考虑富氧燃烧碳捕集技术和源荷双侧响应的综合能源系统优化调度

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202311046

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为降低燃气轮机的碳排放水平和提高灵活性，提出了计及富氧燃烧碳捕集技术和源荷双侧响应的综合能源系统低碳经济优化策略。首先，研究了富氧燃烧技术的运行原理及其能流特性，并构建空分制氧设备和碳捕集设备的耦合模型；其次，引入可调的热电比作为供给侧响应策略，需求侧对于电力、热能以及气负荷的特性进行综合权衡，借助能源价格的引导，并考虑其相互之间的可替代属性形成需求侧响应机制；最后，通过计及气负荷碳排放的阶梯式碳交易约束碳排放，以系统运行成本为目标优化各时段机组出力。设置多场景进行仿真分析，结果表明富氧燃烧碳捕集技术能够有效减少系统的碳排放量，源荷双侧响应能够灵活调节供给侧与需求侧的供能关系，并有效减少系统运行成本。

关键词: 富氧燃烧, 碳捕集, 可变热电比, P2G两阶段, 源荷双侧响应

Abstract:

In order to reduce the carbon emission level of gas turbines and improve their flexibility, this paper proposes a low-carbon economic optimization strategy for the integrated energy system that takes into account oxy-fuel combustion carbon capture technology and source-load bilateral response. Firstly, the operating principle and energy flow characteristics of oxy-fuel combustion technology were studied, and a coupling model of air separation oxygen production equipment and carbon capture equipment was constructed. Secondly, the adjustable heat-to-power ratio was introduced as a supply-side response strategy, and a comprehensive trade-off was made for the demand-side between the characteristics of electricity, heat energy and gas load, and a demand-side response mechanism was formed with the guidance of energy prices and considering their substitutable attributes with each other. Finally, through constraining the carbon emissions by tiered carbon trading with consideration of carbon emissions of gas load, the units output in each period was optimized with the system operating cost as the objective. Multiple scenarios were set up for simulation analysis, and the results show that the oxy-fuel combustion carbon capture technology can effectively reduce the carbon emissions of the system, and the source-load bilateral response can flexibly adjust the energy supply relationship between the supply side and the demand side, and effectively reduce the operating cost of the system.

Key words: oxy-fuel combustion, carbon capture, adjustable heat-to-power ratio, P2G two-stage, source-load bilateral response

杨海柱, 白亚楠, 张鹏, 李忠文. 考虑富氧燃烧碳捕集技术和源荷双侧响应的综合能源系统优化调度[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(8): 227-240.

Haizhu YANG, Yanan BAI, Peng ZHANG, Zhongwen LI. Integrated Energy System Optimal Dispatch Considering Oxy-Fuel Combustion Carbon Capture Technology and Source-Load Bilateral Response[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(8): 227-240.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202311046

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I8/227

图/表 19

图 1 综合能源系统架构

Fig.1 Integrated energy system structure

图 2 富氧燃烧碳捕集机组能流

Fig.2 Energy flow of oxy-fuel combustion carbon capture unit

表 1 系统相关系数

Table 1 System correlation coefficients

参数	数值	参数	数值
δ/((kW·h)·kg^–1)	0.0893^[29]	P_CCS,om/(元·kW^–1)	0.05
α	0.90^[6]	P_OCC,om/(元·kW^–1)	0.032
β/((kW·h)·m^–3)	0.303	P_ASO,om/(元·kW^–1)	0.05
P_OCC,max/kW	1000	P_P2G,om/(元·kW^–1)	0.035
P_OCC,max/kW	800	H_Q/(MJ·m^–3)	36
P_OS,max/m³	2000	h_cf/(元·(kW·h)^–1)	0.125
P_P2G,max/kW	500	$ \mu_{\rm CO_2} $/(元·kg^–1)	0.3
ω/(m³·kW^–1)	0.4	$S_{ \max }^{ \text{C}} $	0.95
$E_{\rm CO_2}^{\rm G}/(\rm kg\cdot (kW\cdot h)^{-1}) $	0.441	$\Delta P_{\max}^{\rm g}/ \rm kW $	200
b₁	–0.38^[24]	a₁	36^[24]
ψ/(kg·(m³·h)^–1)	0.2	c₁	0.0034^[24]

表 2 储能参数

Table 2 Energy storage parameters

设备	容量/kW	自损系数	充能效率	放能效率
蓄电池	500	0.020	0.96	0.96
蓄热罐	600	0.025	0.95	0.95
储氧罐	1000	0.010	0.99	0.99

表 3 分时交易电价

Table 3 Time-of-use electricity prices

购电/(元·(kW·h)^–1)	售电/(元·(kW·h)^–1)	时段
0.60	0.49	平时	07:00—10:00 14:00—16:00
1.10	0.76	峰时	11:00—13:00 17:00—22:00
0.30	0.29	谷时	23:00—07:00

图 3 系统功率预测

Fig.3 System power forecast

图 4 场景聚类削减结果

Fig.4 Scenario clustering reduction result

表 4 各场景系统运行成本

Table 4 Operating costs of each scenario

场景	成本/元							碳排放量/kg
场景	运维	购电	弃风弃光	购气	碳交易	碳封存	总计	气负荷	总计
1	1622.42	2730.98	123.32	22423.31	7597.07		34497.10	3987.20	20335.13
2	2227.34	2616.33	0	21356.95	3616.99	1377.90	31195.51	3987.20	8398.21
3	1883.14	2636.16	0	20686.76	2701.97	1257.99	29166.02	3987.20	6589.86
4	2072.77	2666.86	0	19935.49	2820.57	1011.46	28307.15	3987.20	6053.54

图 5 电负荷基本调度

Fig.5 Basic dispatch of electric load

图 6 富氧机组碳排放情况

Fig.6 Carbon emissions of oxy-fuel combustion units

图 7 富氧机组出力情况

Fig.7 Output of oxy-fuel combustion unit

图 8 机组出力对比

Fig.8 Comparison of unit output

图 9 场景3的热电比

Fig.9 Electricity-to-heat ratio in scenario 3

图 10 场景3氧气供求情况

Fig.10 Oxygen supply and demand in scenario 3

图 11 场景3热平衡情况

Fig.11 Thermal balance of scenario 3

图 12 P2G运行效率对系统的影响

Fig.12 The impact of P2G operating efficiency on the system

图 13 需求响应情况

Fig.13 Demand response situation

图 14 需求响应灵敏度分析

Fig.14 Demand response sensitivity analysis

表 5 不同需求响应下的用户用能满意度

Table 5 User satisfaction with different demand responses

子场景	运行成本/元	用户用能满意度/%
A	32166.02	100
B	30434.54	95.53
C	28262.85	98.62

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