基于纵横交叉算法的新型电力系统惯量延迟优化控制策略

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202312029

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以同步发电机为主导的电力系统正在演变为以虚拟同步机（virtual synchronous generator，VSG）为主导的新型电力系统，电力系统的动态特性发生了重大变化。现阶段，绝大多数文献的研究场景是在无穷大电源的基础下，分析单机或多机并网系统的动态特性，对全部虚拟同步机为主导的电力系统动态特性研究较少。因此，先建立了全部虚拟同步机为主导的三机九节点系统的模型，通过微分方程仿真得到系统的动态特性曲线。然后，利用纵横交叉算法（crisscross optimization，CSO），延迟优化新型电力系统惯量，并与无优化控制系统作对比，在系统发生扰动后，优化后的系统振荡幅值变小，调节时间变小。最后，通过仿真验证了上述结论的正确性。

关键词: 三机九节点, 纵横交叉算法, 虚拟同步机, 延迟优化, 动态特性

Abstract:

The power system, traditionally dominated by synchronous generators, is evolving into a new power system where virtual synchronous generators (VSGs) take the lead. This transition results in significant changes in the system's dynamic characteristics. Currently, most literature focuses on analyzing the dynamic behaviors of standalone or multi-machine grid systems based on an assumption of infinite power supply, with limited research on the dynamic characteristics of new power systems dominated entirely by VSGs. Therefore, this study first builds a model of a three-machine, nine-node system where VSGs are the primary controllers and conducts transient simulations using differential equations. Subsequently, the crisscross optimization (CSO) algorithm is employed to optimize the inertia delay in the new power system. A comparison is made between the optimized control system and the non-optimized system. The results demonstrate that the optimized system exhibits reduced oscillation amplitude and shorter adjustment times after disturbances occur. Through simulations, the validity of the conclusions is verified.

Key words: three-machine, nine-node system, crisscross optimization (CSO), virtual synchronous generator (VSG), delay optimization, dynamic characteristics

王雪, 刘林, 刘文迪, 翟延鹏, 杨苓, 许方园, 高岩, 张纪欣. 基于纵横交叉算法的新型电力系统惯量延迟优化控制策略[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(7): 12-20.

Xue WANG, Lin LIU, Wendi LIU, Yanpeng ZHAI, Ling YANG, Fangyuan XU, Yan GAO, Jixin ZHANG. A Novel Inertia Delay Optimization Control Strategy for New Power Systems Based on Crisscross Optimization[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(7): 12-20.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202312029

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I7/12

图/表 10

图 1 VSG为主导的三机九节点系统

Fig.1 Three-machine nine-bus system dominated by VSG

图 2 VSG的拓扑结构

Fig.2 Topological structure of VSG

图 3 VSG的电路结构

Fig.3 Circuit structure of VSG

图 4 基于CSO算法的延迟控制策略原理

Fig.4 Principle of delay control strategy based on CSO algorithm

图 5 基于CSO的新型电力系统惯量延迟优化控制流程

Fig.5 Optimized control flowchart of new power system inertia delay based on CSO

表 1 新型电力系统的参数

Table 1 Parameters of new power system

参数		数值
P_VSG(p.u.)		1.0646, 1.6290, 0.8500
Q_VSG(p.u.)		0.7109, 0.6317, 0.3704
X_f(p.u.)		0.014
\|E₀\|(p.u.)		1.0200, 1.0190, 1.0152
δ₀(p.u.)		0.0145, 0.1166, 0.0409
ω₀(p.u.)		1, 1, 1
I_d0(p.u.)		1.0438, 1.5986, 0.8373
I_q0(p.u.)		–0.7191, –0.6610, –0.3765

图 6 新型电力系统动态特性的变化

Fig.6 Changes in dynamic characteristics of new power system

图 7 3台VSG的频率动态特性曲线

Fig.7 Frequency dynamic characteristic curves of three VSGs

图 8 3台VSG的功率动态特性曲线

Fig.8 Power dynamic characteristic curves of three VSGs

图 9 惯量延迟控制和惯量实时控制

Fig.9 Inertia delay control and real-time control

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