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基于一阶调速等值的可再生能源电力系统频率响应与计算建模

Frequency response and calculation modeling of power system with renewable energy integration based on first-order governor equivalence

  • 摘要: 随着可再生能源发电的大规模接入,电力系统呈现电力电子化、低惯量等特征,系统频率动态响应加剧,频率最低点的准确计算及全过程频率表达式的推导成为频率安全分析中的关键问题。针对传统频率等值模型未考虑可再生能源场站动态特性、人工智能方法泛化能力不足等问题,在一阶调速系统等值频率响应(first-order equivalent governor frequency response,FASF)开环模型的基础上,引入可再生能源场站通用频率响应模型,并将调速器线性反馈输入改进为二次函数形式,实现了系统频率变化全过程解析表达式的推导。进一步,从频率最低点计算精度和频率动态曲线匹配度2个方面,将所提模型的计算结果与PSCAD时域仿真结果进行对比验证,并在不同惯量水平和可再生能源渗透率场景下开展算例分析。结果表明:所提方法在保证计算精度的前提下显著降低计算复杂度,能够实现快速在线频率计算,具有良好的泛化能力和工程适用性。研究成果可为可再生能源电力系统的频率安全评估与调度优化提供理论支撑。

     

    Abstract: With the large-scale integration of renewable energy generation, power systems are exhibiting characteristics such as power electronics dominance and low inertia. Consequently, the system frequency dynamic response intensifies, making the accurate calculation of the frequency nadir and the derivation of the full-process frequency expression critical issues in frequency security analysis. To address the shortcomings of traditional frequency equivalent models, which overlook the dynamic characteristics of renewable energy stations, and the insufficient generalization ability of artificial intelligence methods, this paper builds upon the open-loop model of the first-order equivalent governor frequency response (FASF) model. It introduces a generic frequency response model for renewable energy stations and improves the linear feedback input of the governor into a quadratic function form, thereby achieving the derivation of an analytical expression for the entire frequency variation process. Furthermore, the calculation results of the proposed model are compared and validated against PSCAD time-domain simulation results in terms of both frequency nadir calculation accuracy and frequency dynamic curve matching. Case studies are conducted under scenarios with varying inertia levels and renewable energy penetration rates. The results demonstrate that the proposed method significantly reduces computational complexity while ensuring calculation accuracy, enables fast online frequency calculation, and possesses good generalization ability and engineering applicability. The research findings can provide theoretical support for frequency security assessment and dispatch optimization of renewable energy power systems.

     

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