考虑氢能储运特性的配电网集群划分与氢能系统选址定容策略

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202312016

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

电-氢能源系统（IEHS）的合理规划对能源结构转型具有重要意义，充分利用氢储能的可移动特性可降低IEHS综合成本，提出一种考虑氢能储运特性的配电网集群划分与氢能系统规划策略。首先，将氢能系统拆分为多个氢能子系统（HES），建立多个HES之间的气氢拖车交通运输及储运成本模型；其次，基于电力-交通网架结构与新能源分布情况提出配电网集群划分方法；最后，根据集群划分结果，建立HES双层选址定容模型，该模型以IEHS年综合成本最低为目标，分层解决单个集群内HES的容量配置问题、各集群内部HES选址定容及气氢拖车配置问题。结果表明：提出的策略可以减小氢能储运压力、降低IEHS综合成本，提升风、光消纳水平，加快系统潮流计算迭代收敛速度。

关键词: 电-氢能源系统, 氢储能, 集群优化, 双层选址定容, 风光消纳

Abstract:

The rational planning of integrated electricity-hydrogen system (IEHS) is of great significance to the transformation of energy structure. Making full use of the mobile characteristics of hydrogen energy storage may reduce the comprehensive cost of IEHS. Therefore, a distribution network cluster division and hydrogen energy system planning strategy considering the characteristics of hydrogen energy storage and transportation is proposed. Firstly, the hydrogen energy system is divided into multiple hydrogen energy subsystems (HES), and the transportation and storage cost model of gas-hydrogen trailer between HES is established. Secondly, based on the structure of power-transportation network and the distribution of new energy, the method of distribution network cluster division is proposed. Finally, according to the results of cluster division, the HES double-layer location capacity determination model is established. The model aims to minimize the annual comprehensive cost of IEHS, and solve the HES capacity allocation problem in a single cluster, the HES location capacity determination problem in each cluster and the gas-hydrogen trailer configuration problem in layers. The results show that the proposed strategy can reduce the pressure of hydrogen energy storage and transportation, reduce the comprehensive cost of IEHS, improve the absorption level of wind and light, and accelerate the iterative convergence rate of power flow calculation.

Key words: integrated electricity-hydrogen energy system, hydrogen energy storage, cluster optimization, double-layer location capacity determination model, consumption of wind and solar power

邱洁, 梁财豪, 朱永强, 夏瑞华. 考虑氢能储运特性的配电网集群划分与氢能系统选址定容策略[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(8): 12-22.

Jie QIU, Caihao LIANG, Yongqiang ZHU, Ruihua XIA. Cluster Configuration of Electric-Hydrogen Coupled Distribution Network Considering Hydrogen Energy Transport Characteristics[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(8): 12-22.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202312016

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I8/12

图/表 11

图 1 IEHS构成与HES工作流程

Fig.1 IEHS components and HES workflows

图 2 双层规划配置模型结构

Fig.2 Framework of bi-level planning model

图 3 双层规划模型求解流程

Fig.3 Flow chart of bi-level planning model

表 1 对照场景设置

Table 1 Contrast scene setting

场景编号	是否优化HES位置、容量	是否划分集群
1	否	否
2	否	是
3	是	否
4	是	是

图 4 电负荷与风电光伏日出力情况

Fig.4 Electricity load and wind power photovoltaic output for one day

图 5 一天中氢负荷需求曲线

Fig.5 Hydrogen demand load for one day

图 6 IEEE 33节点配电网集群划分结果

Fig.6 Results of IEEE 33-node distribution network cluster division

表 2 各场景下系统规划结果及成本对比

Table 2 Comparison of system planning results and cost in different scenarios

场景编号	HES接入节点编号	单处HT 数量/辆	HGT/ MW	电解槽/ MW	C_grid/万元			C_HES/万元		C_HT/万元	F/万元
场景编号	HES接入节点编号	单处HT 数量/辆	HGT/ MW	电解槽/ MW	C_buy	C_q	$C_{\rm CO_2} $	C_him	C_hom	C_HT/万元	F/万元
1	14/29/20	3	3/3/3	3/3/3	73.370	6.240	1.4330	1.500	1.35100	1.112	85.00600
2	14/29/20	2	3/3/3	3/3/3	71.450	5.930	1.1330	1.500	1.03200	0.893	81.93800
3	4/28/14/21	2	2/4/2/2	2/4/2/2	59.230	5.746	0.4881	1.832	0.66399	0.770	68.73009
4	4/29/21/24/14	2	2/3/3/2	2/3/3/2	58.834	5.331	0.3865	1.832	0.64868	0.732	67.76378

图 7 典型日内各个集群中HES出力情况

Fig.7 HES output of each cluster in a typical day

图 8 弃风光成本与HT运行成本

Fig.8 Abandonment cost and HT operating cost

图 9 各场景下模型收敛情况

Fig.9 Model convergence in each scenario

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