The connotation, characteristics and construction ideas of the new rural energy system

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202508059

Abstract

Abstract:

The new rural energy system is the intersection of the two major strategies of green and low-carbon energy transition and rural revitalization. Clarifying its connotation and construction ideas has the theoretical value for achieving high-quality development. Based on an analysis of the development history and current situation of rural energy, combined with the evolution process of the energy system and the demands of agricultural and rural modernization, this paper proposes connotative characteristics of the new rural energy system, including green and low carbon, simplicity and timeliness, multi-energy integration, intelligence and appropriateness, rule-abiding harmony, and common prosperity. Aiming at the existing problems in the current rural energy system in terms of consumption structure, supply-demand coordination, utilization forms, technical system, governance system, and achievement sharing, the ideas, measures, and key technologies for constructing the new rural energy system are put forward.

Key words: new energy system, rural energy, agricultural and rural modernization

WANG Peng, SHI Zebang, LIU Hongtao. The connotation, characteristics and construction ideas of the new rural energy system[J]. Electric Power, 2026, 59(6): 1-12.

Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

URL: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202508059

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/EN/Y2026/V59/I6/1

Figures/Tables 6

Fig.1 Electricity consumption for domestic use by urban and rural residents in China from 2009 to 2022

Fig.2 Energy consumption by category in rural China from 2008 to 2022

Fig.3 Quantity of solar thermal utilization installations in rural China from 2008 to 2023

Fig.4 Quantity of biogas production and installations in rural China from 2008 to 2023

Fig.5 New energy installed capacity in rural China from 2016 to 2024

Fig.6 Logical relationship of six key characteristics of the new rural energy system

References 68

1	李贝, 田云, 王庆. 中国农村碳排放区域差异演变与公平性探讨[J]. 华中农业大学学报(社会科学版), 2024 (3): 25- 37.
	LI Bei, TIAN Yun, WANG Qing. Evolution of regional differences and equity of rural carbon emissions in China[J]. Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University (Social Sciences Edition), 2024 (3): 25- 37.
2	郑棣, 王丽程, 王娟. 能源绿色转型促进农业新质生产力发展: 基于结构变迁与效率变革视角[J]. 农村经济, 2025 (2): 96- 105.
	ZHENG Di, WANG Licheng, WANG Juan. Energy green transition promotes the development of agricultural new-quality productive forces: from the perspective of structural change and efficiency transformation[J]. Rural Economy, 2025 (2): 96- 105.
3	夏荣立, 石诚, 王程. 农村电网改造升级问题与建议[J]. 中国工程咨询, 2024 (10): 104- 107.
	XIA Rongli, SHI Cheng, WANG Cheng. Issues and recommendations for rural grid renovation and upgrading[J]. China Engineering Consultants, 2024 (10): 104- 107.
4	王延杰, 黎清姚, 张震业, 等. 新型电力系统下的农村电网特征与规划关键技术[J]. 电工技术, 2024 (S1): 348- 350.
	WANG Yanjie, LI Qingyao, ZHANG Zhenye, et al. Research on the characteristics and key technologies of modern rural power grid in the new era[J]. Electric Engineering, 2024 (S1): 348- 350.
5	廖华. 中国农村居民生活用能现状、问题与应对[J]. 北京理工大学学报(社会科学版), 2019, 21 (2): 1- 5.
	LIAO Hua. Residential energy consumption in rural China: situation, problems and solutions[J]. Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology (Social Sciences Edition), 2019, 21 (2): 1- 5.
6	崔安军. 新能源农业装备对农村可持续发展的影响研究[J]. 中国农机装备, 2025 (2): 137- 139.
	CUI Anjun. Study on impact of new energy agricultural equipment on rural sustainable development[J]. China Agricultural Machinery Equipment, 2025 (2): 137- 139.
7	冯凯辉, 李琼慧, 黄碧斌, 等. 中国农村能源发展关键问题[J]. 中国电力, 2022, 55 (6): 1- 8.
	FENG Kaihui, LI Qionghui, HUANG Bibin, et al. Key issues on rural energy development in China[J]. Electric Power, 2022, 55 (6): 1- 8.
8	王燕红. 我国农村能源转型的成就、问题及对策[J]. 资源与人居环境, 2022 (11): 51- 55.
	WANG Yanhong. Achievements, issues, and countermeasures in China's rural energy transition[J]. Resources and Habitant Environment, 2022 (11): 51- 55.
9	麻明可, 吕庆雪, 关法春. 东北地区农村能源生态农宅改造模式分析: 以太阳能+空气能+节能建筑改造为例[J]. 能源研究与利用, 2024 (4): 25- 28.
	MA Mingke, LV Qingchun, GUAN Fachun. Analysis of rural energy ecological housing renovation models in northeast China: a case study of solar energy + air Energy + energy-efficient building renovation[J]. Energy Research & Utilization, 2024 (4): 25- 28.
10	黄华杰, 文军, 张健军, 等. 广西农村沼气设施利用现状及发展对策[J]. 现代农业科技, 2025 (4): 172- 177.
	HUANG Huajie, WEN Jun, ZHANG Jianjun, et al. Utilization status of biogas facilities in rural areas of Guangxi and its development strategies[J]. Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, 2025 (4): 172- 177.
11	王晓蕾. 宁夏农村新能源开发现状与对策[J]. 农村科学实验, 2024 (22): 39- 41.
	WANG Xiaolei. The current status and countermeasures of new energy development in rural Ningxia[J]. Rural Scientific Experiment, 2024 (22): 39- 41.
12	霍倩男, 田昕, 牛寅平, 等. 北京市农村生活用能现状及实施清洁供暖的建议[J]. 暖通空调, 2025, 55 (5): 138- 144.
	HUO Qiannan, TIAN Xin, NIU Yinping, et al. Current situation of energy consumption in rural areas of Beijing and suggestions for implementing clean heating[J]. Heating Ventilating & Air Conditioning, 2025, 55 (5): 138- 144.
13	胡晓燕, 包晓斌, 佘宗昀. 农村新型能源体系建设的挑战与对策[J]. 中国国土资源经济, 2024, 37 (11): 54- 62, 89.
	HU Xiaoyan, BAO Xiaobin, SHE Zongyun. Challenges and countermeasures for building a new rural energy system[J]. Natural Resource Economics of China, 2024, 37 (11): 54- 62, 89.
14	唐巍, 王照琪, 张璐. 绿色低碳能源转型背景下的新型乡村能源体系形态特征与关键技术[J]. 供用电, 2024, 41 (8): 88- 99.
	TANG Wei, WANG Zhaoqi, ZHANG Lu. Morphological characteristics and key technologies of new-type rural energy system under low-carbon energy transformation[J]. Distribution & Utilization, 2024, 41 (8): 88- 99.
15	国家统计局农村社会经济调查总队. 中国农村统计年鉴-2001[M]. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2001.
16	国家统计局农村社会经济调查司. 中国农村统计年鉴-2023[M]. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2023.
17	国家统计局能源统计司. 中国能源统计年鉴-2023[M]. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2024.
18	国家统计局. 中国统计年鉴-2024[M]. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2025.
19	中国电力企业联合会. 中国电力统计年鉴-2010[M]. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2010.
20	中国电力企业联合会. 中国电力统计年鉴-2023[M]. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2023.
21	国家统计局能源统计司. 中国能源统计年鉴-2010[M]. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2011.
22	国家统计局能源统计司. 中国能源统计年鉴-2022[M]. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2023.
23	国家统计局农村社会经济调查司. 中国农村统计年鉴-2009[M]. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2009.
24	国家统计局农村社会经济调查司. 中国农村统计年鉴-2024[M]. 北京: 中国统计出版社, 2024.
25	王鹏, 喻译, 赵艺涵, 等. 基于纳什谈判的光伏产消者与共享储能协同参与市场优化策略[J]. 电网技术, 2025, 49 (2): 642- 652.
	WANG Peng, YU Yi, ZHAO Yihan, et al. Optimization strategy for collaborative market participation of photovoltaic prosumers and shared energy storage based on Nash bargaining[J]. Power System Technology, 2025, 49 (2): 642- 652.
26	姚美娇. 充电桩加速“下乡”[N]. 中国能源报, 2024-12-09(11).
27	马艳, 祁晓玲. 筑牢技术“护城河” 中国新能源汽车进阶全球创新高地[N]. 中国工业报, 2025-06-23(11).
28	谢克昌. 面向2035年我国能源发展的思考与建议[J]. 中国工程科学, 2022, 24 (6): 1- 7.
	XIE Kechang. China's energy development for 2035: strategic thinking and suggestions[J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2022, 24 (6): 1- 7.
29	卢纯. 开启我国能源体系重大变革和清洁可再生能源创新发展新时代: 深刻理解碳达峰、碳中和目标的重大历史意义[J]. 人民论坛·学术前沿, 2021 (14): 28- 41.
	LU Chun. Opening a new era of major changes in China's energy system and innovative development of clean and renewable energy: deeply understanding the great historical significance of the targets of carbon peak and carbon neutralization[J]. Frontiers, 2021 (14): 28- 41.
30	杰里米·里夫金. 第三次工业革命: 新经济模式如何改变世界[M]. 北京: 中信出版社, 2012.
31	RAJAN P, JEEVANANTHAN S. Toward energy sustainability: domestic power station, tariff acquiescent EMS, and procedure to rejuvenate petrol scooter into electric scooter for accelerated participation of rural consumers in energy demand management[J]. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 2023, 11 (4): 4442- 4452.
32	陈郑平, 李文忠, 陈飞雄, 等. 分布式资源助力新型电力系统灵活性提升研究综述[J]. 电力工程技术, 2025, 44 (2): 145- 159.
	CHEN Zhengping, LI Wenzhong, CHEN Feixiong, et al. Summary of research on improving the flexibility of new power systems with distributed resources[J]. Electric Power Engineering Technology, 2025, 44 (2): 145- 159.
33	安洪光. 加快规划建设新型能源体系统筹推进碳达峰碳中和[J]. 中国电力企业管理, 2022 (34): 12- 16.
	AN Hongguang. Accelerate the planning and construction of a new energy system coordinate the promotion of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality[J]. China Power Enterprise Management, 2022 (34): 12- 16.
34	邹才能, 马锋, 潘松圻, 等. 世界能源转型革命与绿色智慧能源体系内涵及路径[J]. 石油勘探与开发, 2023, 50 (3): 633- 647.
	ZOU Caineng, MA Feng, PAN Songqi, et al. Global energy transition revolution and the connotation and pathway of the green and intelligent energy system[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2023, 50 (3): 633- 647.
35	李俊彪. “双碳”目标下建设新型能源体系的思考与建议[J]. 煤炭经济研究, 2023, 43 (9): 54- 61.
	LI Junbiao. Relevant thoughts and suggestions on building a new energy system under the goal of "carbon peak and carbon neutrality"[J]. Coal Economic Research, 2023, 43 (9): 54- 61.
36	王颜齐, 张佳宁. “双碳”目标下农户兼业与农村生活能源消费转型[J]. 农业经济与管理, 2024 (1): 56- 67.
	WANG Yanqi, ZHANG Jianing. Farmers' dual employment and transformation of rural household energy consumption under "dual carbon" goal[J]. Agricultural Economics and Management, 2024 (1): 56- 67.
37	LAURIN M D O, SELVAKKUMARAN S, AHLGREN E O, et al. Are decarbonization strategies municipality-dependent? Generating rural road transport pathways through an iterative process in the Swedish landscape[J]. Energy Research & Social Science, 2024, 114, 103570.
38	郑德志. 新型能源体系下煤炭功能定位与发展路径研究[J]. 煤炭经济研究, 2023, 43 (12): 36- 41.
	ZHENG Dezhi. Research on the function orientation and development path of coal under the new energy system[J]. Coal Economic Research, 2023, 43 (12): 36- 41.
39	彭金山. 农耕文化的内涵及对现代农业之意义[J]. 西北民族研究, 2011 (1): 145- 150.
	PENG Jinshan. The connotation of farming culture and its inspirations to modern agriculture[J]. Northwestern Journal of Ethnology, 2011 (1): 145- 150.
40	刘钟淇, 肖晋宇, 吴佳玮, 等. 农村零碳能源系统构建框架研究[J]. 可再生能源, 2023, 41 (4): 538- 545.
	LIU Zhongqi, XIAO Jinyu, WU Jiawei, et al. Research in construction of zero-carbon rural energy system[J]. Renewable Energy Resources, 2023, 41 (4): 538- 545.
41	赵子微, 胡蕴赟. 实施以人为本的新型城镇化战略能否缓解家庭能源贫困[J]. 广东财经大学学报, 2025, 40 (1): 93- 111.
	ZHAO Ziwei, HU Yunyun. Can a people-centered new urbanization strategy alleviate household energy poverty[J]. Journal of Guangdong University of Finance & Economics, 2025, 40 (1): 93- 111.
42	王伟, 王芬. 城乡融合发展助推低碳村镇建设的实践思考[J]. 农业经济, 2024 (6): 120- 122.
	WANG Wei, WANG Fen. Practical considerations on promoting low-carbon town and village development through integrated urban-rural development[J]. Agricultural Economy, 2024 (6): 120- 122.
43	ODOI-YORKE F, ABBEY A A, ABAASE S, et al. Evaluation of research progress and trends in mini-grids for rural electrification: a bibliometric analysis[J]. Energy Reports, 2024, 12, 4083- 4104.
44	王耀华, 李晓纯, 杨宇, 等. 全球能源转型与地缘环境的交互关系[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58 (12): 1- 13.
	WANG Yaohua, LI Xiaochun, YANG Yu, et al. Interactions between global energy transition and geopolitical environment[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58 (12): 1- 13.
45	汲国强, 段金辉, 吴姗姗, 等. 2026年及“十五五”全国电力供需形势分析展望[J]. 中国电力, 2026, 59 (2): 13- 23.
	JI Guoqiang, DUAN Jinhui, WU Shanshan, et al. Analysis and outlook on national power supply-demand situation for 2026 and the 15th Five-Year Plan period[J]. Electric Power, 2026, 59 (2): 13- 23.
46	夏学禹. 论中国农耕文化的价值及传承途径[J]. 古今农业, 2010 (3): 88- 98.
	XIA Xueyu. On the value and descending routes of farming culture[J]. Ancient and Modern Agriculture, 2010 (3): 88- 98.
47	牛文涛, 董安洞, 陈晓. 基于演化博弈的中国乡村能源转型多主体协同机制研究[J]. 管理现代化, 2024, 44 (6): 1- 16.
	NIU Wentao, DONG Andong, CHEN Xiao. Research on multi-subject synergy mechanism of energy transition in Chinese countryside based on the evolutionary gam[J]. Modernization of Management, 2024, 44 (6): 1- 16.
48	杨静慧, 张雨龙. 新发展阶段我国能源贫困的识别与测度: 基于CFPS数据的实证研究[J]. 学习与实践, 2023 (2): 82- 90.
	YANG Jinghui, ZHANG Yulong. Identification and measurement of China's energy poverty in the new development stage: an empirical study based on CFPS[J]. Study and Practice, 2023 (2): 82- 90.
49	王萍, 高建红, 张亚欣, 等. 农户实现生活能源“碳达峰”的路径分析[J]. 统计与决策, 2023, 39 (10): 65- 69.
	WANG Ping, GAO Jianhong, ZHANG Yaxin, et al. Analysis of the pathways for rural households to achieve carbon peaking in domestic energy use[J]. Statistics & Decision, 2023, 39 (10): 65- 69.
50	陈维江, 靳晓凌, 吴鸣, 等. 双碳目标下我国配电网形态快速演进的思考[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2024, 44 (17): 6811- 6818.
	CHEN Weijiang, JIN Xiaoling, WU Ming, et al. Thinking on the rapid evolution of distribution network form under the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2024, 44 (17): 6811- 6818.
51	王丹, 孟政吉, 贾宏杰, 等. 面向新型城镇的能源互联系统规划关键技术研究及展望[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2019, 43 (14): 16- 28.
	WANG Dan, MENG Zhengji, JIA Hongjie, et al. Research and prospect of key technologies for energy interconnection system planning for new-type towns[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2019, 43 (14): 16- 28.
52	SU X N, LIU P F, MEI Y D, et al. The role of rural cooperatives in the development of rural household photovoltaics: an evolutionary game study[J]. Energy Economics, 2023, 126, 106962.
53	李军林, 张黎阳, 董亮. 乡村振兴战略背景下财政工具的能源扶贫效果研究: 基于多维贫困的视角[J]. 学术研究, 2022 (2): 91- 97, 2, 178.
	LI Junlin, ZHANG Liyang, DONG Liang. Research on the effect of financial instruments on energy poverty alleviation under the background of rural revitalization strategy: from the perspective of multidimensional poverty[J]. Academic Research, 2022 (2): 91- 97, 2, 178.
54	付学谦, 周亚中, 孙宏斌, 等. 园区农业能源互联网: 概念、特征与应用价值[J]. 农业工程学报, 2020, 36 (12): 152- 161.
	FU Xueqian, ZHOU Yazhong, SUN Hongbin, et al. Park-level agricultural energy internet: concept, characteristic and application value[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2020, 36 (12): 152- 161.
55	杨莘博, 谭忠富, 林宏宇, 等. 计及需求响应及储能聚合商的分布式农村清洁能源系统运行优化模型[J]. 系统工程理论与实践, 2022, 42 (12): 3319- 3334.
	YANG Shenbo, TAN Zhongfu, LIN Hongyu, et al. Operation optimization model of distributed rural clean energy system considering demand response and energy storage aggregator[J]. Systems Engineering-Theory & Practice, 2022, 42 (12): 3319- 3334.
56	江亿, 胡姗. 屋顶光伏为基础的农村新型能源系统战略研究[J]. 气候变化研究进展, 2022, 18 (3): 272- 282.
	JIANG Yi, HU Shan. Research on the development strategy of production and consumption integrated roof-top PV system in rural China[J]. Climate Change Research, 2022, 18 (3): 272- 282.
57	李娜, 张广来, 任亚运. 清洁能源应用会影响中国农村居民主观福祉吗[J]. 江西财经大学学报, 2024 (2): 82- 93.
	LI Na, ZHANG Guanglai, REN Yayun. Will clean energy application affect the subjective well-being of Chinese rural residents?[J]. Journal of Jiangxi University of Finance and Economics, 2024 (2): 82- 93.
58	周前, 朱丹丹, 汪成根. 基于等效距离的源网储微电网故障保护方法[J]. 电力工程技术, 2024, 43 (2): 113- 123.
	ZHOU Qian, ZHU Dandan, WANG Chenggen. Fault protection method of source-grid-storage microgrid based on equivalent distance criteria[J]. Electric Power Engineering Technology, 2024, 43 (2): 113- 123.
59	杨新华, 王彤, 谢兴峰, 等. 交直流微电网柔性多状态开关统一下垂控制策略[J]. 电力工程技术, 2025, 44 (4): 100- 109.
	YANG Xinhua, WANG Tong, XIE Xingfeng, et al. Unified droop control strategy of soft normally open points in AC/DC microgrids[J]. Electric Power Engineering Technology, 2025, 44 (4): 100- 109.
60	赖业宁, 孙仲卿, 陆志平, 等. 考虑储能资源聚合参与的电网优化运行与韧性提升策略[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58 (2): 57- 65.
	LAI Yening, SUN Zhongqing, LU Zhiping, et al. Power grid optimization operation and resilience improvement strategy considering the participation of energy storage resource aggregation[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58 (2): 57- 65.
61	郑玉平, 王丹, 万灿, 等. 面向新型城镇的能源互联网关键技术及应用[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2019, 43 (14): 2- 15.
	ZHENG Yuping, WANG Dan, WAN Can, et al. Key technology and application of energy Internet oriented to new-type towns[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2019, 43 (14): 2- 15.
62	刘晓龙, 葛琴, 姜玲玲, 等. 基于农村能源革命的生态文明建设典型范式和实施路径研究[J]. 中国工程科学, 2019, 21 (5): 106- 112.
	LIU Xiaolong, GE Qin, JIANG Lingling, et al. Typical paradigms and implementation paths for ecological civilization construction based on rural energy revolution[J]. Strategic Study of CAE, 2019, 21 (5): 106- 112.
63	刘捷, 苏雷, 张立俊. 我国农村实现“双碳”目标的现实梗阻及政策选择[J]. 农业经济, 2023 (11): 60- 62.
	LIU Jie, SU Lei, ZHANG Lijun. The practical obstacles and policy options for achieving the "dual carbon" goals in rural China[J]. Agricultural Economy, 2023 (11): 60- 62.
64	喻智健, 龚亚珍, 郑适. 中国农业农村碳中和: 理论逻辑、实践路径与政策取向[J]. 经济体制改革, 2022 (6): 74- 81.
	YU Zhijian, GONG Yazhen, ZHENG Shi. Agricultural and rural carbon neutralization in China: theoretical logic, practical path and policy orientation[J]. Reform of Economic System, 2022 (6): 74- 81.
65	董福贵, 孟子航, 郗来昊, 等. 面向薄弱配电网的农村多能互补系统储能协同优化配置[J]. 电力工程技术, 2024, 43 (5): 13- 26.
	DONG Fugui, MENG Zihang, CHI Laihao, et al. Coordinated optimal configuration of energy storage in rural multi-energy complementary system for weak distribution networks[J]. Electric Power Engineering Technology, 2024, 43 (5): 13- 26.
66	叶小宁, 王彩霞, 时智勇, 等. 国外高比例新能源消纳分析及对中国新能源可持续发展的建议[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58 (6): 137- 144.
	YE Xiaoning, WANG Caixia, SHI Zhiyong, et al. Analysis of high proportion of new energy consumption abroad and suggestions for sustainable development of new energy in China[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58 (6): 137- 144.
67	张琛, 葛睿, 靳晓凌, 等. 西班牙和葡萄牙4·28大停电关键问题分析及经验启示[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58 (12): 119- 127.
	ZHANG Chen, GE Rui, JIN Xiaoling, et al. Analysis of key issues and implications of the April 28 great power blackout in Spain and Portugal[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58 (12): 119- 127.
68	王涉, 梁双, 刘斯伟, 等. 西班牙4·28大停电事故分析及对中国电力发展的启示[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58 (11): 146- 155.
	WANG She, LIANG Shuang, LIU Siwei, et al. Analysis of the Spain 4·28 major power blackout and its implications on China's power development[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58 (11): 146- 155.

[1]	FENG Kaihui, YAN Hu, DAI Wuzhen, CHEN Jian, LIU Yongliang. Optimal Operation of Rural Energy System with Biomass Biogas Power Generation Considering Energy Utilization Efficiency [J]. Electric Power, 2022, 55(7): 172-178.
[2]	FENG Kaihui, LI Qionghui, HUANG Bibin, YAN Hu, ZHANG Hongxian. Key Issues on Rural Energy Development in China [J]. Electric Power, 2022, 55(6): 1-8.