考虑无人机恢复临时通信的有源配电网故障恢复策略

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202510004

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对因通信中断导致故障恢复延迟的大范围信息盲区负荷恢复难题，提出一种考虑无人机（unmanned aerial vehicle，UAV）恢复临时通信的有源配电网故障恢复策略。首先在有限无人机资源约束下，构建以最大化盲区高优先级负荷覆盖为目标的通信网络快速恢复模型，优化确定无人机最佳部署位置及各盲区所需应急通信设备的配置方案。在此基础上，通过协调区域内的可调度资源，同步实施孤岛划分与网络拓扑重构，实现无人机部署方案与抢修调度的协同优化，从而最大化故障负荷恢复量。最后，通过仿真实验结果验证所提故障恢复策略的有效性和优越性，相比于人工进行通信网络检修的故障恢复策略，所提策略失电负荷完全恢复时间缩短了60%。

关键词: 无人机, 通信恢复, 故障恢复

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem of large-scale information blind spot load recovery caused by communication interruption, an active distribution network fault recovery strategy considering the temporary communication restoration of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is proposed. Firstly, under the constraint of limited UAV resources, a rapid recovery model of the communication network with the goal of maximizing the high-priority load coverage of the blind zone is constructed, and the optimal deployment location of the UAV and the configuration scheme of emergency communication equipment required in each blind area are optimized. On this basis, by coordinating the dispatchable resources in the region, the isolated island division and network topology reconstruction are implemented simultaneously to realize the collaborative optimization of UAV deployment scheme and emergency repair scheduling, so as to maximize the amount of fault load recovery. Finally, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed fault recovery strategy are verified by simulation experiments, and the complete recovery time of the proposed policy is shortened by 60% compared with the fault recovery strategy of manual communication network maintenance.

Key words: unmanned aerial vehicle, communication restoration, fault recovery

唐佳杰, 袁松, 李典, 周荣, 梅家葆. 考虑无人机恢复临时通信的有源配电网故障恢复策略[J]. 中国电力, 2026, 59(5): 57-66.

TANG Jiajie, YUAN Song, LI Dian, ZHOU Rong, MEI Jiabao. Consider the fault recovery strategy of active distribution network for UAV recovery of temporary communication[J]. Electric Power, 2026, 59(5): 57-66.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202510004

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V59/I5/57

图/表 11

图 1 无人机在应急通信的时间跨度

Fig.1 The time span of drones in emergency communication

图 2 考虑无人机恢复临时通信的有源配电网故障恢复流程

Fig.2 Fault recovery process of active distribution networks considering UAV-assisted temporary communication restoration.

图 3 改进的计及信息-物理耦合关系的IEEE 33节点配电网拓扑结构

Fig.3 Improved IEEE 33-node distribution network topology considering information-physical coupling relationships

表 1 各节点负荷重要等级分类

Table 1 Classification of important levels of load at each node

负荷等级	物理节点集合	权重系数
一	4、9、14、27	w=10.0
二	3、5、6、7、8、13、19、20、30、31	w=5.0
三	剩余节点	w=0.5

表 2 节点负荷类型

Table 2 Node load type

物理节点	负荷类型
6、10、11、17、22、24、27、28	可控负荷
剩余节点	不可控负荷

图 4 分布式电源有功出力日曲线

Fig.4 Distributed power generation active output day curve

图 5 通信-物理耦合故障下的初始恢复拓扑结构

Fig.5 Initial recovery topology under communication-physical coupling failure

图 6 无人机辅助应急通信恢复状态

Fig.6 UAV-assisted emergency communication recovery status

表 3 无人机通信设备部署节点及行驶时间

Table 3 UAV communication equipment deployment nodes and driving time

无人机编号	起始停靠点→目的停靠点	行驶时间/min
1	12→5	8.7
2	12→21	9.3
3	12→24	9.6
1	24→17	13.7

图 7 不同时刻孤岛划分与网络重构方案拓扑

Fig.7 Island division and network reconfiguration topology at different time instances

图 8 方案1和方案2在不同时间下失电负荷恢复量

Fig.8 The amount of power loss load recovery in scheme 1 and scheme 2 at different times

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