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基于耗散能量流的电力系统振荡源定位方法综述

Review on power system oscillation source location methods based on dissipating energy flow

  • 摘要: 随着新能源和电力电子设备的大规模接入,电力系统振荡由传统低频振荡逐步扩展至次/超同步及中高频范围,宽频振荡已成为影响新型电力系统安全稳定运行的重要问题。快速准确地定位振荡源是开展振荡抑制和风险处置的重要前提。能量法通过刻画振荡能量的注入、传输与耗散过程,将振荡源定位问题转化为能量流向与能量产生/消耗判别问题,具有物理意义明确、模型依赖性较低、适合基于广域量测数据开展在线应用等优势。围绕基于耗散能量流(dissipating energy flow,DEF)的电力系统振荡源定位方法展开综述。首先,梳理宽频振荡现象、频段特征及振荡持续机理,从能量注入与阻尼耗散关系出发阐明负阻尼振荡和强迫振荡的能量本质;其次,以DEF为主线,系统归纳经典DEF、复耗散能量流(complex dissipating energy flow,CDEF)、割集能量法、频域/时频域扩展方法以及多模态分解辅助方法的基本原理、工程适用性与局限性;在此基础上,进一步分析DEF系列方法对宽频振荡源定位的适应性;最后,围绕所述方法向宽频振荡源定位场景拓展时面临的多源多模态耦合、量测数据质量与宽频量测适配、设备内部振荡源辨识、在线计算效率和工程标准化等问题,总结主要挑战并展望未来研究方向,为新型电力系统宽频振荡源定位方法研究与工程应用提供参考。

     

    Abstract: With the large-scale integration of renewable energy and power-electronic devices, power system oscillations have gradually extended from traditional low-frequency oscillations to sub-/super-synchronous and medium-/high-frequency bands. Wide-band oscillations have become a critical issue affecting the secure and stable operation of new-type power systems. Fast and accurate oscillation-source location is an important prerequisite for oscillation suppression and risk mitigation. By characterizing the injection, transmission, and dissipating processes of oscillation energy, energy-based methods transform the oscillation-source-location problem into the identification of energy flow direction and energy generation/consumption, offering advantages such as clear physical interpretation, low model dependence, and good suitability for online applications based on wide-area measurement data. This paper reviews power system oscillation-source location methods for power systems based on the dissipating energy flow (DEF). First, wide-band oscillation phenomena, frequency-band characteristics, and oscillation sustaining mechanisms are summarized, and the energy essence of negative-damping oscillations and forced oscillations is clarified from the perspective of energy injection and damping dissipation. Second, with dissipating energy flow (DEF) as the main thread, this paper systematically reviews the basic principles, engineering applicability and limitations of classical DEF, complex dissipating energy flow (CDEF), cut-set energy method, frequency-domain/time-frequency-domain extension methods, and multi-mode decomposition-assisted methods. On this basis, the adaptability of DEF-based methods for wide-band oscillation-source location is further analyzed. Finally, the major challenges in extending the reviewed methods to wide-band oscillation-source location are summarized, and future research directions are discussed, including multi-source and multi-mode coupling, measurement data quality and wide-band measurement adaptability, internal oscillation source identification of devices, online computational efficiency, and engineering standardization. This work can provide references for the research and engineering application of wide-band oscillation-source location methods in new-type power systems.

     

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