基于锁相环的并网VSC暂态失稳机理与控制方法

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202206069

中国电力 ›› 2022, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (10): 77-86.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202206069

基于锁相环的并网VSC暂态失稳机理与控制方法

陈征¹, 胡鹏飞¹, 戴立宇², 周朝晖³, 于彦雪¹, 修晓青⁴

1. 浙江大学电气工程学院，浙江杭州　310027;
2. 国网福建省电力有限公司电力科学研究院，福建福州　350003;
3. 国网福建省电力有限公司，福建福州　350003;
4. 中国电力科学研究院有限公司，北京　100192

收稿日期:2022-06-15 修回日期:2022-08-01 发布日期:2022-10-20
作者简介:陈征（1999—），男，硕士研究生，从事新能源并网与主动配网技术研究，E-mail：22010038@zju.edu.cn;胡鹏飞（1988—），男，通信作者，特聘研究员，博士生导师，从事柔性交直流输配电技术、新能源并网与主动配电网、电力电子化电力系统分析与控制研究，E-mail：zjuhpf@163.com
基金资助:
国家电网有限公司科技项目（5419-202121241 A-0-0-00）

Transient Instability Mechanism and Control Method of PLL-Based Grid-Connected VSC

CHEN Zheng¹, HU Pengfei¹, DAI Liyu², ZHOU Chaohui³, YU Yanxue¹, XIU Xiaoqing⁴

1. College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;
2. Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co., Ltd., Fuzhou 350003, China;
3. State Grid Fujian Electric Power Co., Ltd., Fuzhou 350003, China;
4. China Electric Power Research Institute, Beijing 100192, China

Received:2022-06-15 Revised:2022-08-01 Published:2022-10-20
Supported by:
This work is supported by Science and Technology Project of SGCC (No.5419-202121241A-0-0-00).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 针对基于锁相环（phase locked loop, PLL）的电压源变流器（voltage source converter, VSC）面临的暂态失稳问题，考虑功率环的影响，对跟网控制型VSC的暂态失稳机理与控制方法进行了全面研究。首先，通过对PLL和功率环进行建模，推导VSC的暂态失稳边界；其次，以电网电压跌落为例，揭示同时考虑功率环和PLL影响时VSC并网系统的暂态失稳机理；然后，提出一种基于d轴重定向的自适应无功控制方法，该方法同时改善VSC功率外环和PLL同步环的暂态稳定运行边界，有效提高基于PLL的VSC并网系统的暂态稳定性；最后，通过硬件在环实验对所提出的暂态失稳机理和控制方法进行实验验证。研究结果表明，功率外环存在时VSC失稳的本质原因是功率环失稳，而非PLL同步失稳。

关键词: 锁相环, 功率环, 暂态稳定, 电压源变流器

Abstract: The transient instability mechanism and control method of grid-following control voltage source converter (VSC) are comprehensively studied to solve the transient instability of PLL (phase locked loop)-based VSC with consideration of the influence of power loop control. Firstly, by modeling the PLL and power loop, the transient instability boundary of VSC is deduced. Secondly, taking the grid voltage drop as an example, the transient instability mechanism of grid-connected VSC system is revealed with consideration of the influence of both power loop and PLL. And then, an adaptive reactive power control method is proposed based on d-axis reorientation, which can improve the transient stability operation boundary of both VSC power outer loop and PLL synchronous loop, and effectively improve the transient stability of PLL-based grid-connected VSC system. Finally, the proposed transient instability mechanism and control method are verified through hardware in the loop experiment. The research shows that the essential reason for VSC instability in the presence of power outer loop is the instability of power loop, not the synchronous instability of PLL.

Key words: phase locked loop, power loop control, transient instability, voltage source converter

陈征, 胡鹏飞, 戴立宇, 周朝晖, 于彦雪, 修晓青. 基于锁相环的并网VSC暂态失稳机理与控制方法[J]. 中国电力, 2022, 55(10): 77-86.

CHEN Zheng, HU Pengfei, DAI Liyu, ZHOU Chaohui, YU Yanxue, XIU Xiaoqing. Transient Instability Mechanism and Control Method of PLL-Based Grid-Connected VSC[J]. Electric Power, 2022, 55(10): 77-86.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202206069

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2022/V55/I10/77

参考文献

[1] 李相俊, 马会萌, 姜倩. 新能源侧储能配置技术研究综述[J]. 中国电力, 2022, 55(1): 13–25
LI Xiangjun, MA Huimeng, JIANG Qian. Review of energy storage configuration technology on renewable energy side[J]. Electric Power, 2022, 55(1): 13–25
[2] 郭小龙, 张江飞, 亢朋朋, 等. 含基于PI控制受端二次调频的特高压直流虚拟同步控制策略[J/OL]. 中国电力: 1-9[2022-07-28]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.3265.TM.20220217.1024.014.html.
GUO Xiaolong, ZHANG Jiangfei, KANG pengpeng, et al. Virtual synchronous control strategy of UHV DC with secondary frequency modulation based on PI control receiver [J/OL]. Electric Power: 1-9[2022-07-28]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.3265.TM.20220217.1024.014.html.
[3] 姜卫同, 胡鹏飞, 尹瑞, 等. 基于虚拟同步机的变流器暂态稳定分析及混合同步控制策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2021, 45(22): 124–133
JIANG Weitong, HU Pengfei, YIN Rui, et al. Transient stability analysis and hybrid synchronization control strategy of converter based on virtual synchronous generator[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2021, 45(22): 124–133
[4] 邵冰冰, 赵书强, 高本锋, 等. 连接弱交流电网的VSC-HVDC失稳机理及判据研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2019, 34(18): 3884–3896
SHAO Bingbing, ZHAO Shuqiang, GAO Benfeng, et al. Instability mechanism and criterion analysis of VSC-HVDC connected to the weak AC power grid[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(18): 3884–3896
[5] 阮新波, 王学华, 潘冬华. LCL型并网逆变器的控制技术[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2015.
[6] 郭春义, 吕乃航, 张加卿. 提高LCC-HVDC在弱交流系统下的稳定性和动态性能的控制参数优化方法[J/OL]. 电工技术学报: 1-14[2022-05-26]. DOI:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.211915.
GUO Chunyi, LV Naihang, ZHANG Jiaqing. Optimization of control parameters to enhance stability and dynamic performance of LCC-HVDC under weak AC condition [J/OL] Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society: 11-14[2022-05-26]. DOI:10.19595/j.cnki.1000-6753.tces.211915.
[7] WANG X F, BLAABJERG F. Harmonic stability in power electronic-based power systems: concept, modeling, and analysis[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2019, 10(3): 2858–2870.
[8] FANG J Y, LI X Q, LI H C, et al. Stability improvement for three-phase grid-connected converters through impedance reshaping in quadrature-axis[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2018, 33(10): 8365–8375.
[9] 李光辉, 王伟胜, 刘纯, 等. 直驱风电场接入弱电网宽频带振荡机理与抑制方法(一): 宽频带阻抗特性与振荡机理分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39(22): 6547–6562
LI Guanghui, WANG Weisheng, LIU Chun, et al. Mechanism analysis and suppression method of wideband oscillation of PMSG wind farms connected to weak grid(part Ⅰ): analysis of wideband impedance characteristics and oscillation mechanism[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39(22): 6547–6562
[10] HU Q, FU L J, MA F, et al. Large signal synchronizing instability of PLL-based VSC connected to weak AC grid[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2019, 34(4): 3220–3229.
[11] 姜惠兰, 周照清, 蔡继朝. 风电接入比例对电力系统暂态功角稳定性影响的分析方法[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2020, 40(7): 53–67
JIANG Huilan, ZHOU Zhaoqing, CAI Jizhao. Analysis method of influence of wind power access proportion on transient power angle stability of power system[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2020, 40(7): 53–67
[12] TAUL M G, WANG X F, DAVARI P, et al. An overview of assessment methods for synchronization stability of grid-connected converters under severe symmetrical grid faults[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2019, 34(10): 9655–9670.
[13] PAN D H, WANG X F, LIU F C, et al. Transient stability of voltage-source converters with grid-forming control: a design-oriented study[J]. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 2020, 8(2): 1019–1033.
[14] DONG D, WEN B, BOROYEVICH D, et al. Analysis of phase-locked loop low-frequency stability in three-phase grid-connected power converters considering impedance interactions[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, 2015, 62(1): 310–321.
[15] GENG H, LIU L, LI R Q. Synchronization and reactive current support of PMSG-based wind farm during severe grid fault[J]. IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, 2018, 9(4): 1596–1604.
[16] ZHAO J T, HUANG M, YAN H, et al. Nonlinear and transient stability analysis of phase-locked loops in grid-connected converters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2021, 36(1): 1018–1029.
[17] WU H, WANG X F. Design-oriented transient stability analysis of PLL-synchronized voltage-source converters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2020, 35(4): 3573–3589.
[18] 涂春鸣, 高家元, 李庆, 等. 具有复数滤波器结构锁相环的并网逆变器对弱电网的适应性研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2020, 35(12): 2632–2642
TU Chunming, GAO Jiayuan, LI Qing, et al. Research on adaptability of grid-connected inverter with complex coefficient-filter structure phase locked loop to weak grid[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2020, 35(12): 2632–2642
[19] 李霞林, 王智, 郭力, 等. 基于最大估计吸引域的VSC接入弱网下的锁相环同步暂态稳定性分析[J/OL]. 中国电机工程学报: 1–12 [2022-04-27]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2107.TM.20220118.1358.010.html.
LI Xialin, WANG Zhi, GUO Li, et al. Transient stability analysis of pll synchronization in weak-grid-connected vscs based on the largest estimated domain of attraction [J/OL] Proceedings of the CSEE: 1–12 [2022-04-27]. http://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/11.2107.TM.20220118.1358.010.html.
[20] PAL D, PANIGRAHI B K. Impact of DC-bus voltage control on synchronization stability of grid-tied inverters[J]. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II:Express Briefs, 2022, 69(6): 2782–2786.
[21] 于彦雪, 马慧敏, 陈晓光, 等. 弱电网下基于准静态模型的混合控制微电网逆变器同步稳定性研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2022, 37(1): 152–164
YU Yanxue, MA Huimin, CHEN Xiaoguang, et al. Synchronous stability research of inverters in hybrid microgrid based on the quasi-static models under weak grid[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2022, 37(1): 152–164
[22] YANG D S, WANG X F, LIU F C, et al. Adaptive reactive power control of PV power plants for improved power transfer capability under ultra-weak grid conditions[J]. IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, 2019, 10(2): 1269–1279.

基于锁相环的并网VSC暂态失稳机理与控制方法

Transient Instability Mechanism and Control Method of PLL-Based Grid-Connected VSC

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	戴朝波, 赵国亮, 杨志昌, 崔镜心. 基于二阶广义积分器单相锁频环的改进和比较[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(1): 61-69.
[2]	赵晨浩, 焦在滨, 李程昊, 张迪, 张鹏辉. 基于主动迁移学习的电力系统暂态稳定自适应评估[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(1): 70-77.
[3]	李佳蔚, 张冠宇. 大规模分布式新能源接入对省级电网稳定性影响[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(6): 174-180.
[4]	周生存, 罗毅, 易煊承, 吴亚宁, 李丁, 熊逸. 考虑数据缺失的图注意力网络暂态稳定评估[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(5): 157-167.
[5]	娄奇鹤, 李荣盛, 谭捷, 袁铁江. 基于卷积神经网络的暂稳极限功率计算[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(4): 211-219.
[6]	张培玲, 赵可可. 基于单频通信的低压电力线通信系统设计与实现[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56(3): 118-127,136.
[7]	黄龑, 郝迎鹏, 汪慧娴, 郑龙烨, 张凯哲, 许银亮. 基于二阶统一模型的分布式发电并网同步控制研究[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56(12): 41-50.
[8]	刘櫂芮, 贾祺, 严干贵, 翟文超, 孙勇, 李宝聚. 基于惯量响应的双馈风电机组动态协调机理研究[J]. 中国电力, 2022, 55(7): 142-151.
[9]	汪冬辉, 方芳, 吕文韬, 罗华峰, 杨涛, 戚宣威. 锁相环的动态性能及对线路保护的影响分析[J]. 中国电力, 2020, 53(3): 110-118.
[10]	周艳真, 查显煜, 兰健, 郭庆来, 孙宏斌, 薛峰, 王胜明. 基于数据增强和深度残差网络的电力系统暂态稳定预测[J]. 中国电力, 2020, 53(1): 22-31.
[11]	万玉良, 朱玲, 项颂, 刘福锁, 陈璐, 王佳佳. 直驱风电机组与弱电网交互作用稳定分析[J]. 中国电力, 2019, 52(9): 118-125.
[12]	吕亚洲, 霍超, 吴兴扬, 谭真, 侯玉强, 崔晓丹, 柯贤波, 牛拴保, 李威. 计及FACTS的暂态安全稳定紧急控制策略[J]. 中国电力, 2019, 52(1): 96-101.
[13]	宋军英, 王炜宇, 姜学皎, 李欣然, 左煜, 黄云. 网络参数对电网暂态稳定性的影响[J]. 中国电力, 2017, 50(8): 87-92.
[14]	肖利武，祁桂刚，黎灿兵，曹一家，旷永红. 多可控串补自适应协调控制设计[J]. 中国电力, 2015, 48(4): 90-94.
[15]	田雨，梁海峰，康毅，高亚静，刘克权，李晓虎，王耿. 基于PMU和改进支持向量机算法的同调机群在线识别[J]. 中国电力, 2015, 48(3): 50-55.

模态框（Modal）标题

基于锁相环的并网VSC暂态失稳机理与控制方法

Transient Instability Mechanism and Control Method of PLL-Based Grid-Connected VSC

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics