Table of Content

20 June 2017, Volume 50 Issue 6

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Special Contribution

A Review of China’s Power Supply and Demand in 2016 and A Prediction in 2017

JIA Dexiang, WU Shanshan

2017, 50(6):  1-5.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.001.05

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The features of China’s electricity demand and supply in 2016 are analyzed and the power supply and demand situation in the year of 2017 are forecasted in the paper, based on which some suggestions are proposed to guarantee the electric power supply. Affected by the steady growth of the real economy, the uncommon hot summer weather and the low electricity consumption base for the same period last year, the power consumption in 2016 was characterized by increased year-on-year growth rate, persistent continuous power transformation and persistent adjustment of consumption structure, and the utilization hours of thermal power generation units reached the lowest in 52 years in China. It is predicted that China’s national electricity demand will reach 6 213~6 273 TW·h in 2017 with a year-on-year growth rate of 5.0%~6.0%; the net installed generation capacity will increase by 120 million kilowatts with the total installed generation capacity reaching 1.77 billion kilowatts by the end of 2017; the utilization hours of the thermal power generation units will rise to about 4 200 hours; and the electric power demand and supply will be in balance in China as a whole except for some local areas where power supply is insufficient, sub-regionally, the North China is deficient slightly in power supply, the East China, Central China and the South China are basically in balance between power demand and supply, while the Northeast, Northwest and Southwest have some surplus in power supply.

Double-Reheat Coal-Fired Power Generation Technology

Double-Reheat Coal-Fired Power Generation Technologies for 1 000-MW Ultra-Supercritical Units

GAO Song, ZHAO Jie, HUANG Dinan

2017, 50(6):  6-11.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.006.06

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To save primary energy, enhance environmental protection, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve the economic performance of power generation units, the Units 3 and 4 of Guodian Taizhou Power Plant Phase Ⅱ Project are independently developed, designed, manufactured and constructed as the demonstrative project of 1 000-MW ultra-supercritical coal-fired power generation technologies with double reheat cycles. This paper presents the general technical plans from the aspects of main parameter selection, boiler and steam turbine development, thermal system optimization, environmental protection technique integration and automatic control system development. The operation of the two units shows that the efficiency of the units have reached as high as 47.81% and 47.95% with the net coal consumption of 266.57 g/(kW·h) and 265.75 g/(kW·h) respectively. At the same time, the dust, SO₂ and NO_x emission concentrations have been reduced lower than 5 mg/m³, 35 mg/m³ and 50 mg/m³ under the standard state, meeting and being better than the requirements of ultra-low emission. The successful commission and stable operation of the demonstrative project has laid solid foundation for the future development of clean coal-fired power generation technologies with higher parameters and better efficiency, accumulated valuable experience for the construction of the units of the same type and improved the competitiveness of China’s coal-fired power generation technologies in the international market.

General Design of 1 000-MW Ultra-Supercritical Double-Reheat Demonstration Power Plant

YANG Guang, CHEN Renjie, ZHU Jiaqi

2017, 50(6):  12-16.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.012.05

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In order to promote the energy saving and emission reduction, the Guodian Taizhou Power Plant Phase Ⅱ Project is built as the demonstration project of 1 000-MW ultra-supercritical double-reheat coal-fired power generation units. In combination with the current technical levels of domestic coal-fired power plants and based on the comparison and analysis of foreign double-reheat coal-fired power generation units, this paper elaborates the selections of steam parameters and main equipments, the thermal system design, the auxiliary equipment selection and the air pollutant prevention design, etc. The practical operation of the demonstration project shows that the net coal consumption of the two units of this project has reached 266.57 g/(kW·h) and 265.75 g/(kW·h) respectively, while the dust, SO₂ and NO_x emission concentrations are lower than 5 mg/m³, 35 mg/m³ and 50 mg/m³ respectively in standard state, indicating that the project has played a good referential and demonstrative role for the efficient and clean coal-fired power generation construction.

Development and Application of HP Heater System for 1 000-MW Double Reheat Units

HAN Bin, XU Qinglei, HU Fang, ZHU Ling, ZHAO Minkai

2017, 50(6):  17-20.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.017.04

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In this paper, the HP heater system of the 1 000-MW double reheat unit, which is independently developed by Shanghai Electric Power Generation Equipment Co., Ltd., is introduced. The HP heater is designed and developed based on the concept of failure modes. By using the finite element analysis and the temperature field analysis, the pure converse-flowing structure is creatively exploited based on the typical three-heating-zone structure, a special high temperature resistant, Material 91, is selected, and the standards and design codes for specific companies are made. The application shows that the system has high operational economic efficiency, is easy to install and maintain and reaches the boundary conditions of the unit. The technologies introduced in this paper can be promoted and applied on other 660-MW or 1 000-MW units to produce great benefits both socially and economically.

The Development and Application of the Key DCS Technologies for 1 000-MW Double Reheat Ultra-Supercritical Units

HUANG Huanpao, YANG Guang, CUI Qingru

2017, 50(6):  21-26.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.021.06

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Based on the analysis of the difficulties in the control of double-reheat power generation units, the development of the key technologies of the distributed control system(DCS) for 1 000-MW double reheat ultra-supercritical(DRUSC) power generation units is presented, which involves the design and technical characteristics of DCS, the key control strategies and technologies for the coordinated control system, the steam temperature, the bypass system and the automatic plant startup and shutdown(APS). The application on the demonstration project shows that the performance of DCS is stable and reliable with the major indices meeting or better than the designed values. The whole-process automatic control from starting up to shutting down has been realized.

The Control Strategy of Main Steam Temperature for a 1 000-MW Double-Reheat Thermal Generation Unit and Its Application

CUI Qingru, NIU Haiming

2017, 50(6):  27-31.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.027.05

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Aim ing at the main steam temperature control of double-reheat units with time variation, large inertia and non-linearity, taking the characteristics of ultra-supercritical once-through boilers in consideration, the mechanism of the main steam temperature changing at the superheater outlet is studied. Then, a water spraying desuperheating control system is proposed based on the improved Smith predictor. The control strategies of the control system are designed for a 1 000-MW ultra-supercritical double-reheat tower-type boiler. The practical operation shows that the control system have effectively tackled the large delay and large inertia problems in the main steam temperature control of ultra-supercritical double-reheat units, improved the dynamic control qualities of the main steam temperature and at the same time alleviated the tuning difficulties.

Applications of NO_x and SO₂ Ultra-Low Emission Technologies for the 2×1 000 MW Double Reheat Units in Guodian Taizhou Power Plant

ZHANG Shishan, CHEN Zhenyu, ZHENG Peng, CHEN Ou, YANG Jianhui

2017, 50(6):  32-37.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.032.06

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In order to realize the ultra-low emission of NO_x and SO₂ in the flue gas, the eddy-mixing technology and the single tower with dual loop desulfurization technology are used in the SCR de-NO_x system and the flue gas desulfurization system respectively in the 2×1 000 MW ultra-supercritical coal-fired generating units of Guodian Taizhou Power Plant Phase Ⅱ Project. In this paper, the principles of the eddy-mixing technology and the single tower with dual loop desulfurization technology are introduced, and the design scheme and the implementation effect of the flue gas desulfurization and denitrification of the units are presented as well. The practical results show that by adopting these two technologies, the ultra-low emission of NO_x and SO₂ in the flue gas has been achieved with the removal efficiencies of 90.3% and 99.6% and the emission concentrations of 31 mg/m³ and 15 mg/m³, respectively, which are far below the national ultra-low emission limits, and even better than the emission level of gas turbines.

Construction and Operation of the 1 000-MW Ultra-Supercritical Double Reheat Unit in Taizhou Ⅱ

ZHANG Shishan, YANG Qin, YANG Hongqiang, ZHANG Sumin

2017, 50(6):  38-42.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.038.05

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This paper describes the type selection and parameter determination principles of the 1 000-MW double reheat coal-fired power generation units. Through studies and rigorous demonstration, as well as the promotion of major technological innovation programs and the implementation of the demonstration project, the paper explores the technical risk control and project management points in the construction of the units. It also introduces the key points in the micromanagement, the clean installation, the process quality management, and the precise debugging. Since the operation, the operation optimization and management of the project have been sustained to satisfy all performance index requirements. The construction and operation of the project are demonstratively helpful for improving the technical levels of China’s efficient clean coal power generation equipments and the clean coal utilization.

Study on Commissioning Management of the Ultra-Supercritical 1 000-MW Double Reheat Unit

YANG Hongqiang, DING Jianliang, GUAN Shipian

2017, 50(6):  43-48.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.043.06

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Since not many double reheat power generation units are in service in China, there is not enough practical experience about their commissioning that has been obtained. To regulate the management process of the double reheat unit commissioning and improve the commissioning techniques, the process of the commissioning management is studied on an ultra-supercritical 1 000-MW double reheat unit. In addition, aiming at single system commissioning and unit start-up commissioning, the project planning, QSHE control, quality control and schedule control are presented in detail with the working focuses put forward. The study result is helpful for conducting safe, good and efficient commissioning management on the units of the same type.

Power System

Preliminary Discussion on Wind Loads and Accreted Ice Loads of Transmission Lines for Developing Wind Power in the Arctic Regions

YANG Fengli, ZHANG Hongjie, LI Zheng, SONG Lili, QUAN Lihong

2017, 50(6):  49-55.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.049.07

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Based on the temperature data from ten International Exchange Stations and the varying trend of the boundary layer height determined by metrological model analysis, the reference wind pressure and the exposure factor in the Arctic regions were compared with those in mid-low latitude regions. The air density at -70 ℃ temperature is higher than the value at -10 ℃ temperature by 29.7%. At the average temperature in 20 years in a typical Arctic region(Karskoe More areas), the reference wind pressure is higher than the value at standard atmosphere pressure by 7.3% to 8.7%. The boundary layer height in the Arctic regions is higher than that in the mid-low latitude regions, which can induce the decrement of the exposure factor of wind pressure. If the effect of the boundary layer height is ignored, the exposure factor for wind pressure calculation is on the safety side. The typical load types of transmission lines in accreted ice areas of the Arctic areas were proposed. The static and dynamic analysis models for calculating ice loads of transmission lines in the Arctic regions were established. According to the climate feature of strong wind accompanying with extreme low temperature, the probabilistic combination method of wind load and accreted ice load based on IEC standard was suggested.

Research on Key Technologies of Series Resonant Type Fault Current Limiters for EHV Grid

LOU Baolei

2017, 50(6):  56-61.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.056.06

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The series resonant type fault current limiter is an effective mean to solve the excessive level of fault current of EHV grid, and the performance of capacitor bank by-pass device and the limiting depth are the key technologies that need to be studied for series resonant type fault current limiter. In this paper, combined with previous work, a study is made on the two technologies, and a new type of series capacitor bank bypass device and a variable impedance limiting reactor are proposed, which can effectively improve the limiting effects of series resonant type fault current limiter for EHV grid. Besides, the research status of fault current limiter for EHV grid is also reviewed, and the two technologies of series capacitor bank by-pass device and limiting depth are analyzed. An analysis of the principle, structure and performance of the new-type series capacitor bank bypass device shows that the new-type series bypass device has high performance in reliability, action speed, ampacity and economy. Finally, based on the principle and structure of variable impedance limiting reactor, a verification experiment is conducted, which shows that the impedance can increase by more than 100 times.

Integrated Assessment Index of Power Grid’s Weak Links by Considering Coherent Value at Risk

LUAN Xiang, YU Qun, HE Qing, CAO Na, YI Jun

2017, 50(6):  62-68.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.062.07

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The weak links of power grid directly influence the safe operation of power system. In order to identify the weak links, the paper proposes the index of coherent value at risk(CVaR), whose reliability has been proved by the simulation results of IEEE 39-bus system. Furthermore, The CVaR is compared with the commonly used self-organized criticality and effect risk entropy. Based on the comparison results, the fuzzy evaluation matrix is established through the standardization index. Meanwhile, an integrated assessment index is obtained by use of the objective entropy method and improved analytical hierarchy process. Finally, the integrated assessment index is applied to analysis of the Hunan power grid’s weak links. The results show that the integrated assessment index can clearly locate the weak links of power grid, and the assessment result can provide an instruction for planning power networks and a reference for formulating preventive measures.

Study on Planning Approach for Big Data Applications in Power Grid Supply Chain

SHANG Hao, LEI Ming, MA Haichao, LIU Junjie, ZHOU Ruoxin

2017, 50(6):  69-74.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.069.06

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In this paper a planning approach for big data applications is studied in the grid supply chain. Through data cleaning, data diagnosing, business requirement survey and business process analysis, a series of big data applications are designed on the strategy level, management level and operation level respectively. Then based on the static analysis of the blueprint, typical business scenarios are selected to present dynamic analysis. By using qualitative assessment methods, all applications are divided into four priority levels in the aspects of practical value and data feasibility. Meanwhile, we utilize the analytic hierarchy process to perform quantitative evaluation. Based on both qualitative and quantitative evaluation results, phases of the plan and the sequence of implementation are established for big data applications.

Joint Anti-Accident Exercises Platform Based on Distributed Collaborative Simulation of State Grid

WEI Wenhui, GE Rui, XIA Jihong, LI Qunshan, LI Guodong, LIN Chunlong, ZHAO Chengjie

2017, 50(6):  75-81.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.075.07

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UHV interconnected power grid has new features including close electrical connection and improved integration. To meet the needs of dispatchers and operators of nation-region-province power grid related to training and exercise of collaborative management and operation of UHV power grid, it is urgent to develop a distributed collaborative simulation and joint anti-accident exercise simulation platform of state grid. Taking wide area interconnection of Dispatcher Training Simulator(DTS) in nation-region-province power grid as target, an overall framework design of exercise platform is proposed, including design principles, system framework and application process based on smart grid dispatching control system. Some key technologies of integrated collaborative simulation, including interactive distributed simulation support platform, distributed collaborative production of joint training case, distributed collaborative simulation of multi-grade power grid, and distributed instructor support are discussed. A joint anti-accident exercise simulation platform is developed, implemented and verified of State Grid Coraporation of China. The application results show that multilevel DTS can simulate operation status of UHV AC/DC power grid in normal, abnormal and fault conditions. It also provides a realistic joint anti-accident exercise environment in UHV interconnected power grid which can effectively promote collaborative operation and management ability of large-scale power grid for provincial, regional and state power grid trainers.

Development of Electricity Supply-Demand Interactive Technology and Platform Based on Cyber-Physical System

LI Jianfeng, NIU Dongxiao, WU Qian, LI Bin, CHEN Songsong

2017, 50(6):  82-87.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.082.06

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In order to meet the development of the Energy Internet in the demand side and solve the problems of smart grid in electricity utilization, a new framework that satisfies the requirements of electricity supply-demand interaction is proposed in this paper. By applying the CPS modeling theory, the system architecture and the key node function of electricity supply-demand platform is designed. The interactive platform decouples the sensor, actuator and processing unit, and also extends information model of open ADR that is obtained from reverse project. The CPS platform designed under SGAM architecture can fully utilize the advantages of distributed intelligent units, and can well meet the requirements of multi-level controlling and optimization to support supply-demand interactive service.

Research on Three-Phase Bridgeless Power Factor Correction Circuit Based on One Cycle Control Strategy

WANG Junli, ZHANG Antang, NI Lei, LI Yanbin

2017, 50(6):  88-94.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.088.07

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There are several circuit topologies and control methods for traditional three-phase APFC(active power factor correction) converter. However, the rectifiers often use full-bridge, which results in low efficiency of the whole circuit, high input of current harmonics and complexity of the control methods. Based on single phase module, a novel one-cycle controlled three-phase bridgeless PFC circuit is established through paralleling two-phase bridgeless Boost PFC circuits by autotransformer. In order to reduce the coupling interference between two paralleling circuits, the discrete elements are added to achieve the independent control of the two paralleling circuits. Simulation and experiment have proved the correctness of the proposed system. The new circuit can achieve high power factor, and the bridgeless scheme is helpful to raise the total efficiency of the circuit. Simple in control, the one-cycle control strategy can simplify the circuit structure.

Power Quality Transient Disturbance Detection Based on Improved QPSO Morphological Filter

SHENG Siqing, WANG Jiaqi

2017, 50(6):  95-100.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.095.06

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A morphological filter based on improved quantum particle swarm optimization (QPSO) algorithm is proposed for power quality transient disturbance detection. Firstly, the quantum particle swarm optimization algorithm is improved. Particle position is initialized by chaos sequence to improve global optimization ability, and the mutation operator is introduced to avoid premature convergence. Then, the improved algorithm is applied to adaptive optimization of structural elements of morphological filter, which is combined with characteristics of structural elements to find out the best structural elements of the attributes to improve the filtering ability. Through simulation experiment of containing complex and changeful environment noise, voltage swell, voltage sag, voltage interruption phenomenon of transient interference constructed and performance of the improved filter is researched. Compared with the experimental results, it is proved that proposed method is fast and accurate. Compared with traditional filtering method, it also improves reliability of power quality disturbance detection.

Research on Reactive Power Coordination Control Strategy for Back to Back Hybrid-HVDC System

WANG Zhen, JIANG Bisong, YANG Zhizhong, GUO Chunyi, LI Jinwei, CHEN Huan, GUO Jianbao

2017, 50(6):  101-107.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.101.07

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Low-load reactive power control function of conventional HVDC creates large firing angle or extinction angle of HVDC converter, which increases converter valve stress and power losses. Extinction angle backup control function of LCC-HVDC also leads to system status change and induce power fluctuations. In order to reduce those negative impacts, a reactive power coordinated control strategy for back to back hybrid-HVDC system based on Yunnan asynchronous interconnection project, using fast and precise reactive power control ability of MMC, is proposed. A electromagnetic transient model of Yunnan asynchronous interconnection project is build in PSCAD / EMTDC to verify effectiveness of proposed control strategy.

Manufacture and Application of the Fully-Enclosed Self-Assembly Building for UHV GIS Installation

LIU Jiannan, TIAN Wenmin, ZHANG Guoqiang, YAN Guozeng, NI Xiangping, BIAN Xiujie

2017, 50(6):  108-112.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.108.05

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The fully-enclosed self-assembly building is a new sort of facility for outdoor UHV GIS installation, which creates a fully enclosed environment and overcomes the adverse influence of external environment. Hence it can ensure high quality of GIS installation, improve the installation efficiency, and provide good working environment. This paper mainly introduces the development background, basic structure, application mode, engineering application state and social economic benefits of the self-assembly building, which have been successfully used in Anhui-East project and Zhebei-Fuzhou project. Seeing its excellent application outcome, we have decided to popularize the installation of self-assembly building in all the subsequent UHV AC projects in China.

Numerical Study of Protection Strategy by Using Mechanical Ventilation in Electric Cable Tunnel Fires

ZHANG Jiaqing, FAN Minghao, LI Wei, WANG Liufang, WU Haicheng, WANG Shuping

2017, 50(6):  113-119.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.113.07

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The large eddy simulation was adopted in this study, to inveterate the protection strategy by using mechanical ventilation in electric cable tunnel fires. The results indicated that appropriate longitudinal ventilation could return the fire environment of ventilated side of the tunnel to the initial level, to make it suitable for firefighters to enter the scene to put out the fire. A transverse tunnel ventilation is conducive to decrease the overall tunnel fire risk greatly, and is suitable for protection of tunnel structure and equipment, when the firefighters could not reach the fire. In addition, it was found that the effects of tunnel longitudinal ventilation on the protection of tunnels in lower ventilation conditions were limited, and even exacerbate the fire risk of the tunnel. The transverse ventilation in larger exhaust air velocity conditions may cause smoke aspiration, and resulted in combustion instability.

Energy Conservation and Environmental Protection

Comparison on the Technical Routes of Zero Liquid Discharge of Fossil-Fired Power Plants and Analysis on the Influencing Factors

ZHANG Jiangtao, CAO Hongmei, DONG Juan, GUO Pengfei, WEI Jilin, WANG Hongbin

2017, 50(6):  120-124.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.120.05

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The implementation of zero liquid discharge(ZLD) of fossil-fired power plants is becoming inevitable in compliance with the national environmental policy. ZLD of fossil-fired power plants is divided into two stages, i.e., advanced water-saving and terminal wastewater solidification. This article analyzes the advanced water-saving technical routes and proposes the existing problems in various types of power plants. Meanwhile, the article conducts the technical and economical comparison on the current terminal wastewater solidification methods. By taking account of multiple influencing factors, such as ultra low emission of flue gas pollutants, desulfurization process water quality, desulfurization wastewater quality and quantity, corrosion and fouling of circulating water system, etc., the article also puts forward some suggestions on the determination of ZLD route for fossil-fired power plants.

Cause Analysis and Countermeasures on Difficulties in Dehydration of Desulfurized Gypsum

SHEN Jian, DONG Qiangqiang, HUANG Jianwen

2017, 50(6):  125-129.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.125.05

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Since the desulfurization system was put into operation in Heyuan Power Plant, the rise of moisture content of desulfurized gypsum have been observed several times with the maximum value as much as 50%, which has severely affected the dehydration, storage, transportation and utilization of the gypsum. In consideration of the design and operation of the desulfurization system, the probable causes are analyzed and finally the root cause is identified as the scale inhibitor in the drainage of the circulating water which is supplemented to the desulfurization process water. By replacing the process water temporarily and adding gypsum crystal seeds, the gypsum quality deterioration is now under control. Furthermore, by removing the scale inhibitor from the circulating water drainage, the problem has been completely solved. Consequently, the original water balance of the power plant is recovered with normal gypsum quality and zero wastewater discharge, and the technical level of environmental protection and the economic efficiency of the power plant are all improved.

The Inadequacies and Improvement Suggestions of Technical Testing Specifications for Honeycomb-Type DeNO_x Catalysts

YAO Jie, ZHUANG Ke, LIU Tao, JIN Dingqiang, WU Bijun

2017, 50(6):  130-134.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.130.05

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To ensure the normal operation of DeNO_x system, it is necessary to evaluate the DeNO_x catalysts performance for coal-fired power plants. In this paper, the inadequacies in the related standards, i.e. Honeycomb-Type DeNO_x catalysts(GB/T 31587-2015) and Testing Guideline of SCR Catalyst for Thermal Power Plants(DL/T 1286-2013), are discussed regarding those inconsistent with the practical situations. In order to improve the honeycomb-type SCR DeNO_x catalyst performance testing, suggestions are put forward in this paper such as supplementing testing on the dispersion uniformity of the active components on the catalyst surface, weakening the ammonia slip testing, etc. It is also advised to improve the quantified indices for SO₂/SO₃ conversion rate evaluation and establish the specifications for testing equipments and samples.

New Energy

Non-Isolated Photovoltaic Grid Inverter Island Detection Method

WANG Zhouhong, HONG Lei, REN Ying, XIE Huili

2017, 50(6):  135-139.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.135.05

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The traditional non-isolated photovoltaic(PV) grid inverter island detection methods has strong limitation and instable performance. A new island detection method based on frequency shift theory is proposed. Islanding causes and detection specificationare analyzed in detail in order to build detection model. The islanding detection circuit proposed in the model is based on frequency shift theory. The voltage and frequency signal of inverters are collected after active jamming to identify inverters with islanding effect. After detection, the model circuit chip is called to cut inverter output and prevent spread of islanding. The experimental results show that the proposed method has strong ability to detect islanding. It is a good supplement of islanding detection blind area.

Research of Wind Power Integration Based on Power World

YAO Gang, ZHAO Xiangyu, HE Xianqiang, HUANG Xiaoxu, ZHU Luofang

2017, 50(6):  140-145.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.140.06

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An optimum scheme for wind power integration based on U-Q sensitivity and static security analysis is proposed. By using Power World software, optimal wind power integration scheme is obtained with proposed method. The feasibility of obtained result is verified from comparing both voltage stability and static security among various candidates. Simulation results show the efficiency and reliability of proposed method. The visualization software used during process also improves usability. The optimization of wind power integration can improve both system voltage stability and static security at the same time.

Reliability Evaluation of Power Generation System with Wind Power and Reactive Power Balance

LU Jia

2017, 50(6):  146-151.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.146.06

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The reliability evaluation model of wind farm is established. The influence of reactive power on the reliability assessment of power systems with wind farms is analyzed. The influence ofactive power shortage, reactive power shortage and voltage violation on power system reliability are introduced. Filtered by fault cutoff method, three stages of load-shedding strategies are adoptedin reliability analysis from both active and reactive power aspects. The third stage load shedding strategy has ability to determine the best location for reactive power compensation. The voltage violation can be reduced effectively by changingload shedding tolocal reactive power compensation.System reliability is analyzed based on maximum absorptive capacity of wind power integration. Calculation results on a 220 kV system validates proposed strategy.

Technology and Economics

The Technical and Economic Analysis on New Energy Mainly Transmitted by UHV DC Channels

ZHANG Jinfang, ZHENG Kuan, HUANG Han, Li Nan, FENG Junshu, LIU Jun

2017, 50(6):  152-157.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.152.06

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By UHV DC transmission channels, renewable energy in western and northern China delivered in hybrid mode with different type power sources complement, especially in main or whole new energy sending modes, would play an important role in supporting national renewable energy scientific development and efficient consumption. Combined with UHV DC power running control mode, a mathematical model including supporting power and transmission channel characteristic is created. A tentative plan to transmit renewable energy as main senderby UHV DC Channels is proposed. Based on new energy output characteristic in sending region and load features in receiving region features, the transmission characteristic curve is calculated. Technical and economic analysis is performed based on practical engineering project. The results show that by usingthermal power to meet minimum operating power requirements of UHV DC, transmissionof wind and solar power in high proportion in UHV DC channel is both economically and technical feasible.

Analysis Framework and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation of Smart Grid Function and Form Upgrade Needs

DAI Xianzhong, WANG Yang, BAI Cuifen, YANG Fang, JIN Xiaoling, ZHOU Jianqi, YU Jialin, ZHAO Lu

2017, 50(6):  158-164.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.158.07

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The third industrial evolution and new round of energy evolution is emerging. Smart grid plays an important role in undertaking and promoting this process. A new method to analysis and evaluate smart grid function and form upgrade needs is proposed. Under third industrial evolution and new round of energy evolution, analysis framework of smart grid function and form upgrade needs in aspect of strategic positioning, functional requirements and form upgrade requirements is constructed. An evaluation index system of smart grid function and form upgrade needs is also built. A fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of smart grid function and form upgrade needs is constructed and index weights are determined by using expert knowledge, AHP and entropy method. Finally, using results obtained from practical cases, future development direction and key fields of smart grid to support third industrial evolution and new round energy evolution are described.

Research on the Application of UPQC in Power Quality Control of Electric Vehicle Charging Station

GONG Cheng, WANG Wei, MA Longfei, ZHANG Baoqun, JIAO Ran, DING Yifeng, CHEN Jianshu, YANG Shuo

2017, 50(6):  165-171.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.165.07

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Electric vehicle charging brings a series of power quality problems including voltage fluctuation, harmonic increase and phase imbalance. An application scheme of Unified Power Quality Controller (UPQC) is put forward to solve these problems. Based on mathematical model of UPQC in two-phase stationary axis, voltage control unit based on dual PI loop controller and current control unit with state feedback single loop PI controller are designed. PI parameter settings are determined based on controller transfer function. A 20 kW prototype of UPQC is developed based on proposed research results. The experiment results show that the application of UPQC can improve power quality of electric vehicle charging equipment.

Grey Correlation Analysis of Power Demand in Beijing Based on Smarter Energy

CHI Yuanying, LIU Lei, Qi Ji, WANG Xinying

2017, 50(6):  172-176.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.172.05

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With increasingly prominent of energy and environmental problems, energy reform is gradually advancing. Electric demand analysis is an important part in energy reform. There are various factors has influence on power demand change. It is very important to analysis future trends and influence of those factors. Grey correlation analysis is used to analyze main factors related to power demand in Beijing. From collected data in years 2002-2014, several indexes based on economic, social, scientific and cultural levelare selected to calculate absolute, relative and comprehensive correlation degree among impact factors and power consumption in whole society. The results show that compared with economic, social and cultural factors, science and technology has the most significant impact on power consumption.

Purchasing Strategy Model for Power Supplier Based on the Cooperative Game Theory in An Open Electricity Market

ZHANG Chen, HAN Xinyang, BAI Cuifen, HU Bo, CHAI Yufeng, ZHOU Jianqi

2017, 50(6):  177-184.  DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.2017.06.177.08

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With further deepening reform of electricity market, electricity retail side is gradually liberalized. Emergence of electricity retailers changesoriginal integrated business model. Electricity retailer will be the main economic entities whocompetes in electricity sale market. Power trading Contracts for Difference (CFDs) are explained in deatail. Generation price and production behavior are also analyzed under CFD theory. To discuss the purchase strategy of electricity retail under CFD model, scenario analysis is performed to simulateelectricity sale under bothcooperative and non-cooperative scenarios. The interests of electricity retailers are discussed under the case of alliance formation. A sale equilibrium model of cooperation profit among electricity supplier alliance is constructed by using Shapley value method. Additional studies are performed on profit allocation among different electricity supplier.