融合切比雪夫距离和修正余弦相似度算法的保护二次回路测量误差识别方法

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202508007

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

准确识别保护装置二次回路测量误差，对提高保护可靠性、保障电力系统稳定运行至关重要。为此，提出一种采用熵值权重法融合切比雪夫距离与修正余弦相似度算法（entropy-based weight-Chebyshev distance and modified cosine similarity，EBW-CDMCS）的方法对保护装置二次回路测量误差进行准确识别。首先，为了确保数据分析的准确性和一致性，对测得的2组数据进行标准化预处理。通过切比雪夫距离和修正余弦相似度算法分别得到2组采样点数据之间的距离值，表征数据的离散性。然后，利用熵值权重法计算2组距离值的权重，融合得到EBW-CDMCS距离指标。最后，通过对正常工况下的二次回路测量电流数据进行分析，设定合适的阈值，将计算得到的EBM-CDMCS距离指数与阈值进行比较，识别二次回路中可能存在的测量误差。基于PSCAD搭建220kV变电站模型，仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性和准确性。

关键词: 测量误差识别, 切比雪夫距离, 修正余弦相似度, 熵值权重法, 保护装置二次回路

Abstract:

Correctly identifying the measurement error of the protection secondary circuit is crucial to improving protection reliability and ensuring stable operation of the power system.Therefore, a method using the entropy weight-based fusion of Chebyshev distance and modified cosine similarity algorithm (EBW-CDMCS) is proposed to accurately identify measurement errors of the protection secondary circuits. Firstly, in order to ensure the accuracy and consistency of data analysis, two sets of measured data undergo standardized preprocessing, and the distance values between the two sets of sampled data are obtained using the Chebyshev distance and the modified cosine similarity algorithm, respectively, to characterize the dispersion of the data. Then, the entropy-based weight method is used to calculate the weights of the two sets of distance values, which are then fused to obtain the EBW-CDMCS distance index. Finally, by analyzing the measured current data of the secondary circuit under normal operating conditions, an appropriate threshold is set. The calculated EBW-CDMCS distance index is compared with this threshold to identify potential measurement errors in the secondary circuit. A 220kV substation model was built based on PSCAD, and simulation results verified the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method.

Key words: measurement error identification, Chebyshev distance, modified cosine similarity, entropy-based weight, protection secondary circuit

王海明, 王剑锋, 王仲源, 姜佳利, 翁汉琍. 融合切比雪夫距离和修正余弦相似度算法的保护二次回路测量误差识别方法[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(12): 165-177.

WANG Haiming, WANG Jianfeng, WANG Zhongyuan, JIANG Jiali, WENG Hanli. Measurement Error Identification of Protection Secondary Circuit by Fusing Chebyshev Distance and Modified Cosine Similarity Algorithms[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(12): 165-177.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202508007

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V58/I12/165

图/表 20

图 1 常见误差

Fig.1 Common error

图 2 实际厂站拓扑（局部）

Fig.2 Actual plant topology (local)

图 3 固定误差下2种算法对比

Fig.3 Comparison of two algorithms under fixed error

图 4 失效误差下2种算法对比

Fig.4 Comparison of two algorithms under failure error

图 5 漂移误差下2种算法对比

Fig.5 Comparison of two algorithms under drifting errors

图 6 精度下降误差下2种算法对比

Fig.6 Comparison of two algorithms under accuracy degradation error

图 7 噪声点下2种算法对比

Fig.7 Comparison of two algorithms under noisy points

图 8 正常工况下iSA、iTLA测量值及d曲线

Fig.8 The measured values of iSA, iTLA, and the d curve under normal operating conditions

图 9 固定误差下iSA、iTLA测量值及d曲线

Fig.9 the measured values of iSA, iTLA, and the d curve under fixed error

图 10 失效误差下iSA、iTLA测量值及d曲线

Fig.10 The measured values of iSA, iTLA, and the d curve under failure error

图 11 漂移误差下iSA、iTLA测量值及d曲线

Fig.11 The measured values of iSA, iTLA, and the d curve under drifting error

图 12 精度下降误差下iSA、iTLA测量值及d曲线

Fig.12 The measured values of iSA, iTLA, and the d curve under accuracy degradation error

图 13 正常工况下iSA1、iSA2、iSA3测量值及d曲线

Fig.13 The measured values of iSA1, iSA2, iSA3, and the d curve under normal operating conditions

图 14 误差工况下iSA1、iSA2、iSA3测量值及d曲线

Fig.14 The measured values of iSA1, iSA2, iSA3, and the d curve under error conditions

图 15 正常工况下iTLA、iTLB、iTLC测量值及d曲线

Fig.15 The measured values of iTLA, iTLB, iTLC, and the d curve under normal operating conditions

图 16 误差工况下iTLA、iTLB、iTLC测量值及d曲线

Fig.16 The measured values of iTLA, iTLB, iTLC, and the d curve under error conditions

图 17 正常工况下iSA、iTLA、iTHA测量值

Fig.17 The measured values of iSA, iTLA, iTHA under normal operating conditions

图 18 正常工况下iSA、iTLA、iTHA（归算）测量值及d曲线

Fig.18 The measured values of iSA, iTLA, iTHA (calculated), and the d curve under normal operating conditions

图 19 误差工况下iSA、iTLA、iTHA（归算）测量值及d曲线

Fig.19 The measured values of iSA, iTLA, iTHA(calculated), and the d curve under error conditions

表 1 不同误差下的误差识别准确率

Table 1 Error recognition accuracy under different errors

误差值/%	固定误差/%	失效误差/%	漂移误差/%	精度下降误差/%
2	63.13	68.27	69.74	68.54
5	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
10	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00

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