Abstract: With the expansion of power grid scale and the intensification of equipment aging issues, the identification and prevention of potential risks in substation operation and maintenance have become significantly more challenging. Traditional safety management methods exhibit notable shortcomings in coverage scope and targeted measures. To address this issue, a risk identification and prevention strategy based on Job Hazard and Hazard Operability Analysis (JHA-HAZOP) is proposed. First, the substation operation and maintenance process is decomposed into tasks using Job Hazard Analysis (JHA) to establish a systematic analytical framework. Second, the deviation identification logic from Hazard and Operability Analysis (HAZOP) is introduced to create a quantitative mapping model for deviation recognition and risk control, enabling systematic identification and assessment of potential risks. Finally, an information technology-based safety risk control system is developed to achieve closed-loop risk management. Simulation and case validation demonstrate that the introduction of a benefit-cost ratio model shows that optimal solutions in typical scenarios achieve approximately 66.7% higher input-output efficiency compared to conventional approaches. The proposed method outperforms traditional methods in both management precision and resource allocation efficiency, effectively enhancing the safety management level of substation operations.