参数不对称配电网高阻接地故障感知与辨识方法

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202406070

中国电力 ›› 2025, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (2): 22-32.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202406070

• 新型电力系统继电保护关键技术 • 上一篇下一篇

参数不对称配电网高阻接地故障感知与辨识方法

杨鹏辉¹(), 钱国超², 白浩³(), 刘红文², 杨万先¹, 石晓⁴

1. 云南电网普洱供电局，云南普洱　665099
2. 云南电网电力科学研究院，云南昆明　650214
3. 南方电网科学研究院有限责任公司，广东广州　510663
4. 云南电网大理供电局，云南大理　671014

收稿日期:2024-06-20 出版日期:2025-02-28 发布日期:2025-02-25
作者简介:杨鹏辉（1990—），男，学士，工程师，从事电力系统继电保护与控制技术研究，E-mail1275920356@qq.com
白浩（1987—），男，通信作者，博士，从事智能配电网规划与运行技术研究，E-mail：baihao@csg.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（新型配电系统数字孪生基础理论与方法研究，U22B2096）；南方电网重大科技项目（有源配电网复杂故障全息特征智能自适应分类识别与故障诊断技术研究，056200KK52222166）。

High Resistance Grounding Fault Perception and Identification Method in Asymmetric Distribution Network

Penghui YANG¹(), Guochao QIAN², Hao BAI³(), Hongwen LIU², Wanxian YANG¹, Xiao SHI⁴

1. Puer Power Supply Bureau of Yunnan Power Grid, Puer 665099, China
2. Electric Power Research Institute of Yunnan Power Grid, Kunming 650214, China
3. Electric Power Research Institute, China Southern Power Grid, Guangzhou 510663, China
4. Dali Power Supply Bureau of Yunnan Power Grid, Dali 671014, China

Received:2024-06-20 Online:2025-02-28 Published:2025-02-25
Supported by:
This work is supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Research on the Fundamental Theory and Method of Digital Twin of New Power Distribution System, No.U22B2096), Science and Technology Project of the China Southern Power Grid (Research on Holographic Feature Intelligent Adaptive Classification Recognition and Fault Diagnosis for Complex Faults in Active Distribution Network, No.056200KK52222166)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对配电网高阻接地故障时故障感知与辨识存在的难题，提出了基于阻尼率变化量的参数不对称配电网高阻接地故障感知方法，通过有源逆变装置主动短时调控零序电压，根据故障前后系统阻尼率变化量大小判断故障是否发生。在实现高阻接地故障灵敏感知的基础上，进一步提出了基于系统零序等值导纳相角变化特征的故障类型辨识方法，主动改变零序电压幅值调控系数，依据不同接地方式下的导纳相角变化轨迹，实现瞬时性和永久性接地故障类型的准确辨识。仿真分析表明：所提方法适用于三相参数不对称配电网，在不同运行方式下均能实现低、高阻接地故障的感知与辨识，抗过渡电阻能力强，具有较强的适用性。

关键词: 高阻接地故障, 零序电压, 故障感知, 故障辨识

Abstract:

Aiming at the problems of fault perception and identification in high resistance grounding fault of distribution network, a high resistance grounding fault perception method for parameter-asymmetric distribution network based on damping rate variation is proposed. In this method, the zero-sequence voltage is actively regulated by the active inverter device for a short time, and the fault is judged according to the variation of the system damping rate before and after fault. On the basis of realizing the sensitive perception of high resistance grounding fault, a fault type identification method based on the change characteristics of zero-sequence equivalent admittance phase angle of the system is further proposed. This identification method actively changes the zero-sequence voltage amplitude regulation coefficient, and accurately identifies the transient and permanent grounding fault types according to the change trajectory of admittance phase angle under different grounding modes. The simulation analysis shows that the proposed method can be applied to the three-phase parameter asymmetric distribution network. The proposed method can realize fault perception and identification in low and high resistance grounding faults under different operation modes, and has strong resistance to transition resistance and strong applicability.

Key words: high resistance grounding fault, zero-sequence voltage, fault perception, fault identification

杨鹏辉, 钱国超, 白浩, 刘红文, 杨万先, 石晓. 参数不对称配电网高阻接地故障感知与辨识方法[J]. 中国电力, 2025, 58(2): 22-32.

Penghui YANG, Guochao QIAN, Hao BAI, Hongwen LIU, Wanxian YANG, Xiao SHI. High Resistance Grounding Fault Perception and Identification Method in Asymmetric Distribution Network[J]. Electric Power, 2025, 58(2): 22-32.

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图/表 14

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系统对地电导${G_\Sigma }$/S		系统对地电容${C_\Sigma }$/μF		不对称度$\rho $/%		消弧线圈电感$L$/H
2.5×10^–4		30		1		0.322

系统对地电导${G_\Sigma }$/S		系统对地电容${C_\Sigma }$/μF		不对称度$\rho $/%		消弧线圈电感$L$/H
2.5×10^–4		30		1		0.322

系统仿真参数		数值
相对地泄露电阻/kΩ	R_A	314.136
	R_B	325.262
	R_C	309.858
相对地电容/μF	C_A	0.51
	C_B	0.40
	C_C	0.61
消弧线圈电感/H	L	6.060

系统仿真参数		数值
相对地泄露电阻/kΩ	R_A	314.136
	R_B	325.262
	R_C	309.858
相对地电容/μF	C_A	0.51
	C_B	0.40
	C_C	0.61
消弧线圈电感/H	L	6.060

${R_{\text{f}}}$/Ω	${\dot U_{01}}$/V	${\dot U_{02}}$/V	${\dot I_{{\text{in}}}}$/A
∞	38.93∠147.70°	866.03∠0°	0.43∠87.53°
10	5773.05∠–150.27°	866.03∠0°	653.34∠26.24°
100	5763.09∠–152.72°	866.03∠0°	65.58∠26.53°
1000	5184.43∠–175.23°	866.03∠0°	6.75∠29.40°
5000	2245.59∠–144.11°	866.03∠0°	1.56∠40.17°
16000	781.10∠–129.87°	866.03∠0°	0.72∠57.70°

参数不对称配电网高阻接地故障感知与辨识方法

High Resistance Grounding Fault Perception and Identification Method in Asymmetric Distribution Network

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Metrics

过渡电阻R_f/Ω	$G_\Sigma $/S			${C_\Sigma } $/μF			d	Δd
过渡电阻R_f/Ω	实际	仿真	误差/ %	实际	仿真	误差/ %	d	Δd
∞	9.49×10^–6	9.57×10^–6	0.84	1.520	1.525	0.33	0.02	0.00
10	1.00×10^–1	9.99×10^–2	0.10	1.520	1.526	0.39	208.38	208.36
100	1.00×10^–2	1.00×10^–2	0.00	1.520	1.533	0.86	20.76	20.74
1000	1.01×10^–3	1.01×10^–3	0.00	1.520	1.518	0.13	2.12	2.10
5000	2.09×10^–4	2.09×10^–4	0.00	1.520	1.519	0.07	0.44	0.42
16000	7.20×10^–5	7.17×10^–5	0.42	1.520	1.506	0.92	0.15	0.13

过渡电阻${R_{\text{f}}}$/Ω	${G_\Sigma }$/S			${C_\Sigma }$/μF			d	Δd
过渡电阻${R_{\text{f}}}$/Ω	实际	仿真	误差/ %	实际	仿真	误差/ %	d	Δd
∞	9.49×10^–6	9.57×10^–6	0.84	1.520	1.525	0.33	0.02	0.00
10	1.00×10^–1	9.99×10^–2	0.10	1.520	1.526	0.39	208.38	208.36
100	1.00×10^–2	1.00×10^–2	0.00	1.520	1.533	0.86	20.76	20.74
1000	1.01×10^–3	1.01×10^–3	0.00	1.520	1.518	0.13	2.12	2.10
5000	2.09×10^–4	2.09×10^–4	0.00	1.520	1.519	0.07	0.44	0.42
16000	7.20×10^–5	7.17×10^–5	0.42	1.520	1.506	0.92	0.15	0.13

调控系数	系统零序等值导纳/S
调控系数	10 Ω	100 Ω	500 Ω	5000 Ω	16 kΩ	瞬时性故障
1.00	0.477∠88.63°	0.477∠88.62°	0.478∠88.62°	0.477∠88.61°	0.477∠88.61°	0.477∠88.74°
0.95	5.270∠174.8°	0.702∠137.15°	0.484∠101.09°	0.477∠89.87°	0.477∠89.31°	0.477∠88.74°
0.90	11.090∠177.53°	1.190∠156.52°	0.521∠116.53°	0.477∠91.27°	0.477∠90.05°	0.477∠88.73°
0.85	17.610∠178.44°	1.820∠164.76°	0.586∠125.55°	0.477∠92.82°	0.477∠90.93°	0.476∠88.73°
0.80	24.950∠178.9°	2.533∠169.13°	0.682∠135.63°	0.477∠94.56°	0.477∠91.78°	0.477∠88.73°

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[2]	郄朝辉, 崔晓丹, 李威, 刘福锁. 一种支撑电网故障感知与分析的全景录波平台[J]. 中国电力, 2018, 51(12): 88-94.
[3]	苗晓鹏, 文振江, 李晓波, 赵国栋. 基于零序电压定相比幅的消弧线圈调谐新方法[J]. 中国电力, 2014, 47(3): 116-119.

调控系数	系统零序等值导纳/S
调控系数	10 Ω	100 Ω	500 Ω	5000 Ω	16 kΩ	瞬时性故障
1.00	0.026∠–66.81°	0.026∠–66.79°	0.026∠–66.80°	0.026∠–66.80°	0.026∠–66.80°	0.026∠–66.81°
0.95	5.240∠–178.73°	0.516∠–177.23°	0.097∠–165.51°	0.024∠–89.97°	0.025∠–74.36°	0.026∠–66.80°
0.90	11.080∠–179.07°	1.100∠–178.7°	0.212∠–173.42°	0.030∠–101.7°	0.025∠–81.48°	0.026∠–66.77°
0.85	18.110∠–179.54°	1.750∠–179.2°	0.327∠–175.01°	0.037∠–126.5°	0.024∠–90.72°	0.027∠–66.75°
0.80	24.940∠–179.94°	2.480∠–179.53°	0.489∠–177.13°	0.045∠–148.3°	0.025∠–101.2°	0.027∠–66.70°

调控系数	系统零序等值导纳/S
调控系数	10 Ω	100 Ω	500 Ω	5000 Ω	16 kΩ	瞬时性故障
1.00	0.026∠–66.81°	0.026∠–66.79°	0.026∠–66.80°	0.026∠–66.80°	0.026∠–66.80°	0.026∠–66.81°
0.95	5.240∠–178.73°	0.516∠–177.23°	0.097∠–165.51°	0.024∠–89.97°	0.025∠–74.36°	0.026∠–66.80°
0.90	11.080∠–179.07°	1.100∠–178.7°	0.212∠–173.42°	0.030∠–101.7°	0.025∠–81.48°	0.026∠–66.77°
0.85	18.110∠–179.54°	1.750∠–179.2°	0.327∠–175.01°	0.037∠–126.5°	0.024∠–90.72°	0.027∠–66.75°
0.80	24.940∠–179.94°	2.480∠–179.53°	0.489∠–177.13°	0.045∠–148.3°	0.025∠–101.2°	0.027∠–66.70°

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参数不对称配电网高阻接地故障感知与辨识方法

High Resistance Grounding Fault Perception and Identification Method in Asymmetric Distribution Network

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