基于拖尾电流识别的断路器失灵保护判据与延时优化

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202409096

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

当断路器动作后，互感器一次侧电流突然减小，电感效应会使其二次侧形成拖尾电流，导致失灵保护返回时间过长，造成失灵保护误动。提出一种基于拖尾电流识别的断路器失灵保护综合判据，改善识别可靠性。首先，分析互感器工作原理，探究断路器失灵保护受拖尾电流的影响机理；其次，将基于最小二乘法三点窗算法与Fréchet距离算法结合，构建一种拖尾电流的快速可靠识别综合判据；最后，根据断路器失灵保护动作时延构成和要求，对断路器失灵保护延时进行优化，所提方法能够有效避免断路器失灵保护的误动。

关键词: 断路器, 失灵保护, 拖尾电流, 延时优化

Abstract:

When the circuit breaker acts, the current on the primary side of the current transformer suddenly decreases, and the inductive effect will form a tail current on secondary side, which will cause the time of return of the failure protection to be too long, resulting in the failure protection maloperation. A comprehensive criterion for the identification of circuiter failure protection based on tail current is proposed to improve the reliability of identification. Firstly, the working principle of the current transformer is analyzed, and the mechanism of the influence the tail current on the failure protection of the circuit breaker is explored. Secondly, the minimum algorithm and Fréchet distance algorithm are combined to construct a fast and reliable of the tail current comprehensive judgment criteria; Finally, according to the action delay and requirements of the circuit breaker failure protection, the delay of the circuit breaker failure protection optimized. The proposed method can effectively avoid the maloperation of the circuit breaker failure protection.

Key words: circuit breaker, failure protection, tailing current, delay optimization

陈祥文, 刘阳, 赵青春, 张今, 金明亮, 徐晓春, 王玉龙, 谢华. 基于拖尾电流识别的断路器失灵保护判据与延时优化[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(6): 198-205.

CHEN Xiangwen, LIU Yang, ZHAO Qingchun, ZHANG Jin, JIN Mingliang, XU Xiaochun, WANG Yulong, XIE Hua. Criterion and Delay Optimization of Circuit Breaker Failure Protection Based on Tail Current Recognition[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(6): 198-205.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202409096

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V58/I6/198

图/表 10

图 1 等效电路

Fig.1 Equivalent circuit

图 2 经典失灵保护逻辑框

Fig.2 Classic breaker failure protection

图 3 断路器失灵保护逻辑

Fig.3 Circuit breaker malfunction protection logic

图 4 情景1下的仿真结果

Fig.4 Simulation results under scenario 1

图 5 情景2下的仿真结果

Fig.5 Simulation results under scenario 2

图 6 情景3下的仿真结果

Fig.6 Simulation results under scenario 3

图 7 情景4下的仿真结果

Fig.7 Simulation results under scenario 4

图 8 采样电流波形和算法对比

Fig.8 Comparison of sampled current waveforms and algorithms

图 9 加入噪声情况下的仿真对比

Fig.9 Simulation comparison under the condition of adding noise

表 1 各地区失灵保护动作时间

Table 1 Time of malfunction protection operation in various regions

序号	地区	动作时间
1	北美地区	10周波
2	英国电网	7~8.8周波
3	加拿大	9周波
5	马来西亚	7.5 周波
6	南方电网	8周波

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