双向可逆的集中式电氢耦合系统容量优化配置

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202312101

中国电力 ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (8): 1-11.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202312101

• 基于氢能的电力系统灵活性提升技术 • 上一篇下一篇

双向可逆的集中式电氢耦合系统容量优化配置

冯兴(), 杨威(), 张安安, 张曦, 李茜, 雷宪章

西南石油大学电气信息学院，四川成都　610500

收稿日期:2023-12-28 出版日期:2024-08-28 发布日期:2024-08-24
作者简介:冯兴（1999—），男，硕士研究生，从事电氢耦合综合能源系统研究，E-mail：1501699446@qq.com
杨威（1990—），男，通信作者，副教授，从事电力系统优化调度，综合能源系统研究， E-mail：yangwei_scu@126.com
基金资助:
四川省科技计划项目（低碳经济视角下充换电负荷与分布式电源协同规划关键技术研究，2024YFHZ0104；“双碳”目标下水气风光蓄储多能互补能源基地规划与协同优化关键技术研究及示范，2023YFQ0073）。

Capacity Optimization Configuration of a Bidirectional Reversible Centralized Electrohydrogen Coupling System

Xing FENG(), Wei YANG(), Anan ZHANG, Xi ZHANG, Qian LI, Xianzhang LEI

School of electrical information, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China

Received:2023-12-28 Online:2024-08-28 Published:2024-08-24
Supported by:
This work is supported by Sichuan Science and Technology Program (Research on Key Technologies for Coordinated Planning of Charging and Swapping Loads and Distributed Power Pources from the Perspective of Low-Carbon Economy, No.2024YFHZ0104; Research and Demonstration of Key Technologies for Planning and Collaborative Optimization of Water, Gas, Wind, and Solar Energy Storage Multi-energy Complementary Energy Base under the "Dual Carbon" Goal, No.2023YFQ0073).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对风光富集地区大型新能源发电厂的弃风弃光问题，利用可逆固体氧化物燃料电池（reversible solid oxide fuel cell，RSOC）结合氢储能的双向转换特性消纳多余风光资源，提出一种双向可逆的集中式RSOC电氢耦合系统容量优化配置方法。首先构建集中式RSOC电氢耦合系统架构，建立发电系统、电氢转换系统等模型；其次考虑燃料电池特性建立RSOC性能衰减模型，考虑特高压通道可用传输能力不确定性生成典型场景；进而建立集中式RSOC双层容量规划模型，上层以运营期收益最大为目标优化RSOC、储氢库容量配置，下层以综合成本最低为目标优化各设备出力，联合粒子群算法与Cplex求解器进行求解。最后通过算例分析，验证RSOC的加入提高了系统经济性及环境效益，同时投资灵敏度分析表明电池单位容量成本是制约系统经济运行的重要因素。

关键词: 集中式电氢耦合系统, 可逆固体氧化物燃料电池, 容量规划, 氢储能, 性能衰减

Abstract:

In response to the problem of wind and light abandonment in large-scale new energy power plants in areas with abundant wind and solar energy, a bidirectional reversible centralized RSOC electric hydrogen coupling system capacity optimization configuration method is proposed by utilizing the reversible solid oxide fuel cell (RSOC) combined with the bidirectional conversion characteristics of hydrogen energy storage to absorb excess wind and solar resources. Firstly, construct a centralized RSOC electric hydrogen coupling system architecture, and establish models for power generation systems, electric hydrogen conversion systems, etc; Secondly, considering the characteristics of fuel cells, establish an RSOC performance degradation model, and generate typical scenarios considering the uncertainty of available transmission capacity of ultra-high voltage channels; Furthermore, a centralized RSOC double-layer capacity planning model is established. The upper layer optimizes the capacity configuration of RSOC and hydrogen storage with the goal of maximizing revenue during the operation period, while the lower layer optimizes the output of each equipment with the goal of minimizing comprehensive cost. The solution is solved by combining particle swarm optimization algorithm and CPLEX solver. Finally, through case analysis, it was verified that the addition of RSOC improved the system's economic and environmental benefits. At the same time, investment sensitivity analysis showed that the unit capacity cost of batteries is an important factor restricting the economic operation of the system.

Key words: centralized electro hydrogen coupling system, reversible solid oxide fuel cells, capacity planning, hydrogen energy storage, performance degradation

冯兴, 杨威, 张安安, 张曦, 李茜, 雷宪章. 双向可逆的集中式电氢耦合系统容量优化配置[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(8): 1-11.

Xing FENG, Wei YANG, Anan ZHANG, Xi ZHANG, Qian LI, Xianzhang LEI. Capacity Optimization Configuration of a Bidirectional Reversible Centralized Electrohydrogen Coupling System[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(8): 1-11.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202312101

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I8/1

图/表 15

图 1 集中式RSOC电氢耦合系统架构

Fig.1 Centralized RSOC electric-hydrogen coupled system architecture

图 2 通道可用传输能力抽样结果

Fig.2 Sampling results of channel available transmission capacity

表 1 算法相关参数

Table 1 Algorithm related parameters

最大速度		粒子数目		学习因子		惯性权重		最大迭代次数		SOFC 热效率		SOFC 电效率		SOEC 耗热系数		储氢装置充放效率		固定资产残值率/%		风机光伏寿命/ 年
10		20		1.5、2		0.4~0.9		40		0.25		0.56		0.4		0.98		5		20

图 3 算法流程图

Fig.3 Algorithm flowchart

表 2 主要环节价格

Table 2 Prices of main links

RSOC 投资成本/ (元·kW^–1)		储氢库投资成本/ (元·kg^–1)		设备运行维护成本/ (元·(kW·h)^–1)		氢气储存成本/ (元·(Nm³)^–1)		运输成本/(元·(Nm³)^–1)		氢气售卖价格/ (元·(Nm³)^–1)		氢制电增发电量收益/ (元·(kW·h)^–1)		余热利用收益/ (元·(kW·h)^–1)		特高压输电通道利用收益/ (元·(kW·h)^–1)
6000~8000		3000~5000		0.04~0.16		1~1.9		1.2~1.5（液），1.145~2.1（气）		3.5~5		0.14~0.22		0.25~0.4		0.02~0.12

图 4 典型日风光出力曲线

Fig.4 Typical daily wind power photoelectric output curve

图 5 方案迭代收敛情况

Fig.5 Iterative convergence of the scheme

表 3 4种方案指标对比

Table 3 Comparison of parameters of four schemes

方案	蓄电池/ MW	电解槽/ MW	RSOC/ MW	储氢库/t	投资成本/万元	弃风弃光量/ ((MW·h)·年^–1)	运营周期/ 年	投资回收期/年
1	11.3	0	0	0	5693.4	13285.7	4.0	0
2	0	12.8	0	6.4	6484.5	5683.2	8.0	7.2
3	0	0	12.2	5.1	18022.5	8304.4	8.8	7.6
4	0	0	14.6	6.2	21880.2	0.0	9.1	7.9

图 6 夏季系统功率平衡情况

Fig.6 System power balance in summer

图 7 典型日系统出力与制氢量

Fig.7 Typical daily system output and hydrogen production capacity

图 8 系统弃风弃光率与通道利用率

Fig.8 System wind and light rejection rate and channel utilization rate

表 4 系统年运行关键指标

Table 4 Key annual operating volumes of the system

总外送电量/ (MW·h)		氢产量/t		污染物减排量/t		余热回收量/ (MW·h)
117864.5		523.7		7524.3		14641.2

图 9 系统年收益与成本

Fig.9 Annual revenue and cost of the system

图 10 回收期灵敏度对比

Fig.10 Payback period sensitivity comparison

图 11 弃风弃光惩罚价格灵敏度对比

Fig.11 Comparison of price sensitivity for wind and light abandonment penalties

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最大速度		粒子数目		学习因子		惯性权重		最大迭代次数		SOFC 热效率		SOFC 电效率		SOEC 耗热系数		储氢装置充放效率		固定资产残值率/%		风机光伏寿命/ 年
10		20		1.5、2		0.4~0.9		40		0.25		0.56		0.4		0.98		5		20

最大速度		粒子数目		学习因子		惯性权重		最大迭代次数		SOFC 热效率		SOFC 电效率		SOEC 耗热系数		储氢装置充放效率		固定资产残值率/%		风机光伏寿命/ 年
10		20		1.5、2		0.4~0.9		40		0.25		0.56		0.4		0.98		5		20

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双向可逆的集中式电氢耦合系统容量优化配置

Capacity Optimization Configuration of a Bidirectional Reversible Centralized Electrohydrogen Coupling System

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双向可逆的集中式电氢耦合系统容量优化配置

Capacity Optimization Configuration of a Bidirectional Reversible Centralized Electrohydrogen Coupling System

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