基于VMD的SOFC电堆密封失效泄漏故障诊断

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202307033

中国电力 ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (12): 139-147.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202307033

基于VMD的SOFC电堆密封失效泄漏故障诊断

武鑫¹(), 胡超¹, 王祺¹, 熊星宇¹(), 胡亮², 钱相臣³

1. 华北电力大学能源动力与机械工程学院，北京　102206
2. 中国矿业大学（北京）机械与电气工程学院，北京　100083
3. 华北电力大学控制与计算机工程学院，北京　102206

收稿日期:2023-07-10 出版日期:2024-12-28 发布日期:2024-12-27
作者简介:武鑫（1980—），男，博士，副教授，从事储能系统和发电系统建模、控制等研究，E-mail：wuxin@ncepu.edu.cn
熊星宇（1985—），男，通信作者，博士，副教授，从事高温固体氧化物燃料电池堆设计与制氢系统集成技术等研究，E-mail：xiongxingyu1@hotmail.com
基金资助:
中央高校基本科研业务费项目（2019MS018）, 国网宁夏电力有限公司科技项目（SGNXDK00WLJS2200088）。

VMD Based Fault Diagnosis Method for SOFC Stack Seal Failure and Leakage

Xin WU¹(), Chao HU¹, Qi WANG¹, Xingyu XIONG¹(), Liang HU², Xiangchen QIAN³

1. School of Energy Power and Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
2. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
3. School of Control and Computer Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China

Received:2023-07-10 Online:2024-12-28 Published:2024-12-27
Supported by:
This work is supported by Central University Basic Research Business Fee Project (No.2019MS018), State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co., Ltd. Technology Project (No.SGNXDK00WLJS2200088).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

固体氧化物燃料电池（solid oxide fuel cell，SOFC）在高温下长时间工作时，由于反复启停循环以及长时间运行后电堆容易发生密封失效，会导致泄漏故障发生，进而引发电堆的热失控和损坏，严重影响系统运行稳定性。针对此故障，根据实验获得的电堆温度及电压信号，提出了一种基于变分模态分解（variational mode decomposition，VMD）和希尔伯特变换（Hilbert transform，HT）的诊断方法。采用该方法，通过实验研究了SOFC电堆密封失效泄漏故障，研究结果表明：利用基于VMD和HT方法的电堆泄漏故障诊断方法，可以判断在电堆开路状态是否存在泄漏问题；通过采集电堆的温度和电压信号，可以发现温度信号能够更快地反映电堆的泄漏故障；通过对比基于集合经验模态分解方法和VMD方法的电堆泄漏故障诊断方法，发现后者能够提前100 s检测电堆的泄漏故障。

关键词: SOFC, 电堆泄漏故障, 温度信号, 电压信号, VMD方法

Abstract:

When the solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) operates for a long time at high temperature, due to the repeated start-stop cycle and long-term operation, the reactor is prone to seal failure, which will lead to leakage failure, and then lead to thermal runaway and damage of the reactor, which seriously affects the stability of the system operation. The change of parameters may lead to the occurrence of leakage faults and consequently thermal runaway of the stack or even abnormal system shutdown. Aiming at this fault, a diagnostic method based on the variational mode decomposition (VMD) and Hilbert transform (HT) is proposed through the experiment temperature and voltage signals. This method was applied to experimentally investigate the sealing failure leakage fault in SOFC stacks. The research results demonstrate that utilizing the fault diagnosis method based on VMD and HT can determine the presence of leakage in the stack under open-circuit conditions. By collecting the temperature and voltage signals of the stack and applying this fault diagnosis method, the temperature signal can more rapidly indicate the presence of a leakage fault in the stack. When comparing the diagnosis methods based on Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition and VMD, it was found that the latter can detect the leakage fault in the stack 100 seconds faster.

Key words: SOFC, stack leakage fault, temperature signal, voltage signal, VMD method

武鑫, 胡超, 王祺, 熊星宇, 胡亮, 钱相臣. 基于VMD的SOFC电堆密封失效泄漏故障诊断[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(12): 139-147.

Xin WU, Chao HU, Qi WANG, Xingyu XIONG, Liang HU, Xiangchen QIAN. VMD Based Fault Diagnosis Method for SOFC Stack Seal Failure and Leakage[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(12): 139-147.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202307033

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I12/139

图/表 14

图 1 电堆泄漏故障诊断方法流程

Fig.1 Flow chart of stack leakage fault diagnosis method

图 2 千瓦级SOFC电堆

Fig.2 Kilowatt scale SOFC stack

图 3 实验台结构

Fig.3 Structure of experimental platform

图 4 热电偶阵列排布位置

Fig.4 Thermocouple array placement diagram

图 5 空气出口侧各热电偶的温度数据

Fig.5 Temperature data for each thermocouple at the air outlet

图 6 温度信号的IMF分量

Fig.6 The IMF component of the temperature signal

图 7 温度信号的IMF1分量瞬时幅值

Fig.7 Instantaneous amplitude of IMF1 component of temperature signal

图 8 IMF1瞬时幅值的时域特征峭度对比

Fig.8 Comparison of time domain kurtosis IMF1 instantaneous amplitudes

图 9 温度与同时期的电压信号

Fig.9 Temperature and voltage signal of the same period

图 10 基于EEMD方法的温度与电压时域特征峭度对比

Fig.10 Time domain characteristic kurtosis of temperature versus voltage based on EEMD method

图 11 温度信号的IMF分量

Fig.11 The IMF component of the temperature signal

图 12 温度信号的IMF5分量瞬时幅值

Fig.12 Instantaneous amplitude of IMF5 component of temperature signal

图 13 IMF5瞬时幅值的时域特征峭度对比

Fig.13 Comparison of time domain kurtosis of IMF5 instantaneous amplitudes

图 14 基于VMD方法的温度与电压时域特征峭度对比

Fig.14 Time domain characteristic kurtosis of temperature versus voltage based on VMD method

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基于VMD的SOFC电堆密封失效泄漏故障诊断

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