），男，硕士，高级工程师，从事电力系统调度运行管理，E-mail：zhangding@sn.sgcc.com.cn
任杰（1995），女，博士，讲师，从事可再生能源发电与风力发电机的故障穿越研究，E-mail：renjieholmesjay@163.com
谢琦（1997），男，博士研究生，从事高比例新能源交直流混联电网运行与控制，E-mail： xieqi365@outlook.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（直流故障下大规模风电送端系统暂态电压响应机理与引导式防御机制，52277115）；国网陕西省电力有限公司科技项目（陕北高比例新能源多直流外送型电网耦合特性及优化控制技术研究，5226KY23001Y）。

An Analytical Calculation Method for Total Transfer Capability of Transmission Section Based on Evaluation of System Short Circuit Capability

Yao LIU¹(), Ziheng LI²(), Zixuan ZHENG³(), Donghui SONG³(), Xiaoteng LI¹(), Ding ZHANG²(), Jie REN³(), Qi XIE³()

1. Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710100, China
2. State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Co., Ltd., Xi'an 710048, China
3. College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China

Received:2024-02-01 Online:2025-03-28 Published:2025-03-26
Supported by:
This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Transient Voltage Response Mechanism and Guided Defense Mechanism of Large-Scale Wind Power Transmission System under DC Fault, No.52277115), Science and Technology Project of State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Co., Ltd. (Research on Coupling Characteristics and Optimization Control Technology of Multi-DC Transmission Power Grid with High Ratio Renewable Energy in Northern Shaanxi, No.5226KY23001Y).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

直流送端电网中，系统短路容量主要由常规机组提供，当常规机组开机方式变化导致短路容量变化时，将对系统安全稳定特性造成重要影响。现有断面极限功率计算方法在校验系统安全稳定性时，往往忽略短路容量这一关键变量，因而无法准确表征常规机组开机方式对断面极限功率的影响，计算结果准确性难以保证。鉴于此，提出一种基于短路容量量化评估的断面极限功率解析计算方法。首先，构造计及短路容量的系统安全稳定约束条件；然后，提出常规机组对系统短路容量的贡献指标，并基于该指标和安全稳定分析结果，提出一种断面极限功率解析计算方法；最后，以中国西北某电网为例进行分析，验证了所提方法的有效性以及准确性。

关键词: 输电断面, 短路容量, 开机方式, 极限功率, 功角稳定, 暂态过电压

Abstract:

In the HVDC sending-end system, the system's short-circuit capacity is mainly provided by conventional generating units. When the operating mode of conventional generating units changes and the short-circuit capacity changes, it will have a significant impact on the system's safety and stability characteristics. The existing section total transfer capability calculation methods often ignore the key variable of short-circuit capacity when verifying the system's safety and stability, which may lead to calculation errors. Therefore, this paper proposes a section total transfer capability analytical calculation method based on short-circuit capacity evaluation. Firstly, the system security and stability constraints considering the short-circuit capacity are constructed. Then, the contribution index of conventional generating units to the system's short-circuit capacity is proposed, and a section total transfer capability analytical calculation method is proposed based on this index. Finally, taking a certain power grid in Northwest China as an example, the effectiveness of this method is verified through case analysis in the power system analysis and simulation program.

Key words: transmission section, short-circuit capacity, start-up mode, total transfer capability, power-angle stability, transient overvoltage

刘瑶, 李子恒, 郑子萱, 宋东徽, 李小腾, 张丁, 任杰, 谢琦. 基于短路容量量化评估的断面极限功率解析计算方法[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(3): 98-107.

Yao LIU, Ziheng LI, Zixuan ZHENG, Donghui SONG, Xiaoteng LI, Ding ZHANG, Jie REN, Qi XIE. An Analytical Calculation Method for Total Transfer Capability of Transmission Section Based on Evaluation of System Short Circuit Capability[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(3): 98-107.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202402004

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V58/I3/98

图/表 11

图 1 风火打捆交直流外送系统简图

Fig.1 Diagram of wind and fire bundling AC/DC external transmission system

图 2 系统等值电抗变化前后交流N–1短路故障下发电机功角特性曲线

Fig.2 Generator power-angle characteristic curve under AC N–1 short circuit fault before and after system equivalent reactance change

图 3 系统等值电抗变化前后直流双极换相失败闭锁下发电机功角特性曲线

Fig.3 Power-angle characteristic curve of generator under DC bipolar commutation failure interlocking before and after system equivalent reactance change

图 4 多种运行参数对系统安全稳定影响规律

Fig.4 The impact of multiple operating parameters on system security and stability

图 5 断面极限功率计算流程

Fig.5 Flow chart for calculating the total transfer capability of the output section

表 1 直流近区火电机组参数

Table 1 Parameters of thermal power units near HVDC

电厂	容量 (p.u.)	暂态电抗 $ {X'_{\text{d}}} $(p.u.)	短路暂态时间常数T_j(p.u.)	直轴电抗 X_d(p.u.)
QSC电厂	4×10	0.246	7.760	1.934
DT电厂	2×6.6	0.334	6.712	2.496
SH电厂	2×6.6	0.300	7.140	2.080
XF电厂	1×6.6	0.297	6.940	2.059
QY电厂	2×3.5	0.265	6.240	2.171
HL电厂	1×6.6	0.200	9.620	1.800
XYJN电厂	2×3	0.223	5.560	1.800
GJW电厂	2×3	0.202	6.990	1.800
SQC电厂	2×3	0.229	5.260	1.800
XWZ电厂	2×6	0.297	6.940	2.059
YHP电厂	2×6	0.334	6.900	2.496
FXDC电厂	2×10	0.246	7.760	1.934
DTDC电厂	2×6	0.286	6.090	1.985

图 6 西北某地区直流近区电网结构

Fig.6 The structure of the DC nearby power grid in a certain area of Northwest China

表 2 不同机组Sij计算结果

Table 2 Sij calculation results of different units

电厂	提供短路容量 (p.u.)	电厂	提供短路容量 (p.u.)
QSC电厂	23.43	FXDC电厂	3.94
XWZ电厂	17.44	GJW电厂	3.35
YHP电厂	15.69	QY电厂	3.24
XF电厂	13.99	DTDC电厂	3.08
DT电厂	12.45	XYJN电厂	2.85
HL电厂	7.83	SQC电厂	2.84
SH电厂	7.47

表 3 电网具体开机方式

Table 3 Specific power grid startup mode 单位：台

电厂	开机方式1	开机方式2	开机方式3	开机方式4
QSC电厂	4	3	3	4
DT电厂	1	2	2	2
XWZ电厂	2	2	2	2
XF电厂	1	1	1	1
GJW电厂	1	1	2	2
SQC电厂	1	1	2	2
YHP电厂	2	2	2	2
SH电厂	1	1	1	1
XYJN电厂	1	1	1	1
HL电厂	1	1	1	1
QY电厂	2	2	2	2
FXDC电厂	2	2	2	2
DTDC电厂	2	2	2	2

表 4 断面极限功率计算结果

Table 4 Calculation results of section total transfer capability

算例	制约故障	本文计算结果(p.u.)	PSASP计算结果(p.u.)
1	交流故障	76.7	78.0
2	交流故障	75.4	77.0
3	直流故障	64.2	65.9
4	直流故障	68.3	69.6

图 7 PSASP安全稳定分析结果

Fig.7 PSASP security and stability analysis results

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基于短路容量量化评估的断面极限功率解析计算方法

An Analytical Calculation Method for Total Transfer Capability of Transmission Section Based on Evaluation of System Short Circuit Capability

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基于短路容量量化评估的断面极限功率解析计算方法

An Analytical Calculation Method for Total Transfer Capability of Transmission Section Based on Evaluation of System Short Circuit Capability

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