挤包绝缘高压直流电缆应用现状与研究展望

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202006273

中国电力 ›› 2021, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (4): 42-55.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202006273

• 高压电缆及附件关键技术专栏 • 上一篇下一篇

挤包绝缘高压直流电缆应用现状与研究展望

胡明¹, 刘淑军², 杨建军³, 谢书鸿⁴, 张洪亮¹, 闫志雨¹

1. 中天科技海缆股份有限公司, 江苏南通 226010;
2. 中国三峡新能源（集团）股份有限公司, 北京 100038;
3. 华东勘测设计研究院有限公司, 浙江杭州 311122;
4. 江苏中天科技股份有限公司, 江苏南通 226010

收稿日期:2020-07-02 修回日期:2020-10-09 发布日期:2021-04-23
作者简介:胡明(1985-),男,高级工程师,从事交直流海底电缆研发与应用研究,E-mail:hum@chinaztt.com;刘淑军(1973-),女,副教授,从事新能源电力系统及其自动化研究,E-mail:443098157@qq.com;杨建军(1964-),男,高级工程师(教授级),从事水电和新能源工程设计及输变电技术研究,E-mail:yang_jj@ecidi.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划资助项目(±500 kV直流电缆关键技术，2016YFB0900703)，国家电网公司科技项目(±500 kV柔性直流海缆设计及制造关键技术，SGRIDGKJ(2016)1079)

Application Status and Research Prospects of HVDC Extruded Cables

HU Ming¹, LIU Shujun², YANG Jianjun³, XIE Shuhong⁴, ZHANG Hongliang¹, YAN Zhiyu¹

1. Zhongtian Technology Submarine Cable Co., Ltd., Nantong 226010, China;
2. China Three Gorges Renewables(Group) Co., Ltd., Beijing 100038, China;
3. Power China Huadong Engineering Corporation Limited, Hangzhou 311122, China;
4. Jiangsu Zhongtian Technology Co., Ltd., Nantong 226010, China

Received:2020-07-02 Revised:2020-10-09 Published:2021-04-23
Supported by:
This work is supported by National Research and Development Program of China (No.2016YFB0900703), Science and Technology Project of SGCC (No.SGRIDGKJ(2016)1079)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 挤包绝缘高压直流电缆已成为远距离、大容量输电线路建设的主要装备之一，现阶段广泛应用的挤包绝缘直流电缆以交联聚乙烯(XLPE)绝缘为主。针对XLPE绝缘高压直流电缆研发和应用中的绝缘空间电荷特性、副产物脱气等主要问题进行全面综述，指出在工业化生产方式下，超纯净体系XLPE绝缘材料是目前用来缓解空间电荷问题和实现电缆批量化生产更为可行的技术方案，对于副产物脱气问题的研究需结合小样测试结果，向长距离批量化电缆生产的脱气工艺控制进行扩展。结合现有国内外已投运和正在规划的挤包绝缘高压直流电缆典型工程，指出未来应侧重于在提高绝缘材料电气绝缘水平的基础上，使挤包绝缘直流电缆向更高电压等级发展，并同时通过提高电缆最高允许运行温度实现更大的传输容量。此外，从提高生产效率和利于回收利用的角度考虑，可加强热塑性绝缘材料在挤包绝缘高压直流电缆中的应用研究。

关键词: 挤包绝缘高压直流电缆, 空间电荷, 副产物脱气, 允许运行温度, 热塑性绝缘材料

Abstract: HVDC extruded cable is one of the key facilities for long-distance and large-capacity power transmission lines. The currently widely used DC extruded cable is mostly insulated with crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE). An investigation is conducted on the HVDC XLPE insulated cable in terms of space charge and byproducts degassing. It is concluded that the ultra-pure XLPE material is currently the most feasible way to mitigate the space charge problem and manufacture extruded HVDC cable for large batches. The research on byproducts degassing problem should be based on the testing results of mini-samples to guide the degassing process for long distance and batch production of cables. Based on the extruded HVDC cable projects which have been put into operation or are under design both in China and abroad, it is proposed that future development of DC extruded cables should focus on improving the electrical insulation level of the insulation materials with a higher the operating voltage. Meanwhile, the allowable operation temperature of cables should be elevated to realize a larger transmission capacity. Besides, from the perspective of improving productive efficiency and recycling, it is suggested that the research on application of thermoplasticity insulation material in extruded HVDC cables should be enhanced.

Key words: HVDC extruded cable, space charge, byproduct degassing, allowable operation temperature, thermoplasticity insulation material

胡明, 刘淑军, 杨建军, 谢书鸿, 张洪亮, 闫志雨. 挤包绝缘高压直流电缆应用现状与研究展望[J]. 中国电力, 2021, 54(4): 42-55.

HU Ming, LIU Shujun, YANG Jianjun, XIE Shuhong, ZHANG Hongliang, YAN Zhiyu. Application Status and Research Prospects of HVDC Extruded Cables[J]. Electric Power, 2021, 54(4): 42-55.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202006273

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2021/V54/I4/42

参考文献

[1] 汤广福, 贺之渊, 庞辉. 柔性直流输电工程技术研究、应用及发展[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2013, 37(15): 3-14
TANG Guangfu, HE Zhiyuan, PANG Hui. Research, application and development of VSC-HVDC engineering technology[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2013, 37(15): 3-14
[2] 马为民, 吴方劼, 杨一鸣, 等. 柔性直流输电技术的现状及应用前景分析[J]. 高电压技术, 2014, 40(8): 2429-2439
MA Weimin, WU Fangjie, YANG Yiming, et al. Flexible HVDC transmission technology's today and tomorrow[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2014, 40(8): 2429-2439
[3] 饶宏, 冷祥彪, 潘雅娴, 等. 全球直流输电发展分析及国际化拓展建议[J]. 南方电网技术, 2019, 13(10): 1-7
RAO Hong, LENG Xiangbiao, PAN Yaxian, et al. Analysis of the global HVDC power transmission development and the suggestion of the HVDC export[J]. Southern Power System Technology, 2019, 13(10): 1-7
[4] 傅春翔, 汪天呈, 郦洪柯, 等. 用于海上风电并网的柔性直流系统接地方式研究[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2019, 47(20): 119-126
FU Chunxiang, WANG Tianke, LI Hongke, et al. Study on grounding methods of VSC-HVDC for off-shore wind farm integration[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2019, 47(20): 119-126
[5] 焦瑞浩, 丁剑, 任建文, 等. 适应大规模清洁能源并网和传输的未来新型直流电网研究[J]. 智慧电力, 2019, 47(6): 9-18
JIAO Ruihao, DING Jian, REN Jianwen, et al. Future new DC power grids for large-scale clean energy integration and transmission[J]. Smart Power, 2019, 47(6): 9-18
[6] LI G, AN T, LIANG J, et al. Studies of commutation failures in Hybrid LCC/MMC HVDC systems[J]. Global Energy Interconnection, 3(3): 193-204.
[7] 董明, 王丽, 吴雪舟, 等. 油纸绝缘介电响应检测技术研究现状与发展[J]. 高电压技术, 2016, 42(4): 1179-1189
DONG Ming, WANG Li, WU Xuezhou, et al. Status and progress in study of dielectric response technology for oil-paper insulation[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2016, 42(4): 1179-1189
[8] 黄兴溢, 张军, 江平开. 热塑性电力电缆绝缘材料: 历史与发展[J]. 高电压技术, 2018, 44(5): 1377-1398
HUANG Xingyi, ZHANG Jun, JIANG Pingkai. Thermoplastic insulation materials for power cables: history and progress[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2018, 44(5): 1377-1398
[9] 王霞, 王陈诚, 朱有玉, 等. 高压直流塑料电缆绝缘用纳米改性交联聚乙烯中的空间电荷特性[J]. 高电压技术, 2015, 41(4): 1096-1103
WANG Xia, WANG Chencheng, ZHU Youyu, et al. Space charge profiles in XLPE nano dielectrics used for HVDC plastic cable insulation[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2015, 41(4): 1096-1103
[10] 屠德民, 王霞, 吕泽鹏, 等. 以能带理论诠释直流聚乙烯绝缘中空间电荷的形成和抑制机理[J]. 物理学报, 2012, 61(1): 409-415
TU Demin, WANG Xia, LÜ Zepeng, et al. Formation and inhibition mechanisms of space charges in direct current polyethylene insulation explained by energy band theory[J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2012, 61(1): 409-415
[11] 李吉晓, 张冶文, 郑飞虎, 等. 交联聚乙烯中空间电荷分布及其机理研究[J]. 应用科学学报, 2001(4): 283-287
LI Jixiao, ZHANG Yewen, ZHENG Feihu, et al. Distribution of space charges and analysis of trap levels in cross-linked polyethylene[J]. Journal of Applied Sciences, 2001(4): 283-287
[12] 兰莉. 温度对聚合物绝缘中空间电荷行为的影响[D]. 上海: 上海交通大学, 2015.
LAN Li. Effect of temperature on space charge distribution in polymer insulation[D]. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2015.
[13] 张洪亮, 张建民, 于洪淼, 等. 中国首根±525 kV XLPE绝缘直流电缆的设计与试验验证[J]. 南方电网技术, 2018, 12(1): 1-6
ZHANG Hongliang, ZHANG Jianmin, YU Hongmiao, et al. Design and test verification of China's first ±525 kV XLPE insulated DC cable[J]. Southern Power System Technology, 2018, 12(1): 1-6
[14] LEE S H, PARK J K, HAN J H, et al. Space charge and electrical conduction in maleic anhydride-grafted polyethylene[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 1995, 2(6): 1132-1139.
[15] SUH K S, YOON H G, LEE C R, et al. Space charge behavior of acrylic monomer-grafted polyethylene[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 1999, 6(3): 282-287.
[16] 尹毅, 屠德民, 霍振宇, 等. 氯化聚乙烯共混对聚乙烯的空间电荷效应的影响[J]. 电工技术学报, 2000(4): 52-57
YIN Yi, TU Demin, HUO Zhenyu, et al. Influence of blending chlorinated polyethylene on the space charge effect in polyethylene[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2000(4): 52-57
[17] 杨佳明, 王暄, 韩宝忠, 等. LDPE纳米复合介质的直流电导特性及其对高压直流电缆中电场分布的影响[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2014, 34(9): 1454-1461
YANG Jiaming, WANG Xuan, HAN Baozhong, et al. DC conductivity characteristic of LDPE nanocomposite and its effect on electric field distribution in HVDC cables[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34(9): 1454-1461
[18] NELSON J K, FOTHERGILL J C, DISSADO L A, et al. Towards an understanding of nanometric dielectrics[C]//Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena. Cancun, Mexico. IEEE, 2002: 295-298.
[19] 王霞, 成霞, 陈少卿, 等. 纳米ZnO/低密度聚乙烯复合材料的介电特性[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2008(19): 13-19
WANG Xia, CHENG Xia, CHEN Shaoqing, et al. Dielectric properties of the composites of nano-ZnO/low-density polyethylene[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2008(19): 13-19
[20] WANG X, LV Z, WU K, et al. Study of the factors that suppress space charge accumulation in LDPE nanocomposites[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2014, 21(4): 1670-1679.
[21] ROY M, NELSON J K, MACCRONE R K, et al. Polymer nanocomposite dielectrics-the role of the interface[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2005, 12(4): 629-643.
[22] 郑煜, 吴建东, 王俏华, 等. 空间电荷与直流电导联合测试技术用于纳米MgO抑制XLPE中空间电荷的研究[J]. 电工技术学报, 2012, 27(5): 126-131
ZHENG Yu, WU Jiandong, WANG Qiaohua, et al. Research on the space charge suppressing mechanism of nano-MgO in XLPE with a joint measuring technology of DC conduction and space charge[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2012, 27(5): 126-131
[23] 范勇, 张洪亮, 杨瑞宵, 等. 三层复合PI薄膜厚度比对其电导特性影响[J]. 哈尔滨理工大学学报, 2013, 18(2): 21-24, 29
FAN Yong, ZHANG Hongliang, YANG Ruixiao, et al. The influence of thickness ratio of three-layer PI composite films on conductance property[J]. Journal of Harbin University of Science and Technology, 2013, 18(2): 21-24, 29
[24] 李淑琦. 空间电荷特性在挤包绝缘交联聚乙烯高压直流电缆老化评估中的应用研究[D]. 上海: 上海交通大学, 2015.
LI Shuqi. Application of space charge characteristics in ageing assessment of extruded HVDC XLPE cables[D]. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiaotong University, 2015.
[25] 刘德远, 张昱, 邓云坤, 等. 工频电场下全尺寸电缆的空间电荷检测系统研制[J]. 高电压技术, 2019, 45(10): 3327-3334
LIU Deyuan, ZHANG Yu, DENG Yunkun, et al. Development of space charge measurement system used for full-size cable under power frequency electric stress[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2019, 45(10): 3327-3334
[26] 侯帅, 惠宝军, 傅明利, 等. 交联聚乙烯挤出绝缘高压直流电缆全工况运行考核及温度梯度下空间电荷测量[J]. 高电压技术, 2018, 44(5): 1467-1474
HOU Shuai, HUI Baojun, FU Mingli, et al. Performance evaluation for XLPE extruded insulation HVDC cable and space charge measurement under operating condition with temperature difference[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2018, 44(5): 1467-1474
[27] 钟琼霞, 兰莉, 吴建东, 等. 交联副产物对交联聚乙烯中空间电荷行为的影响[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2015, 35(11): 2903-2910
ZHONG Qiongxia, LAN Li, WU Jiandong, et al. The influence of cross-linked by-products on space charge behaviour in XLPE[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2015, 35(11): 2903-2910
[28] 王国忠. 交联副产物对交联聚乙烯电缆绝缘热老化性能影响的探讨[J]. 电线电缆, 2006(4): 10-12
WANG Guozhong. Investigation of the effect of the cross-linking by-producton the heat ageing properties of XLPE cable insulation[J]. Electric Wire & Cable, 2006(4): 10-12
[29] 范路, 陈萌, 张洪亮, 等. 型式试验对高压直流电缆交联副产物迁移过程及电导特性的影响[J]. 电气工程学报, 2018, 13(11): 44-51
FAN Lu, CHEN Meng, ZHANG Hongliang, et al. Effect of type test on migration process of cross-linked by-products and conduction characteristics of HVDC cables[J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2018, 13(11): 44-51
[30] 朱晓辉. 交联工艺对交联聚乙烯绝缘特性的影响[D]. 天津: 天津大学, 2010.
ZHU Xiaohui. Effects of cross-linking method on insulation properties of cross-linked polyethylene[D]. Tianjin: Tianjin University, 2010.
[31] 房晟辰, 王浩鸣, 陈磊, 等. DCP分解副产物对交/直流交联聚乙烯电缆绝缘介电性能的影响[J]. 合成材料老化与应用, 2019, 48(3): 16-19
FANG Shengchen, WANG Haoming, CHEN Lei, et al. Influence of crosslinking by-products on dielectric properties of AC/DC XLPE cable insulation[J]. Synthetic Materials Aging and Application, 2019, 48(3): 16-19
[32] 欧阳本红, 赵健康, 李欢, 等. 交联副产物对高压XLPE电缆绝缘介电和力学性能的影响[J]. 绝缘材料, 2015, 48(5): 31-34, 39
OUYANG Benhong, ZHAO Jiankang, LI Huan, et al. Influence of crosslinking by-products on dielectric and mechanical properties of XLPE cable insulation[J]. Insulating Materials, 2015, 48(5): 31-34, 39
[33] 任虹光, 武拥建. 基于热失重法的高压交联电缆副产物释放研究[J]. 机械, 2017, 44(3): 10-13
REN Hongguang, WU Yongjian. Research of high voltage XLPE cable's byproducts release by thermal weightlessness method[J]. Machinery, 2017, 44(3): 10-13
[34] 屠亦军, 张洪亮, 高震, 等. 脱气处理对交联聚乙烯中交联副产物及空间电荷特性的影响[J]. 绝缘材料, 2018, 51(4): 58-63
TU Yijun, ZHANG Hongliang, GAO Zhen, et al. Effects of degassing treatment on crosslinking byproducts and space charge characteristics in cross-linked polyethylene[J]. Insulating Materials, 2018, 51(4): 58-63
[35] HANLEY T L, BURFORD R P, FLEMING R J, et al. A general review of polymeric insulation for use in HVDC cables[J]. IEEE Electrical Insulation Magazine, 2003, 19(1): 13-24.
[36] 谢书鸿, 傅明利, 尹毅, 等. 中国交联聚乙烯绝缘高压直流电缆发展的三级跳: 从160kV到200kV再到320kV[J]. 南方电网技术, 2015, 9(10): 5-12
XIE Shuhong, FU Mingli, YIN Yi, et al. Triple Jumps of XLPE insulated HVDC cable development in China: from 160 kV to 200 kV and then to 320 kV[J]. Southern Power System Technology, 2015, 9(10): 5-12
[37] 钟力生, 任海洋, 曹亮, 等. 挤包绝缘高压直流电缆的发展[J]. 高电压技术, 2017, 43(11): 3473-3489
ZHONG Lisheng, REN Haiyang, CAO Liang, et al. Development of high voltage direct current extruded cables[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2017, 43(11): 3473-3489
[38] 赵健康, 赵鹏, 陈铮铮, 等. 高压直流电缆绝缘材料研究进展评述[J]. 高电压技术, 2017, 43(11): 3490-3503
ZHAO Jiankang, ZHAO Peng, CHEN Zhengzheng, et al. Review on progress of HVDC cables insulation materials[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2017, 43(11): 3490-3503
[39] 邓显波, 欧阳本红, 孔祥海, 等. 大截面高压电缆导体交流电阻的优化[J]. 高电压技术, 2016, 42(2): 522-527
DENG Xianbo, OUYANG Benhong, KONG Xianghai, et al. Optimization of AC resistance of large cross-section high-voltage cable conductor[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2016, 42(2): 522-527
[40] 额定电压500kV及以下直流输电用挤包绝缘电力电缆系统第1部分: 试验方法和要求: GB/T 31489.1—2015[S]. 2015.
[41] 张洪亮, 谢书鸿, 尹毅, 等. 厦门柔直工程±320kV直流电缆绝缘及外护层结构选型与论证[J]. 高电压技术, 2016, 42(10): 3139-3146
ZHANG Hongliang, XIE Shuhong, YIN Yi, et al. Selection and verification of insulation and sheath structure of ±320 kV DC cable for Xiamen flexible DC transmission project[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2016, 42(10): 3139-3146
[42] Recommendations for testing DC extruded cable systems for power transmission at a rated voltage up to 500 kV: CIGRE TB 496−2012[S]. 2012.
[43] 张洪亮, 张建民, 谢书鸿, 等. 高压直流陆缆及海缆用大截面型线导体纵向阻水方式研究及验证[J]. 高电压技术, 2017, 43(11): 3626-3633
ZHANG Hongliang, ZHANG Jianmin, XIE Shuhong, et al. Study and verification of large section and longitudinally water-blocking heteromorphic conductor for HVDC land and submarine cable[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2017, 43(11): 3626-3633
[44] 中天科技海缆有限公司. ±500kV柔性直流电缆及海缆用梯形单线阻水导体. 中国: ZL 201620848473.1[P]. 2017.04. 12.
[45] High voltage direct current(HVDC) power transmission-cables with extruded insulation and their accessories for rated voltages up to 320kV for land applications-Test methods and requirements: IEC 62895[S]. 2017.
[46] 何金良, 党斌, 周垚, 等. 挤压型高压直流电缆研究进展及关键技术述评[J]. 高电压技术, 2015, 41(5): 1417-1429
HE Jinliang, DANG Bin, ZHOU Yao, et al. Reviews on research progress and key technology in extruded cables for HVDC transmission[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2015, 41(5): 1417-1429
[47] 何金良, 彭琳, 周垚. 环保型高压直流电缆绝缘材料研究进展[J]. 高电压技术, 2017, 43(2): 337-343
HE Jinliang, PENG Lin, ZHOU Yao. Research progress of environment-friendly HVDC power cable insulation materials[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2017, 43(2): 337-343
[48] KIM D W, YOSHINO K. Morphological characteristics and electrical conduction in syndiotactic polypropylene[J]. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 2000, 33(4): 464-471.
[49] ZHOU Y, HE J L, HU J, et al. Evaluation of polypropylene/polyolefin elastomer blends for potential recyclable HVDC cable insulation applications[J]. IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, 2015, 22(2): 673-681.
[50] ZHOU Y, HE J L, HU J, et al. Surface-modified MgO nanoparticle enhances the mechanical and direct-current electrical characteristics of polypropylene/polyolefin elastomer nanodielectrics[J]. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2016, 133(1): 42863.
[51] BELLI S, PEREGO G, BAREGGI A, et al. P-Laser: Breakthrough in power cable systems[C]//2010 IEEE International Symposium on Electrical Insulation. San Diego, CA, USA. IEEE, 2010: 1-5.

挤包绝缘高压直流电缆应用现状与研究展望

Application Status and Research Prospects of HVDC Extruded Cables

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 3

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	徐晓彬, 刘爱静, 乐彦杰, 刘贺晨, 郭展鹏, 刘云鹏. 直流预压对针板电极下XLPE中空间电荷及电树枝的影响[J]. 中国电力, 2021, 54(4): 56-62,71.
[2]	贺逸飞, 吴锴, 吴洋, 汪京昊, 张春阳. 不同压力对EPDM中电荷输运的影响[J]. 中国电力, 2021, 54(4): 19-25.
[3]	聂永杰, 景钰, 张萌, 陈昊鹏, 赵现平, 赵腾飞, 项恩新, 王科, 鲁广昊, 朱远惟. 不同场强下新型绝缘聚合物的变色特性及其介电特性[J]. 中国电力, 2021, 54(11): 144-152.

模态框（Modal）标题

挤包绝缘高压直流电缆应用现状与研究展望

Application Status and Research Prospects of HVDC Extruded Cables

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 3

编辑推荐

Metrics