基于PSO的配电网谐波抑制与降损增效协同优化

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202503008

中国电力 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (8): 50-59.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202503008

• 交直流配电系统灵活资源规划运行及动态控制 • 上一篇下一篇

基于PSO的配电网谐波抑制与降损增效协同优化

栗志鹏¹(), 刘少博¹(), 杨浩¹, 董蕊¹, 祁琛峰², 沈硕¹, 赵鹏³()

1. 国网甘肃省电力公司数字化事业部，甘肃兰州　730050
2. 国网甘肃省电力公司陇南供电公司数字化通信部，甘肃兰州　730046
3. 重庆大学输配电装备及系统安全与新技术国家重点实验室，重庆　400042

收稿日期:2025-03-04 发布日期:2025-08-26 出版日期:2025-08-28
作者简介:
栗志鹏（1989），男，通信作者，硕士，工程师，从事电网数字化系统建设研究，E-mail：m13669354890@163.com
刘少博（1988），男，硕士，高级工程师，从事电网数字化研究，E-mail：liushb03@foxmail.com
赵鹏（1994），男，博士，副教授，从事新能源与电力系统潮流计算研究，E-mail：Gaocan2015@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（52077016）。

Synergistic Optimization of Harmonic Suppression and Loss Reduction in Distribution Networks Based on PSO

LI Zhipeng¹(), LIU Shaobo¹(), YANG Hao¹, DONG Rui¹, QI Chenfeng², SHEN Shuo¹, ZHAO Peng³()

1. Digitalization Division of State Grid Gansu Electric Power Company, Lanzhou 730050, China
2. Digital Communication Department of Longnan Power Supply Company of State Grid Gansu Electric Power Company, Lanzhou 730046, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400042, China

Received:2025-03-04 Online:2025-08-26 Published:2025-08-28
Supported by:
This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52077016).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

随着配电网复杂性日益增加以及对电能质量要求不断提高，谐波污染和网络损耗已成为影响新型电力系统稳定性和运行效率的关键因素。通过同步优化电容器和有源功率滤波器（active power filter，APF）的配置，实现谐波抑制与网络损耗最小化的双重目标。利用谐波功率流分析模型进行谐波评估，根据谐波穿透法进行频域建模。对失真配电网络中的电容器和APF的同步配置建模，利用粒子群优化（particle swarm optimization，PSO）算法解决电容器和APF同步配置的混合整数非线性规划问题。实验结果表明：适当配置电容器和APF能够显著改善网络的电压质量，所提的同步优化方法不仅在降低系统成本的同时，显著提高了新型电力系统配电网的电能质量和运行效率。

关键词: 谐波功率流, 配电网质量, 网络损耗

Abstract:

With the increasing complexity of distribution networks and the growing demand for power quality, harmonic pollution and network losses have become key factors affecting system stability and operational efficiency. This paper proposes an innovative approach based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, aimed at simultaneously optimizing the configuration of capacitors and active power filter (APF) to achieve the dual objectives of harmonic suppression and network loss minimization. First, a harmonic power flow analysis model is used to assess harmonics, with frequency-domain modeling based on the harmonic penetration method. Then, the simultaneous configuration of capacitors and APF in the distorted distribution network is modeled, and the mixed-integer nonlinear programming problem of optimizing the simultaneous configuration of capacitors and APF is solved using the PSO algorithm. Experimental results show that proper configuration of capacitors and APF significantly improves the network's voltage quality, the proposed synergistic optimization method not only reduces system costs but also significantly improves the network's power quality and operational efficiency.

Key words: harmonic power flow, distribution network quality, network loss

栗志鹏, 刘少博, 杨浩, 董蕊, 祁琛峰, 沈硕, 赵鹏. 基于PSO的配电网谐波抑制与降损增效协同优化[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(8): 50-59.

LI Zhipeng, LIU Shaobo, YANG Hao, DONG Rui, QI Chenfeng, SHEN Shuo, ZHAO Peng. Synergistic Optimization of Harmonic Suppression and Loss Reduction in Distribution Networks Based on PSO[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(8): 50-59.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202503008

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V58/I8/50

图/表 14

图 1 所提出的优化程序的流程

Fig.1 The flowchart of the proposed optimization procedure

图 2 IEEE 14节点测试网络

Fig.2 The IEEE 14-node test network

图 3 6脉冲换流器的谐波含量

Fig.3 The harmonic content of a six-pulse rectifier

图 4 第一项研究中优化电容器配置之前和之后的网络电压曲线

Fig.4 Network voltage profiles before and after optimizing capacitor placement in the first study

图 5 第一项研究中优化电容器分配之前和之后的网络电压的THD

Fig.5 THD factor of network voltages before and after optimizing capacitor allocation in the first study.

表 1 第一项研究中APF的优化配置结果

Table 1 Results of optimal APF configuration in the first study

位置（总线）	规格大小/%	电流有效值	APF 成本	最大 THD/%	最大 IHD/%	总成本/元
7	4	3.55	27400	5	3	66600
13	8	7.25	36900	5	3	66600

图 6 第一项研究中APF注入电流的谐波含量

Fig.6 Harmonic content of APF injection currents in the first study

图 7 第一项研究中APF最优配置之前和之后的网络电压THD因子

Fig.7 Network voltage THD factor before and after optimal configuration of APF in the first study

表 2 第二项研究中APF的优化配置结果

Table 2 Results of optimal APF configuration in the second study

位置（总线）		规格大小/%		电流有效值		APF 成本		最大 THD/%		最大 IHD/%		总成本/ 元
7		7		6.4		32,400		4.99		3		35100

表 3 研究成本结果的比较

Table 3 Comparison of research cost results

研究	电容器成本/元	APF成本/元	损耗/kW	总成本/元
1	13896	66600	961	241983
2	14999	35100	1279	264942
3	13779	44100	997	225417

表 4 不同优化算法的性能对比

Table 4 Performance comparison of different optimization algorithms

指标	PSO	GA	DE	GWO	最优算法
网络损耗/kW	997	1085	1023	1055	PSO
最大THD/%	3.0	3.8	3.2	3.5	PSO
总成本/万元	22.54	24.17	23.41	23.89	PSO
平均迭代次数	250	400	300	350	PSO
单次耗时/s	45.2	72.1	58.6	63.4	PSO
重复实验方差	0.12	0.36	0.25	0.31	PSO

表 5 设备配置方案差异

Table 5 Differences in equipment configuration schemes

算法	电容器容量/(kV·A)	APF位置与规格	谐波抑制策略缺陷
PSO	750（节点7）	节点7: 3.5%	无
GA	1000（节点7）	节点7: 4%，节点13: 8%	APF过配置导致成本上升
DE	750（节点7）	节点7: 3.8%	电流谐波相位优化不足
GWO	1000（节点7）	节点7: 4.2%	局部最优导致损耗偏高

图 8 不同算法下的谐波抑制效果对比

Fig.8 Comparison of harmonic suppression effects under different algorithms

图 9 算法收敛曲线对比

Fig.9 Comparison of algorithm convergence curves

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基于PSO的配电网谐波抑制与降损增效协同优化

Synergistic Optimization of Harmonic Suppression and Loss Reduction in Distribution Networks Based on PSO

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