六边形变换器电容电压纹波抑制机理及控制策略

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202602001

中国电力 ›› 2026, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (5): 109-117.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202602001

六边形变换器电容电压纹波抑制机理及控制策略

舒军¹(), 易杨²(), 陈正丰², 卢忠鹏², 黄艺炜², 刘达锐², 张艺明²

1. 东方电气（成都）创新研究有限公司，四川成都　611731
2. 福建省新能源发电与电能变换重点实验室（福州大学），福建福州　350108

收稿日期:2026-02-02 修回日期:2026-03-27 发布日期:2026-05-15 出版日期:2026-05-28
作者简介:
舒军（1987），男，硕士，高级工程师，从事电力电子技术在电力系统中的应用研究，E-mail：shujun@dongfang.com
易杨（1984），男，通信作者，博士，高级工程师，从事电力电子技术在电力系统中的应用、多电平变换器等研究，E-mail：yiyang@fzu.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（电动汽车充电系统的拓扑集成与协同控制研究，52577187）。

Capacitor voltage ripple suppression mechanism and control strategy for hexverter

SHU Jun¹(), YI Yang²(), CHEN Zhengfeng², LU Zhongpeng², HUANG Yiwei², LIU Darui², ZHANG Yiming²

1. Dongfang Electric (Chengdu) Innovation Research Co., Ltd., Chengdu 611731, China
2. Fujian Key Laboratory of New Energy Generation and Power Conversion, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China

Received:2026-02-02 Revised:2026-03-27 Online:2026-05-15 Published:2026-05-28
Supported by:
This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Research on Topology Integration and Coordinated Control of Electric Vehicle Charging Systems, No.52577187).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在低频工况下，为抑制六边形变换器（Hexverter）子模块电容低频电压纹波，须提升直流电容容量，致使变换器体积与成本显著增加。为降低对直流电容的设计需求，提出一种电容电压纹波抑制机理及控制策略。基于Hexverter交流正序网络模型，分析子模块电容的充放电功率特性，建立了电容电压纹波的解析模型。通过Hexverter零序网络模型，推导零序交流环流与零序转移功率之间的定量关系，阐明基于特定次零序交流环流注入的电压纹波抑制机理。在此基础上，基于传统Hexverter控制策略，提出含电压纹波抑制控制环节的Hexverter复合控制策略，实现对子模块电容电压纹波抑制。仿真结果表明，所提控制策略能够显著降低电容电压纹波，验证了该电压纹波抑制机理的正确性与有效性。

关键词: 六边形变换器, 低频电压纹波, 零序网络模型, 特定次零序交流环流注入, 电压纹波抑制

Abstract:

At low-frequency operating conditions, the submodule capacitor voltage ripple in Hexverter increases significantly, leading to higher capacitance requirements and resulting in increased converter volume and cost. To alleviate the design constraints on DC support capacitors, this paper proposes a capacitor voltage ripple suppression mechanism and control strategy. Based on the AC positive-sequence network model of the Hexverter, the charging and discharging power characteristics of the submodule capacitors are analyzed, and an analytical model of the capacitor voltage ripple is established. Furthermore, through the zero-sequence network model of the Hexverter, the quantitative relationship between the zero-sequence AC circulating current and the zero-sequence transferred power is derived, clarifying the voltage ripple suppression mechanism based on the injection of specific-order zero-sequence AC circulating currents. On this basis, combined with the conventional Hexverter control strategy, a compound control strategy for the Hexverter incorporating a ripple suppression loop is proposed to effectively suppress the submodule capacitor voltage ripple. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed control strategy can significantly reduce the capacitor voltage ripple, verifying its feasibility and effectiveness.

Key words: Hexverter, low-frequency voltage ripple, zero-sequence network model, specific-order zero-sequence AC circulating current injection, voltage ripple suppression

舒军, 易杨, 陈正丰, 卢忠鹏, 黄艺炜, 刘达锐, 张艺明. 六边形变换器电容电压纹波抑制机理及控制策略[J]. 中国电力, 2026, 59(5): 109-117.

SHU Jun, YI Yang, CHEN Zhengfeng, LU Zhongpeng, HUANG Yiwei, LIU Darui, ZHANG Yiming. Capacitor voltage ripple suppression mechanism and control strategy for hexverter[J]. Electric Power, 2026, 59(5): 109-117.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202602001

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2026/V59/I5/109

图/表 11

图 1 Hexverter 典型拓扑结构

Fig.1 Hexverter tolopogy

图 2 Hexverter交流正序网络模型

Fig.2 Positive sequence network model of Hexverter

图 3 Hexverter零序网络模型

Fig.3 Zero-sequence network model of Hexverter

图 4 Hexverter复合控制原理

Fig.4 Block of compound control for Hexverter

图 5 仿真的主电路接线原理

Fig.5 Schematic of main circuit for simulation

表 1 仿真参数

Table 1 Main parameters

参数	值
每个桥臂串联的子模块数量/个	6
子模块电容容量/mF	10
桥臂等效电感/mH	1
桥臂等效电阻/Ω	0.05
子模块电容额定直流电压/V	4000
系统额定功率/(MV·A)	20
交流系统Ⅰ的频率*/Hz	50
交流系统Ⅱ的频率*/Hz	60
交流系统Ⅰ的额定线电压*/kV	10.50
交流系统Ⅱ的额定线电压*/kV	11.40

表 2 主要参数计算结果

Table 2 Calculation results of main parameters

参数	值	参数	值
$ {f}_{ {{Ⅰ}}}-{f}_{ {{Ⅱ}} } $	10 Hz	$ {{A}}_{{0x}} $	0.0521 p.u.
$ \Delta P_{m}^{{f}_{ {{Ⅰ}}}-{f}_{ {{Ⅱ}} }} $	2.72 e-4 p.u.	$ {{A}}_{{0y}} $	0.0275 p.u.
$ 2\Delta U_{\text{dc}m}^{{f}_{ {{Ⅰ}}}-{f}_{ {{Ⅱ}} }} $	0.096 p.u.	$ {\omega }_{0} $	31.4
$ \chi $	$ \text{π} /6 $	$ {\theta }_{0} $	$ 5\text{π} /6 $

图 6 直流电压纹波与注入零序交流电压幅值的关系

Fig.6 Relationship between DC voltage ripple and zero-sequence AC voltage magnitude

图 7 直流电压纹波与注入零序交流电压初相位的关系

Fig.7 Relationship between DC voltage ripple and zero-sequence AC voltage phase

图 8 直流电压纹波抑制控制仿真

Fig.8 Simulation results of DC voltage ripple suppression control

图 9 复合控制策略的动态性能仿真

Fig.9 Dynamic performance simulation of compound control strategy

参考文献 31

1	BARUSCHKA L, MERTENS A. A new 3-phase direct modular multilevel converter[C]//Proceedings of the 2011 14th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications. Birmingham, UK. IEEE, 2011: 1–10.
2	BARUSCHKA L, MERTENS A. A new three-phase AC/AC modular multilevel converter with six branches in hexagonal configuration[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 2013, 49 (3): 1400- 1410.
3	LAMBERT G, COSTABEBER A, WHEELER P, et al. A unidirectional insulated AC–DC converter based on the hexverter and multipulse-rectifier[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2020, 35 (3): 2363- 2371.
4	AGARWAL R, BHATTACHARYA T. Multiport fast-charging station architecture based on hexverter with high-frequency isolation[C]//2025 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition Asia (ECCE-Asia). Bengaluru, India. IEEE, 2025: 1–6.
5	王要强, 原博, 刘文君, 等. 九边形MMC单端口断路故障下等效六边形MMC控制[J]. 高电压技术, 2022, 48 (10): 4027- 4038.
	WANG Yaoqiang, YUAN Bo, LIU Wenjun, et al. Equivalent hexagonal MMC control under single-port open-circuit fault of nonagonal MMC[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2022, 48 (10): 4027- 4038.
6	刘飞, 高海祐, 刘文君, 等. 部分能量输入的三端口六边形MMC功率分析及环流控制[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39 (20): 6056- 6064, 6186.
	LIU Fei, GAO Haiyou, LIU Wenjun, et al. Power analysis and circulating current control of a partial energy input based three-port hexagonal MMC[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39 (20): 6056- 6064, 6186.
7	PEREDA J, GREEN T C. Direct modular multilevel converter with six branches for flexible distribution networks[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2016, 31 (4): 1728- 1737.
8	钱冲, 易杨, 许俊琪, 等. 六边形变换器在全功率抽水蓄能系统中的应用研究[J]. 电气开关, 2024, 62 (1): 24- 30, 39.
	QIAN Chong, YI Yang, XU Junqi, et al. Applied research of hexagonal converter in full power pumped storage system[J]. Electric Switchgear, 2024, 62 (1): 24- 30, 39.
9	王盼, 刘飞, 查晓明, 等. 双电机异步驱动的三端口级联多电平变换器及再生能量分配系统[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38 (6): 1799- 1809.
	WANG Pan, LIU Fei, ZHA Xiaoming, et al. Tri-port cascaded multilevel converter system for two-motor asynchronous drive and its regenerative energy distribution[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38 (6): 1799- 1809.
10	WANG P, LIU F, ZHA X M, et al. A regenerative hexagonal-cascaded multilevel converter for two-motor asynchronous drive[J]. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 2017, 5 (4): 1687- 1699.
11	肖晃庆, 甘慧辰, 黄莹, 等. 远海风电轻型化直流送出技术综述[J]. 高电压技术, 2025, 51 (6): 2702- 2719.
	XIAO Huangqing, GAN Huichen, HUANG Ying, et al. Review of lightweight DC transmission technology for offshore wind power[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2025, 51 (6): 2702- 2719.
12	程启明, 沈治超, 张梁, 等. 面向低频海上风电的六边形变换器李雅普诺夫函数控制策略[J]. 南方电网技术, 2025, 19 (8): 94- 106.
	CHENG Qiming, SHEN Zhichao, ZHANG Liang, et al. Lyapunov function control strategy of hexverter converter for low frequency offshore wind power[J]. Southern Power System Technology, 2025, 19 (8): 94- 106.
13	YI H R, DENG F J, ZHANG Y Q, et al. Bipolar modular AC–AC converter for low-frequency transmission[J]. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, 2024, 39 (12): 16256- 16267.
14	SAFDER M U, RIZVI S T H, MENG Y Q, et al. Low-frequency AC power transmission and distribution for subsea application using hexverter[J]. Electronics, 2020, 9 (1): 61.
15	孙浩, 徐友, 赵涛, 等. 储能型MMC低频均压混合控制策略[J]. 智慧电力, 2024, 52 (5): 8- 15.
	SUN Hao, XU You, ZHAO Tao, et al. Energy storage MMC low-frequency equalization hybrid control strategy[J]. Smart Power, 2024, 52 (5): 8- 15.
16	赵聪, 李耀华, 李子欣, 等. 混合型模块化多电平变流器电容优化设计[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2017, 37 (19): 5717- 5729.
	ZHAO Cong, LI Yaohua, LI Zixin, et al. Capacitance optimization design of hybrid modular multilevel converter[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2017, 37 (19): 5717- 5729.
17	黄艳辉, 刘飞, 刁晓光, 等. 一种紧凑式模块化多电平电池储能系统及其低频功率消除策略[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2025, 45 (23): 9405- 9416.
	HUANG Yanhui, LIU Fei, DIAO Xiaoguang, et al. A compact modular multilevel converter based battery energy storage system and its low-frequency power elimination strategy[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2025, 45 (23): 9405- 9416.
18	田若宁, 吴学智, 孙春桂, 等. 用于贯通式同相供电的全桥MMC子模块电容电压纹波抑制策略[J]. 铁道学报, 2025, 47 (11): 103- 115.
	TIAN Ruoning, WU Xuezhi, SUN Chungui, et al. Capacitor voltage ripple suppression strategy for full-bridge MMC submodules in continuous co-phase traction power supply systems[J]. Journal of the China Railway Society, 2025, 47 (11): 103- 115.
19	许建中, 李钰, 陆锋, 等. 降低MMC子模块电容电压纹波幅值的方法综述[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39 (2): 571- 584.
	XU Jianzhong, LI Yu, LU Feng, et al. A review of suppression methods for sub-module capacitor voltage ripple amplitudes in modular multilevel converters[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39 (2): 571- 584.
20	尹号, 于大川, 李梅航, 等. 基于串并联子模块的MMC电容电压纹波抑制策略[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2025, 45 (12): 171- 177, 244.
	YIN Hao, YU Dachuan, LI Meihang, et al. Capacitor voltage ripple suppression strategy for modular multilevel series/parallel converter[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2025, 45 (12): 171- 177, 244.
21	史先强, 杨仁炘, 方梓熙, 等. MMC低桥臂电流峰值控制方法研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2023, 43 (13): 5177- 5192.
	SHI Xianqiang, YANG Renxin, FANG Zixi, et al. Research on the control method for MMC with low arm current peak[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2023, 43 (13): 5177- 5192.
22	陈程, 薛花, 扈曾辉, 等. 桥臂不对称情形下MMC无源性PI控制方法[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56 (7): 107- 116, 124.
	CHEN Cheng, XUE Hua, HU Zenghui, et al. Passivity-based PI control method of MMC with asymmetric bridge arms[J]. Electric Power, 2023, 56 (7): 107- 116, 124.
23	方东平, 丘扬, 崔金栋, 等. 考虑电容电压纹波抑制的MMC最优降损控制策略[J]. 浙江电力, 2025, 44 (7): 82- 92.
	FANG Dongping, QIU Yang, CUI Jindong, et al. An optimal loss-reduction control strategy for MMC considering capacitor voltage ripple suppression[J]. Zhejiang Electric Power, 2025, 44 (7): 82- 92.
24	程启明, 张梁, 渠博岗, 等. 面向海上风电的M3C双频环流注入桥臂均压控制策略[J]. 智慧电力, 2025, 53 (5): 73- 81.
	CHENG Qiming, ZHANG Liang, QU Bogang, et al. Dual-frequency circulating current injection-based arm voltage balancing control strategy for M3C in offshore wind power applications[J]. Smart Power, 2025, 53 (5): 73- 81.
25	胡耀威, 周游, 程竟陵, 等. 应用于风力发电的MMC子模块新型电容降容控制[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2017, 41 (9): 151- 158.
	HU Yaowei, ZHOU You, CHENG Jingling, et al. Capacitance reduction control for sub-module of modular multilevel converter applied in wind power generation[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2017, 41 (9): 151- 158.
26	KARWATZKI D, BARUSCHKA L, VON HOFEN M, et al. Branch energy control for the modular multilevel direct converter Hexverter[C]//2014 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE). Pittsburgh, PA, USA. IEEE, 2014: 1613–1622.
27	ARBUGERI C A, MUSSA S A, HELDWEIN M L. AC–AC modular multilevel converter: hexverter[J]. Energies, 2022, 15 (22): 8519.
28	YI Y, YANG G, QIAN C, et al. Branch voltage balancing control strategy based on the transfer power model by zero-sequence circulating current for the hexverter[J]. IEEE Access, 2022, 10, 44326- 44336.
29	程启明, 沈治超, 王为涛, 等. 电网电压不平衡下六边形变换器的微分平坦控制策略[J]. 智慧电力, 2024, 52 (3): 94- 101, 109.
	CHENG Qiming, SHEN Zhichao, WANG Weitao, et al. Differential flattening control strategy for hexagonal converters under unbalanced grid voltage[J]. Smart Power, 2024, 52 (3): 94- 101, 109.
30	MENG Y Q, ZOU Y C, LI H X, et al. A global asymptotical stable control scheme for a Hexverter in fractional frequency transmission systems[J]. Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy, 2019, 7 (6): 1495- 1506.
31	YANG F, WANG X H, GUO H S, et al. A branch energy control strategy for Hexverter based on branch power hierarchical modeling[C]//2022 9th International Forum on Electrical Engineering and Automation (IFEEA). Zhuhai, China. IEEE, 2023: 999–1007.

六边形变换器电容电压纹波抑制机理及控制策略

Capacitor voltage ripple suppression mechanism and control strategy for hexverter

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 11

参考文献 31

相关文章 0

编辑推荐

Metrics

模态框（Modal）标题

六边形变换器电容电压纹波抑制机理及控制策略

Capacitor voltage ripple suppression mechanism and control strategy for hexverter

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 11

参考文献 31

相关文章 0

编辑推荐

Metrics