基于录波数据的全域继电保护时钟失步智能校核系统设计

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202512042

中国电力 ›› 2026, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (5): 97-108.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202512042

基于录波数据的全域继电保护时钟失步智能校核系统设计

石恒初¹(), 陈晓帆¹(), 游昊¹(), 虎啸¹(), 许守东², 关远鹏³

1. 云南电网有限责任公司，云南昆明　650011
2. 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院，云南昆明　650217
3. 广东工业大学自动化学院，广东广州　510006

收稿日期:2025-12-19 修回日期:2026-03-24 发布日期:2026-05-15 出版日期:2026-05-28
作者简介:
石恒初（1983），男，通信作者，硕士，高级工程师（教授级），从事电力系统继电保护研究，E-mail：93324244@qq.com
陈晓帆（1992），女，硕士，工程师，从事电力系统继电保护研究，E-mail：624614593@qq.com
游昊（1986），男，硕士，高级工程师，从事电力系统继电保护研究，E-mail：403168654@qq.com
虎啸（1994），女，硕士，工程师，从事电力系统继电保护研究，E-mail：1877905632@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（62301168）；云南电网有限责任公司科技项目（YNKJXM20240221）。

Design of global relay protection clock desynchronization intelligent verification system based on waveform recording data

SHI Hengchu¹(), CHEN Xiaofan¹(), YOU Hao¹(), HU Xiao¹(), XU Shoudong², GUAN Yuanpeng³

1. Yunnan Power Grid Co., Ltd., Kunming 650011, China
2. Electric Power Research Institute of Yunnan Power Grid Co., Ltd., Kunming 650217, China
3. School of Automation, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China

Received:2025-12-19 Revised:2026-03-24 Online:2026-05-15 Published:2026-05-28
Supported by:
This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.62301168); Science and Technology Project of Yunnan Power Grid Co., Ltd. (No.YNKJXM20240221).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

继电保护装置的时间同步对新型电力系统故障后的事故分析和动作追溯至关重要。为解决传统时钟监测覆盖不全、同步校正依赖人工、缺乏统一管理平台的问题，建立基于录波数据的全域继电保护时钟失步智能校核系统。系统依托现有录波主–子站架构，在主站侧部署继电保护时钟失步在线监测单元，统一接入多厂站录波数据，设计分时段远程启动监测和同源数据比对监测两类方案，实现故障与非故障场景下的全域保护装置时钟偏差在线监测。在此基础上，系统内置以“时钟偏差-漂移率”为状态变量的卡尔曼滤波智能校核算法，在考虑测量噪声影响的条件下对多时刻观测结果进行滤波与预测估计，生成更精准的偏差校准量。应用结果表明，系统可有效监测出时钟失步的继电保护装置，并可将同步校准后装置时钟偏差稳定控制在20 ms以内，有利于开展继电保护装置时钟失步下的事故后分析和时钟同步状态运行维护。

关键词: 录波数据, 继电保护装置, 时钟失步监测, 时钟偏差计算, 状态运行维护

Abstract:

Time synchronization of protective relay devices is essential for post-fault incident analysis and action tracing in new power systems. To address the limitations of incomplete clock monitoring coverage, reliance on manual synchronization correction, and lack of a unified management platform, this paper establishes a global clock desynchronization intelligent verification system for protective relay devices based on waveform recording data. Leveraging the existing master-slave waveform recording architecture, the system deploys an online monitoring unit for relay protection clock desynchronization at the master station, which centrally accesses wave recording data from multiple substations. Two schemes are designed, namely time-phased remote startup monitoring and homologous data comparison monitoring, to realize online monitoring of clock-offset of global protection devices under both fault and non-fault conditions. On this basis, the system incorporates a Kalman filtering intelligent verification algorithm with clock-offset–drift rate as state variables, which filters and predicts multi-time observation results while considering the influence of measurement noise to generate more accurate deviation verification values. Field applications demonstrate that the system can effectively identify desynchronized relays and maintain the post-synchronization clock deviation of devices within 20 ms, which is conducive to post-incident analysis and operation maintenance of clock synchronization status under relay protection device clock desynchronization.

Key words: waveform recording data, protective relay device, clock desynchronization monitoring, clock-offset estimation, condition-based maintenance

石恒初, 陈晓帆, 游昊, 虎啸, 许守东, 关远鹏. 基于录波数据的全域继电保护时钟失步智能校核系统设计[J]. 中国电力, 2026, 59(5): 97-108.

SHI Hengchu, CHEN Xiaofan, YOU Hao, HU Xiao, XU Shoudong, GUAN Yuanpeng. Design of global relay protection clock desynchronization intelligent verification system based on waveform recording data[J]. Electric Power, 2026, 59(5): 97-108.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202512042

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V59/I5/97

图/表 9

图 1 基于录波数据的全域继电保护时钟失步智能校核系统架构

Fig.1 Architecture of global relay protection clock asynchronism intelligent verification system based on waveform recording data

表 1 分时段远程启动参数配置

Table 1 Parameter configuration of time-periodic remote activation

运行工况	时段范围	启动间隔/min
高峰前	07:00—08:30	15
平稳时段	10:00—15:00	30
低谷前	20:00—21:40	20

图 2 时钟偏差误差对比

Fig.2 Comparison of clock offset errors

图 3 基于卡尔曼滤波的漂移率跟踪

Fig.3 Drift rate tracking based on Kalman filter

表 2 基于远程启动录波时钟偏差分析

Table 2 Clock-offset analysis based on remote activation recording

测试录波设备名称	下发启动指令时刻	录波启动时刻	总延时/s	修正时钟偏差/s
AA变电站的 220 kV录波	2025-03-21T 15:44:28.302	2025-03-21T 15:44:28.364	0.045	0.017
BB变电站的 2号主变录波	2025-03-21T 15:44:28.302	2025-03-21T 15:44:28.380	0.064	0.014
CC变电站的 110 kV录波	2025-03-21T 15:44:28.302	2025-03-21T 15:46:29.404	0.078	121.024
DD变电站的 110 kV录波	2025-03-21T 15:44:28.302	2025-03-21T 15:45:30.417	0.082	62.033
EE变电站的 3号主变录波	2025-03-21T 15:44:28.302	2025-03-21T 15:44:28.381	0.067	0.012

图 4 传输线路拓扑结构

Fig.4 Transmission line topology structure

图 5 DD变电站的录波数据波形

Fig.5 Waveforms of wave recording data in DD substation

图 6 FF变电站的录波数据波形

Fig.6 Waveforms of wave recording data in FF substation

表 3 卡尔曼滤波参数

Table 3 Kalman filter parameters

类别	参数
过程噪声方差矩阵	$ {Q}_{i}={\rm{diag}}({(0.5 \;\rm ms)}^{2},{(2\times {{10}^{-4}}\;\rm ms/s)}^{2}) $
测量噪声方差	$ {R}_{i}={(1 \;\rm ms)}^{2} $
时钟漂移率	$ 1\times {10}^{-3}\;\rm ms/s $

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基于录波数据的全域继电保护时钟失步智能校核系统设计

Design of global relay protection clock desynchronization intelligent verification system based on waveform recording data

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基于录波数据的全域继电保护时钟失步智能校核系统设计

Design of global relay protection clock desynchronization intelligent verification system based on waveform recording data

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