集成蒸汽喷射器的旁路供热系统及性能分析

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202406101

中国电力 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (11): 205-213.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202406101

集成蒸汽喷射器的旁路供热系统及性能分析

许继东(), 梅隆, 宋亚军, 王争明, 司派友, 赵宁, 刘双白

国网冀北电力有限公司电力科学研究院（华北电力科学研究院有限责任公司），北京　100045

收稿日期:2024-06-26 修回日期:2025-07-20 发布日期:2025-12-01 出版日期:2025-11-28
作者简介:
许继东（1993），男，通信作者，硕士，工程师，从事火电灵活性改造及热力系统运行优化研究，E-mail：820682751@qq.com
基金资助:
国家电网有限公司科技项目（基于全运行区间的火电机组调节性能及灵活性改造技术深化研究，SGNC0000FZJS2200179）；国网冀北电力有限公司电力科学研究院科技项目（基于数字孪生的汽轮机组宽负荷运行数据协调技术与精益化研究，KJC2024051）。

Bypass Heating System with Integrated Steam Ejector and Performance Analysis

XU Jidong(), MEI Long, SONG Yajun, WANG Zhengming, SI Paiyou, ZHAO Ning, LIU Shuangbai

State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co., Ltd. Research Institute (North China Electric Power Research Institute Co., Ltd.), Beijing 100045, China

Received:2024-06-26 Revised:2025-07-20 Online:2025-12-01 Published:2025-11-28
Supported by:
This work is supported by Science and Technology Project of SGCC (Further Research on the Adjustment Performance and Flexibility Modification Technology of Thermal Power Units Based on Full Operating Interval, No.SGNC0000FZJS2200179); State Grid Jibei Electric Power Co., Ltd. Electric Power Research Institute Science and Technology Project (Digital Twin-Based Steam Turbine Unit Wide-Load Operation Data Coordination Technology and Lean Research, No.KJC2024051).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对常规旁路供热系统中旁路蒸汽在减温减压过程存在的余能损失问题，提出了一种耦合蒸汽喷射器的新型旁路供热系统。通过增设蒸汽喷射器，使旁路蒸汽引射汽轮机乏汽用于供热，不仅实现了能量的梯级利用，而且降低了机组冷源损失。以某300 MW热电联产机组为研究对象，使用 EBSILON建立了机组热力学计算模型，对新型旁路供热系统调峰能力、热力性能以及经济性进行全面分析。结果表明：相比于常规旁路系统，新型旁路系统供热能力增加97.26 MW，最小电负荷率降低0.14。在相同电热负荷工况下，新型系统发电热效率提高19.4%，节约标煤9.2 t/h，年化新增收益净现值达到216万元，具有较高的经济效益与推广价值。

关键词: 热电解耦, 余能利用, 蒸汽喷射器, 旁路供热

Abstract:

In order to solve the problem of residual energy loss of bypass steam in the process of temperature and pressure reduction in the normal pressure bypass heating system, a new bypass heating system connected to the bypass heating system was proposed. By adding a steam ejector, the bypass steam is injected into the steam turbine exhaust steam to provide heat, which not only reduces the energy cascade utilization, but also causes a loss of cold source in the central air conditioner. Taking a 300MW combined heat and power central air conditioner as the research object, a thermodynamic calculation model of air conditioner central air conditioner was established using EBSILON to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the peak shaving capacity, thermal performance and economy of the new bypass heating system. The results show that compared with the conventional bypass system, the heating capacity of the new bypass system increases by 97.26 MW, and the minimum electric load rate decreases by 0.14. Under the same electric heating load conditions, the new system's power generation thermal efficiency increased by 19.4%, saving 9.2 tons of standard coal per hour, and the annualized net present value of income increased by 2.16 million yuan, with higher economic benefits and promotion value.

Key words: thermoelectric decoupling, utilize spare energy, steam ejector, bypass heating

许继东, 梅隆, 宋亚军, 王争明, 司派友, 赵宁, 刘双白. 集成蒸汽喷射器的旁路供热系统及性能分析[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(11): 205-213.

XU Jidong, MEI Long, SONG Yajun, WANG Zhengming, SI Paiyou, ZHAO Ning, LIU Shuangbai. Bypass Heating System with Integrated Steam Ejector and Performance Analysis[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(11): 205-213.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202406101

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V58/I11/205

图/表 13

图 1 常规旁路供热系统

Fig.1 Conventional bypass heating system

图 2 主、再热蒸汽及中排抽汽压力对比

Fig.2 Comparison of main、reheat steam and middle exhaust steam pressure

图 3 新型旁路供热系统

Fig.3 New bypass heating system

表 1 软件模拟功率与设计平衡图功率对比

Table 1 Comparison of software simulation power and design balance diagram power

工况	平衡图功率值/MW	模拟功率值/MW	误差/%
THA	300.23	300.16	0.02
抽汽250 t/h	287.60	287.60	0.00
抽汽500 t/h	245.51	245.60	–0.04
75%THA	225.10	225.00	0.04
50%THA	150.06	148.60	0.97

图 4 不同主汽流量最大供热能力对比

Fig.4 Comparison of maximum heating capacity with different main steam flow rates

图 5 不同供热负荷下最小电负荷率对比

Fig.5 Comparison of minimum electrical load rates under different heating loads

图 6 各系统运行可行域

Fig.6 Feasible area of operation of each system

表 2 2种旁路系统热力性能参数

Table 2 Thermal performance parameters of two bypass systems

项目	常规旁路供热	新型旁路供热
主汽流量/(t·h^–1)	941.1	855.4
发电功率/MW	175	175
供热负荷/MW	450	450
中排抽汽量/(t·h^–1)	365.9	375.4
高旁蒸汽量/(t·h^–1)	182	105.1
乏汽利用量/(t·h^–1)	0	97.9
发电热效率/%	58.3	77.7
标准煤耗量/(t·h^–1)	98.3	89.1

图 7 2种旁路系统能流示意

Fig.7 Energy flow of two bypass systems

图 8 2种系统供热过程的㶲流示意

Fig.8 Exergy flow of the heating process of the two systems

图 9 供热环节㶲效率对比

Fig.9 Comparison of exergy efficiency in heating links

图 10 2种系统换热过程EUD

Fig.10 EUD of the heat exchange process of the two systems

表 3 经济性分析基本参数

Table 3 Basic economic parameters

项目		数值
蒸汽喷射器以及相应换热器新增投资/万元		362
管道及土建施工价格/万元		72.4
新增设备总投资/万元		434.4
年新增运行维护费用/万元		17.4
年节煤量/t		3312
系统年新增收益/万元		264.96
年化新增设备投资/万元		31.57
年化新增收益净现值/万元		216

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集成蒸汽喷射器的旁路供热系统及性能分析

Bypass Heating System with Integrated Steam Ejector and Performance Analysis

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