基于电流积分量相关性的直流配电线路单极高阻接地保护

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202408060

中国电力 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (8): 12-22, 30.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202408060

• 交直流配电系统灵活资源规划运行及动态控制 • 上一篇下一篇

基于电流积分量相关性的直流配电线路单极高阻接地保护

吉兴全¹(), 毛会总¹(), 叶平峰²(), 刘志强³, 张祥星¹, 黄心月¹, 倪亚超⁴

1. 山东科技大学电气与自动化工程学院，山东青岛　266590
2. 衢州学院电气与信息工程学院，浙江衢州　324000
3. 国网山东省电力公司济南供电公司，山东济南　250012
4. 国网山东省电力公司齐河县供电公司，山东德州　251100

收稿日期:2024-08-17 发布日期:2025-08-26 出版日期:2025-08-28
作者简介:
吉兴全（1970），男，博士，教授，博士生导师，从事配电网优化研究，E-mail：xqji@sdust.edu.cn
毛会总（2001），男，硕士研究生，从事电力系统优化调度研究，E-mail：maohuizongskd@sdust.edu.cn
叶平峰（1988），男，通信作者，博士，讲师，硕士生导师，从事电力系统优化调度和电压稳定分析研究，E-mail：ypfinput@163.com
基金资助:
山东省自然科学基金面上资助项目（ZR2022ME219）；中国博士后面上资助项目（2023M734092）。

Single-Pole High-Resistance Grounding Protection for DC Distribution Lines Based on Current Integral Quantity Correlation

JI Xingquan¹(), MAO Huizong¹(), YE Pingfeng²(), LIU Zhiqiang³, ZHANG Xiangxing¹, HUANG Xinyue¹, NI Yachao⁴

1. College of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China
2. College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Quzhou University, Quzhou 324000, China
3. State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Jinan Power Supply Company, Jinan 250012, China
4. State Grid Shandong Electric Power Company Qihe County Power Supply Company, Dezhou 251100, China

Received:2024-08-17 Online:2025-08-26 Published:2025-08-28
Supported by:
This work is supported by Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (No.ZR2022ME219), China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2023M734092).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

直流配电系统发生经高阻单极接地时，系统暂态电流幅值较小，故障信息微弱，现有保护方法难以对直流系统进行有效的保护，对此，提出了一种基于电流积分量相关性的直流配电线路单极接地保护方法。针对高阻接地故障暂态电流特性，得到区内外故障电流极性差异特征；计算电流积分量序列，以突出电流整体变化态势；采用Pearson相关性分析获取首尾电流关联程度，并以关联程度为依据构造故障判据，实现对直流配电线路单极接地故障的保护。基于PSCAD/EMTDC仿真平台进行仿真验证，结果表明，所提方法能够在较微弱的故障特征下进行准确的故障保护，具有较高的保护灵敏性和可靠性。

关键词: 电流变异特性, 直流配电系统, 分布电容, 电流差动保护

Abstract:

When a single-pole high-resistance grounding fault occurs in a DC distribution system, the transient current amplitude is small and the fault characteristics are weak, making it hard for the existing protection methods to provide reliable protection for the DC system. Therefore, a single-pole grounding protection method is proposed for the DC distribution lines based on current integral quantity correlation. According to the transient current characteristics of the high-resistance grounding faults, distinct polarity difference features of fault currents are identified between internal and external faults. The current integral sequence is calculated to highlight the overall change situation of the current. Pearson correlation analysis is employed to quantify the current correlation degree between the line terminals. Based on the correlation level, a fault detection criterion is constructed to achieve protection against single-pole grounding faults in DC distribution lines. Based on PSCAD/EMTDC simulation platform, the simulation results show that the proposed method can provide accurate fault protection under relatively weak fault features, with high protection sensitivity and reliability.

Key words: current variation characteristics, DC distribution network, distributed capacitance, current differential protection

吉兴全, 毛会总, 叶平峰, 刘志强, 张祥星, 黄心月, 倪亚超. 基于电流积分量相关性的直流配电线路单极高阻接地保护[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(8): 12-22, 30.

JI Xingquan, MAO Huizong, YE Pingfeng, LIU Zhiqiang, ZHANG Xiangxing, HUANG Xinyue, NI Yachao. Single-Pole High-Resistance Grounding Protection for DC Distribution Lines Based on Current Integral Quantity Correlation[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(8): 12-22, 30.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202408060

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2025/V58/I8/12

图/表 22

图 1 双端柔性直流配电系统拓扑

Fig.1 Topology of two-terminal flexible DC distribution network

图 2 线路分布电容电流回路

Fig.2 Current loop of capacitors distributed along the lines

图 3 线路分布电容放电等效电路

Fig.3 Equivalent discharge circuit for capacitors distributed along the lines

图 4 正常状态电流方向

Fig.4 Current direction under normal condition

图 5 区内单极接地电流方向

Fig.5 Current direction during internal single-pole grounding faults

图 6 区外单极接地时电流方向

Fig.6 Current direction during external single-pole grounding faults

图 7 保护流程

Fig.7 Protection processes

表 1 直流配电系统参数

Table 1 DC distribution system parameters

设备	参数	数值
MMC换流器	电压变比	AC 10 kV/DC±10 kV
	容量/(MV·A)	10
	子模块数量	50
	子模块电容/mF	10
	桥臂电感/mH	5
直流电缆	L1长度/km	2
	电阻/(Ω·km^–1)	0.0111
	电感/(H·km^–1)	0.0033
	电容(μF·km^–1)	1.372
光伏	工作模式	最大功率点跟踪
	光照强度/(W·m^–2)	1000
	功率/MW	0.5
储能	功率/MW	1
风电	功率/MW	0.5
直流负荷	功率/MW	1

图 8 区内故障正负极两侧电流积分量

Fig.8 Current integral quantities of positive and negative poles during internal faults

图 9 区内故障正负极相关性系数

Fig.9 Positive-negative pole correlation coefficient during internal faults

图 10 区外故障正负极两侧电流积分量

Fig.10 Current integral quantities of positive and negative poles during external faults

图 11 区外故障正负极相关性系数

Fig.11 Positive-negative pole correlation coefficient during external faults

图 12 电流突变量方法正负极相关性系数

Fig.12 Positive-negative pole correlation coefficient in current sudden change method

表 2 电流积分量方法故障保护情况

Table 2 Fault protection in current integral quantity method

故障位置	过渡电阻/Ω	正极相关性系数	负极相关性系数	保护情况
区内	20	–0.9133	0.9779	动作
	70	–0.9863	0.9969	动作
	200	–0.9982	0.9996	动作
	500	–0.9374	0.9999	动作
	750	–0.8956	0.9998	动作
区外	30	0.9965	0.9887	不动作
	70	0.9992	0.9749	不动作
	200	0.9993	0.9776	不动作
	500	0.9997	0.9996	不动作
	750	0.9985	0.9989	不动作

表 3 电流突变量方法故障保护情况

Table 3 Fault protection in current sudden change method

故障位置	过渡电阻/Ω	正极相关性系数	负极相关性系数	保护情况
区内	20	–0.5976	0.3010	动作
	70	–0.5243	0.6461	动作
	200	–0.3987	0.6420	不动作
	500	0.8963	0.9152	不动作
	750	0.9489	0.9345	不动作
区外	30	0.7897	0.2115	不动作
	70	0.8458	0.6476	不动作
	200	0.8909	0.6248	不动作
	500	0.9876	0.9896	不动作
	750	0.9328	0.9420	不动作

图 13 含10 dB噪声的区内故障正负极两侧电流积分量

Fig.13 Current integral quantities at both positive and negative poles during internal faults with 10 dB noise

图 14 含10 dB噪声的电流突变量方法正负极相关性系数

Fig.14 Positive-negative pole correlation coefficient in current sudden change method with 10 dB noise

图 15 含10 dB噪声的区内故障正负极相关性系数含

Fig.15 Positive-negative pole correlation coefficient during internal faults with 10 dB noise

表 4 含10 dB噪声故障保护情况

Table 4 Fault protection with 10 dB noise

故障位置	过渡电阻/Ω	正极相关性系数	负极相关性系数	动作情况
区内	30	–0.9044	0.9790	动作
	70	–0.9947	0.9912	动作
	200	–0.9948	0.9968	动作
	450	–0.9180	0.9988	动作
	500	–0.9660	0.9982	动作
区外	30	0.9944	0.9776	不动作
	70	0.9970	0.9001	不动作
	200	0.9856	0.9776	不动作
	450	0.9985	0.9776	不动作
	500	0.9947	0.9953	不动作

图 16 不同故障下正负极电压

Fig.16 Positive and negative voltages under different faults

图 17 交流侧单相接地正负极两侧电流积分量

Fig.17 Current integral quantities at both positive and negative poles on the AC side during single-phase grounding faults

图 18 交流侧单相接地正负极相关性系数

Fig.18 Positive-negative pole correlation coefficient on the AC side during single-phase grounding faults

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基于电流积分量相关性的直流配电线路单极高阻接地保护

Single-Pole High-Resistance Grounding Protection for DC Distribution Lines Based on Current Integral Quantity Correlation

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