基于零序电流TEO梯度能量的光伏场站集电线路故障选线方法

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202404081

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

开展光伏场站集电线路快速故障选线对保证系统平稳运行十分重要。提出了基于零序电流梯度Teager能量算子（teager energy operator，TEO）的光伏场站集电线路故障选线方法。针对单相接地故障建立集电线路零序电流序网模型，并分析零序电流、电压分布规律以及故障期间光伏电源的馈出特性。采用TEO计算零序电流梯度能量值，基于故障线和非故障线测点处能量值差异整定阈值，提出故障选线判据，并搭建光伏场站集电线路模型。仿真验证表明：所提方法在不同故障位置、接地电阻、机组出力、噪声干扰场景下都有良好的选线效果。

关键词: 集电线路, 快速傅里叶变换, 梯度能量, 故障选线

Abstract:

Carrying out rapid fault selection of PV power station collection lines is of great significance to ensure the stable operation of the system. A fault method for PV power station collection lines based on the zero-sequence current gradient Teager energy operator (TEO) is proposed. The zero-sequence current sequence model of the collection line for single-phase ground fault is established, and the distribution law of the zero-sequence current and voltage as well as the output characteristics of PV power supply during the fault period are analyzed. The TEO is used to calculate the energy value of the zero-sequence current gradient, and the threshold is based on the difference in energy values between the fault line and the non-fault line measurement points. A fault selection criterion is proposed, and a PV power station line model is built. Simulation verification shows that the proposed method has good selection effect under different fault positions, grounding resistances, unit outputs, and noise interference scenarios.

Key words: power collection lines, fast fourier transform, gradient energy, fault line selection

郑燃, 吴佳毅, 杜浩良, 潘武略. 基于零序电流TEO梯度能量的光伏场站集电线路故障选线方法[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(2): 147-153.

Ran ZHENG, Jiayi WU, Haoliang DU, Wulue PAN. A New Method for Fault Line Selection of Photovoltaic Power Station Collection Lines Based on TEO Energy[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(2): 147-153.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202404081

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V58/I2/147

图/表 11

图 1 单相接地故障零序网络

Fig.1 Zero-Sequence Network for Single-Phase Grounding Fault

图 2 光伏电源拓扑结构

Fig.2 Topology of Photovoltaic Power Supply

图 3 故障选线流程

Fig.3 Fault Line Selection Process

图 4 光伏场站集电线路模型

Fig.4 PV station collection line model

表 1 集电线路电气参数

Table 1 Electrical Parameters of Collector Lines

序分量	电阻/(Ω·km^–1)	电抗/(Ω·km^–1)	电纳/(10^–6 S·km^–1)
正序	0.125	0.113	91.000
零序	1.250	0.396	57.000

图 5 不同故障位置下集电线能量值曲线

Fig.5 Energy curve at different fault locations

表 2 不同故障位置选线结果

Table 2 Line Selection Results for Different Fault Locations

序号	故障点到母线距离/km	故障线零序电流梯度能量值	非故障线零序电流梯度能量值	是否识别故障线路
1	0	127.8	9.97	是
2	1	132.2	9.78	是
3	2	139.8	10.03	是
4	3	146.4	11.18	是
5	4	154.8	11.89	是
6	5	161.9	12.64	是

图 6 不同接地电阻下集电线能量值曲线

Fig.6 Energy curve vs grounding resistances

表 3 不同接地电阻选线结果

Table 3 Grounding resistance routing results

序号	接地电阻值/Ω	故障线零序电流梯度能量值	非故障线零序电流梯度能量值	是否识别故障线路
1	50	108.90	8.575	是
2	100	96.79	7.632	是
3	150	82.80	6.522	是
4	200	69.46	5.470	是

表 4 不同机组容量选线结果

Table 4 Line Selection Results for Different Unit Capacities

序号	机组容量/ (MV·A)	故障线零序电流梯度能量值	非故障线零序电流梯度能量值	是否识别故障线路
1	1	157.5	12.26	是
2	2	157.6	12.37	是
3	3	159.9	12.48	是
4	4	161.9	12.64	是

图 7 注入20 dB噪声零序电流工频提取

Fig.7 Extraction of zero-sequence current power frequency with 20 dB noise injection

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