喷淋法燃煤电站烟气冷凝水回收系统应用分析

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202302007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

电站锅炉尾部烟气经湿法脱硫塔洗涤净化后达到湿饱和状态，直接排放会导致严重的水资源损失。以直接喷淋法烟气水分回收系统为研究对象，探讨了含湿饱和烟气特征参数，构建了集烟气脱硫、水分回收及深度减排的一体化装置，分析了烟气水分回收系统的运行性能及对污染物的深度减排效果。结果表明：饱和烟气含湿量随烟气温度变化较大，烟气温度越高对应的饱和含湿量越高；烟气冷凝水回收量受冷源介质影响较为明显，一体化装置烟气水分理论回收速率由烟气进出口含湿量与流量决定，实际回收速率高达453.62 t/天，实际回收效率最高为26.44%；同时该装置实现对烟尘排放质量浓度降低66%~80%、SO₂排放质量浓度降低50%~60%。研究结果为烟气水分高效回收利用提供了工程借鉴与指导。

关键词: 燃煤电站, 湿饱和烟气, 水分回收, 直接喷淋法, 深度减排

Abstract:

The flue gas reaches wet saturation state after wet desulfurization tower in coal-fired power plant, and directly discharged will lead to large amount of moisture loss. Taking flue gas water recovery system as the research object by the direct spraying method, and explores the characteristic parameters of the flue gas containing water saturation, and builds an integrated device integrating with the flue gas desulfurization, water recovery and deep emissions reduction, and analyzes the operation performance. The results show that the saturated flue gas moisture content varies greatly with the flue gas temperature, and the higher the flue gas temperature, the higher the moisture content. The flue gas water recovery is obviously affected by the cold source medium. The theoretical flue gas water recovery rate is determined by the flue gas import/export moisture content and flow. The actual flue gas water recovery rate is up to 453.62 t/d, and the highest water recovery efficiency is 26.44%. The direct spraying method reduces dust emission concentration by 66%~80% and sulfur dioxide emission concentration by 50%~60%. The research results provide engineering guidance for the flue gas water recovery and utilization.

Key words: coal-fired power plant, wet saturated flue gas, water recovery, direct spraying method, deep emissions reduction

伊超, 滕达, 宋绍伟, 陈鸥. 喷淋法燃煤电站烟气冷凝水回收系统应用分析[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56(11): 226-235.

Chao YI, Da TENG, Shaowei SONG, Ou CHEN. Application Analysis of Flue Gas Condensation Recovery in Coal-fired Power Plants by Spraying Method[J]. Electric Power, 2023, 56(11): 226-235.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202302007

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V56/I11/226

图/表 14

表 1 某典型350 MW燃煤机组煤质检测分析表

Table 1 The 350 MW coal-fired power plant coal testing analysis table

煤种	全水分 M_t/%	空气干燥基水分M_ad/%	收到基灰分 M_ar/%	干燥无灰基挥发分V_daf/%	收到基碳 C_ar/%	收到基氢 H_ar/%	收到基氮 N_ar/%	收到基氧 O_ar/%	全硫 S_t,ad/%	高位发热量 Q_gr,ar/(MJ·kg^–1)	低位发热量 Q_net,ar/(MJ·kg^–1)
神华煤	19.2	6.91	10.36	37.45	56.68	3.33	0.71	9.41	0.31	22.67	21.54
印尼煤	34.6	13.98	6.56	50.82	42.40	2.84	0.65	12.62	0.33	16.89	15.51

图 1 某典型350 MW燃煤机组烟气排放系统

Fig.1 The 350 MW coal-fired power plant flue gas discharge system

图 2 直接喷淋法烟气水分回收一体化装置

Fig.2 Flue gas water recovery by direct spraying

表 2 喷淋法一体化装置入口烟气基本参数

Table 2 The flue gas inlet parameters of the integrated system

脱硫区										脱水区
烟气体积分数/%					烟气流量/(m³·h^–1)	烟气温度/℃	污染物质量浓度/(mg·m^–3)			烟气温度/℃
N₂	CO₂	H₂O	O₂	SO₂	烟气流量/(m³·h^–1)	烟气温度/℃	SO₂	SO₃	粉尘	烟气温度/℃
71.14	12.77	11.23	4.82	0.04	1 220 000	95	1 400	20	20	52.3~52.6

图 3 含湿饱和烟气状态参数模拟

Fig.3 Simulating wet saturated flue gas parameters

图 4 饱和烟气含湿量变化情况

Fig.4 Moisture content variation of saturated flue gas

图 5 烟气余热组成及水蒸气潜热占比

Fig.5 Composition of waste heat and percentage of latent heat in flue gas

图 6 一体化装置入口烟气基本参数波动情况

Fig.6 The basic parameters fluctuation of the flue gas inlet for integrated system

图 7 不同月份脱水区前后烟气温度变化情况

Fig.7 The flue gas temperature variation before/after dehydration zone in different months

图 8 2020年逐月烟气水分理论/实际回收速率

Fig.8 The theoretical/actual flue gas water recovery rate in 2020

图 9 2020年逐月烟气水分理论/实际回收效率

Fig.9 The theoretical/actual flue gas water recovery efficiency in 2020

图 10 近3年不同月份回收水量的变化情况

Fig.10 The water recovered in the last three years

表 3 燃煤电站烟气冷凝水取样水质

Table 3 The flue gas condensation water quality analysis from coal-fired power plant 单位：mg/L

检测项目	检测结果	检测项目	检测结果
总硬度	16.500	钙	1.800
溶解性总固体	474.000	镁	0.390
硫酸盐	253.000	砷	0.400×10^–3
氟化物	0.237	汞	＜0.040×10^–3
氯化物	20.500	铬	＜0.030
硝酸盐	0.272	铅	＜1.000×10^–3
钾	0.230	锌	＜9.000×10^–3
钠	110.000	铜	＜4.000×10^–3
镉	0.300×10^–3	钴	＜0.020
铁	0.470	镍	＜7.000×10^–3
锰mg/L	＜0.010	锑	＜0.070×10^–3

图 11 烟气污染物排放浓度前后对比分析

Fig.11 Comparison analysis of flue gas pollutant emission concentration

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