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海上风电多端柔直系统分层分布式频率支撑协同控制策略

Hierarchical distributed coordinated control strategy for frequency support of voltage source converter based multi-terminal direct current system integrating offshore wind farms

  • 摘要: 大规模海上风电经多端柔性直流输电接入陆上电网,使得系统中的不确定性电源占比升高,增加了系统调频资源的协同控制难度,影响区域电网的频率安全稳定。针对上述问题,提出了一种基于一致性算法的海上风电多端柔直系统分层分布式频率支撑协同控制策略。在陆上换流站层,以不同陆上电网的频率作为一致性指标,设计陆上换流站有功指令的控制律,在确保无频率扰动的陆上电网频率安全的前提下,实现陆上换流站尽可能多地向发生频率扰动的陆上电网提供有功功率支援;在海上风电场层,以海上风电场的有功变化量与最大调频功率的比值作为一致性指标,设计海上风电场下垂系数的控制律,实现频率支撑能力各异的海上风电场调频功率的合理分配。以三送三受型大规模海上风电经多端柔直并网系统为例进行仿真验证,结果表明:所提控制策略可以充分发挥不同陆上换流站的频率支撑互济能力和不同海上风电场的频率支撑能力,有效提升陆上区域电网的频率稳定性。

     

    Abstract: The integration of large-scale offshore wind farms into onshore power grids via voltage source converter based multi-terminal direct current (VSC-MTDC) increases the proportion of uncertain power sources in the system, which raises the difficulty of coordinated control for system frequency regulation resources and affects the frequency security and stability of regional power grids. To address the above issues, a hierarchical distributed coordinated control strategy based on the consensus algorithm is proposed for frequency support of VSC-MTDC integrating offshore wind farms. For the onshore converter stations, the control law of their active power commands is designed with the frequency of different onshore power grids as the consensus index. On the premise of ensuring the frequency security of onshore power grids without frequency disturbances, the onshore converter stations can provide as much active power support as possible to the disturbed onshore power grids. For the offshore wind farms, the control law of their droop coefficient for offshore wind farms is designed with the ratio of active power variation to the maximum frequency regulation capacity of offshore wind farms as the consensus index. It realizes the reasonable allocation of frequency regulation power among offshore wind farms with different frequency support capabilities. The simulation verification is carried out on a three-sending and three-receiving VSC-MTDC system integrating large-scale offshore wind farms. The simulation results show that the proposed control strategy can fully exploit the mutual frequency support capability of different onshore converter stations and the frequency support capability of different offshore wind farms, effectively improving the frequency stability of onshore regional power grids.

     

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