2 MW永磁直驱风机主控系统的设计与应用

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202006082

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 风机主控系统是大型风力发电机组的核心与关键系统，为实现某2 MW永磁直驱风力发电机组在无人值守下的安全稳定运行，设计一种基于PLC的风机主控系统。研究基于状态机的机组自启停控制策略与基于状态码的参数分级报警方法，设计基于环形缓冲区滑动窗口滚动更新的事件快照与故障录波方法，基于GH Bladed仿真建模验证转矩变桨联合控制策略。阐述系统的软、硬件体系架构，并基于Bachmann M-PLC软件完成控制器逻辑组态整体开发，该主控系统已成功应用到山东某风电场，实现无人值守。工程现场应用表明：该主控系统安全稳定，效果良好，为同类机组主控系统设计提供了参考。

关键词: 风力发电, 主控系统, PLC, 仿真支撑, 状态机, 自动启停, 无人值守

Abstract: The main control system is the core component of a large-scale wind turbine. This paper presents a main control system based on PLC, aiming to realize safe and stable operation for a 2 MW direct-driven permanent magnet wind turbine under unattended operation. The graded alarms based on the state code and the automatic start-up and shut-down system (APS) based on the state machine are introduced. An approach of event snapshot based on the ring buffer with sliding window scrolling update is designed to enhance the system analysis capabilities after incidents. A real-time simulation support platform is built on the basis of GH Bladed software to verify the torque–pitch joint control strategy. The software and hardware architectures are both expounded, and the overall development of the controller logic configuration was completed with Bachmann M-PLC software. The main control system has been successfully applied to a wind farm in Shandong Province, realizing unattended operation. The measured data of the wind turbine in a project site shows that the main control system is safe and stable and the control strategy is effective, providing a reference for the design and development of the main control system in similar wind turbines.

Key words: wind power, main control system, PLC, simulation support, state machine, APS, unattended operation

王奔, 牛洪海, 徐卫峰, 陈俊. 2 MW永磁直驱风机主控系统的设计与应用[J]. 中国电力, 2021, 54(9): 208-220.

WANG Ben, NIU Honghai, XU Weifeng, CHEN Jun. Design and Application of Main Control System for 2 MW Direct-Driven Permanent Magnet Wind Turbine[J]. Electric Power, 2021, 54(9): 208-220.

导出引用管理器 EndNote|Ris|BibTeX

链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202006082

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2021/V54/I9/208

参考文献

[1] 丁明, 王伟胜, 王秀丽, 等. 大规模光伏发电对电力系统影响综述[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2014, 34(1): 1-14
DING Ming, WANG Weisheng, WANG Xiuli, et al. A review on the effect of large-scale PV generation on power systems[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2014, 34(1): 1-14
[2] 霍志红, 郑源, 左潞. 风力发电机组控制技术[M]. 北京: 中国水利水电出版社, 2010.
[3] 于淼, 汤亚芳, 黄亦欣, 等. 双馈风机控制方式对继电保护影响的研究[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2020, 48(2): 180-187
YU Miao, TANG Yafang, HUANG Yixin,et al. Research on the influence of control mode of DFIG on relay protection[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2020, 48(2): 180-187
[4] 方云熠, 曾喆昭, 刘晴, 等. 永磁直驱风力发电系统最大功率跟踪非线性抗扰控制[J]. 电力系统保护与控制, 2019, 47(05): 145-151
FANG Yunyi, ZENG Zhezhao, LIU Qing,et al. Maximum power point tracking with nonlinear disturbance rejection control for DPMSG wind power generation system[J]. Power System Protection and Control, 2019, 47(05): 145-151
[5] 夏长亮, 宋战锋. 变速恒频风力发电系统变桨距自抗扰控制[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2007, 27(14): 91-95
XIA Changliang, SONG Zhanfeng. Pitch control of variable speed constant frequency wind turbines based on active-disturbance-rejection controller[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2007, 27(14): 91-95
[6] 廖勇, 何金波, 姚骏, 等. 基于变桨距和转矩动态控制的直驱永磁同步风力发电机功率平滑控制[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2009, 29(18): 71-77
LIAO Yong, HE Jinbo, YAO Jun, et al. Power smoothing control strategy of direct-driven permanent magnet synchronous generator for wind turbine with pitch angle control and torque dynamic control[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2009, 29(18): 71-77
[7] 王斌, 吴焱, 丁宏, 等. 变速变桨距风电机组的高风速变桨距控制[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2010, 30(8): 81-83
WANG Bin, WU Yan, DING Hong, et al. Variable-pitch control of wind turbine at high wind speed[J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2010, 30(8): 81-83
[8] 周志超, 王成山, 郭力, 等. 变速变桨距风电机组的全风速限功率优化控制[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2015, 35(8): 1837-1844
ZHOU Zhichao, WANG Chengshan, GUO Li, et al. Output power curtailment control of variable-speed variable-pitch wind turbine generator at all wind speed regions[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2015, 35(8): 1837-1844
[9] 赵仁德, 王永军, 张加胜. 直驱式永磁同步风力发电系统最大功率追踪控制[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2009, 29(27): 106-111
ZHAO Rende, WANG Yongjun, ZHANG Jiasheng. Maximum power point tracking control of the wind energy generation system with direct-driven permanent magnet synchronous generators[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2009, 29(27): 106-111
[10] ZHANG L, LI H D, CHUNLIANG E, et al. Pitch control of large scale wind turbine based on fuzzy-PD method[C]//2008 Third International Conference on Electric Utility Deregulation and Restructuring and Power Technologies. Nanjing, China. IEEE, 2008: 2447-2452.
[11] 于建国, 边辉, 李强, 等. 国华永发风电场风电机组控制策略优化及变频器升级应用[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2019, 39(23): 6964-6970, 7109
YU Jianguo, BIAN Hui, LI Qiang, et al. Guohua yongfa wind farm wind turbine control strategy optimization and frequency converter upgrade application[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2019, 39(23): 6964-6970, 7109
[12] 詹俊. MW级风力发电机组软PLC平台研发[D]. 湘潭: 湘潭大学, 2013.
ZHAN Jun. Research of soft PLC platform in MW class wind power generator[D]. Xiangtan: Xiangtan University, 2013.
[13] 朱莲, 纪国瑞, 冯健, 等. 风机控制系统首出故障记录功能的设计及实现[J]. 应用能源技术, 2016(3): 39-43
ZHU Lian, JI Guorui, FENG Jian, et al. The design of SOE in the wind turbine controller system[J]. Applied Energy Technology, 2016(3): 39-43
[14] 马洪伟. 风力发电机组主控制系统的设计[J]. 电气应用, 2013, 32(16): 88-90
[15] 来长胜, 耿未. 基于PLC的风电机组控制系统设计[J]. 电力学报, 2013, 28(5): 429-432
LAI Changsheng, GENG Wei. Research on wind power control system based on PLC[J]. Journal of Electric Power, 2013, 28(5): 429-432
[16] 曹庆才, 张真真. 基于IPC的风力发电机组主控系统设计[J]. 电气自动化, 2017, 39(1): 23-24, 28
CAO Qingcai, ZHANG Zhenzhen. Design of a main control system for wind power generation sets based on IPC[J]. Electrical Automation, 2017, 39(1): 23-24, 28
[17] 赵伟, 杨柳青, 陈伟. 横河PLC主控风机的功率控制软件开发应用[J]. 东方汽轮机, 2012(2): 31-36, 62
ZHAO Wei, YANG Liuqing, CHEN Wei. The development and application of PPM software based on yokogawa PLC wind control system[J]. Dongfang Turbine, 2012(2): 31-36, 62
[18] 金利祥, 张德华, 陈绍聂, 等. 基于PLC的风力发电机组控制系统研究[J]. 机电工程, 2012, 29(2): 188-191
JIN Lixiang, ZHANG Dehua, CHEN Shaonie, et al. Research on control system of wind generation based on PLC[J]. Journal of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, 2012, 29(2): 188-191
[19] 叶飞. 基于数据驱动的风力发电机组系统辨识研究[D]. 杭州: 浙江大学, 2014.
YE Fei. Data-driven based system identification for wind turbines[D]. Hangzhou: Zhejiang University, 2014.
[20] MENG W, YANG Q, YING Y, et al. Adaptive power acquisition control of variable-speed wind energy conversion systems under inaccurate wind speed measurement[C]// American Control Conference. IEEE, 2013.
[21] 丁桂林, 叶伟, 颜毅斌. Bachmann PLC在风力发电机组控制系统中的应用[J]. 大功率变流技术, 2011(5): 26-29
DING Guilin, YE Wei, YAN Yibin. Application of Bachmann PLC in wind turbine control system[J]. High Power Converter Technology, 2011(5): 26-29
[22] 李林, 于惠钧, 张发明, 等. Bachmann PLC在XE82-2000型风电机组控制系统中的应用[J]. 新型工业化, 2017, 7(4): 13-17
LI Lin, YU Huijun, ZHANG Faming, et al. Application of Bachmann PLC in wind turbine control system[J]. The Journal of New Industrialization, 2017, 7(4): 13-17
[23] G L GARRAD Hassan. Bladed User Manual[M]. England: Garrad Hassan & Partners Ltd., 2012.
[24] 杨小川, 孟德虹, 王运涛, 等. 高尖速比下风力机塔影效应及叶片载荷特性研究[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2018, 38(9): 2649-2656, 2833
YANG Xiaochuan, MENG Dehong, WANG Yuntao, et al. Research on wind turbine with/without tower and load characteristic of blade at high tip-speed ratio[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2018, 38(9): 2649-2656, 2833