基于模糊多判据融合的单端暂态量保护新方案

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202306105

中国电力 ›› 2024, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (3): 60-72.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202306105

基于模糊多判据融合的单端暂态量保护新方案

罗美玲¹(), 李紫肖²(), 郑涛²(), 于晓军¹, 吴建云¹, 谢海滨¹

1. 国网宁夏电力有限公司，宁夏银川　750001
2. 新能源电力系统国家重点实验室（华北电力大学），北京　102206

收稿日期:2023-06-27 接受日期:2023-09-27 出版日期:2024-03-28 发布日期:2024-03-26
作者简介:罗美玲（1982—），女，高级工程师（教授级），从事电网继电保护研究，E-mail：693400664@qq.com
李紫肖（1998—），女，硕士研究生，从事电力系统继电保护研究，E-mail：ysulzx@163.com
郑涛（1975—），男，通信作者，博士，教授，从事电力系统继电保护等研究，E-mail：zhengtao_sf@126.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金联合基金资助项目（U2166205）；国网宁夏电力有限公司科技项目（SGNX0000DKJS2200158）。

Single Terminal Transient Protection Scheme Based on Fuzzy Multi-criteria Fusion

Meiling LUO¹(), Zixiao LI²(), Tao ZHENG²(), Xiaojun YU¹, Jianyun WU¹, Haibin XIE¹

1. State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750001, China
2. State Key Laboratory for Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources (North China Electric Power University), Beijing 102206, China

Received:2023-06-27 Accepted:2023-09-27 Online:2024-03-28 Published:2024-03-26
Supported by:
This work is supported by the Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.U2166205), Science and Technology Project of State Grid Ningxia Electric Power Co., Ltd. (No.SGNX0000DKJS2200158).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对现有单端暂态量保护方案仅依赖单一故障特征进行故障识别导致可靠性不高的问题，提出了一种基于模糊多判据融合的单端暂态量保护新方案，实现不同单端暂态量保护方案间的优势互补。首先，分析了现有基于高低频暂态能量比值、故障初始零模/线模电压行波到达时间差以及前两个线模电压行波极性关系3种单端暂态量保护方案保护判据的特性及其动作灵敏区，在此基础上构造了相应判据的模糊隶属度函数；其次，针对不同暂态量保护方案的优缺点，基于模糊逻辑将上述3种单端暂态量保护方案进行有机融合以判别故障区段；最后，基于PSCAD/EMTDC的大量仿真，对比分析了上述3种暂态量保护方案以及所提新方案在不同故障位置、不同母线杂散电容、不同过渡电阻以及不同权重系数等条件下的适应性，验证了新方案的有效性。

关键词: 暂态量保护, 多判据融合, 模糊逻辑, 动作灵敏区, 隶属度函数

Abstract:

The existing single-terminal transient protection schemes rely solely on single fault feature for fault identification, which leads to the poor identification reliability. This paper thus proposes a novel single-terminal transient protection scheme based on fuzzy multi-criteria fusion to achieve the complementation of the advantages of different single-terminal transient protection schemes through fuzzy multi-criteria fusion. Firstly, the characteristics and action sensitive regions of three single-terminal transient protection schemes, which are based on the ratio of high- and low-frequency transient energy, the arrival time difference of fault initial zero-mode/line-mode voltage traveling wave and the polarity relationship of initial line mode voltage traveling wave, are analyzed, and the fuzzy membership functions of corresponding criteria are constructed. Secondly, based on the advantages and disadvantages of different transient protection schemes, the above three single-terminal transient protection schemes are integrated based on fuzzy logic to achieve fault zone discrimination. Finally, based on a large number of simulation using PSCAD/EMTDC, the three transient protection schemes mentioned above and the proposed novel scheme is compared in terms of adaptability under different fault locations, different bus stray capacitance, different transition resistance and different weight coefficients, which has verified the effectiveness of the proposed novel scheme.

Key words: transient based protection, multi-criteria fusion, fuzzy logic, action sensitive region, membership function

罗美玲, 李紫肖, 郑涛, 于晓军, 吴建云, 谢海滨. 基于模糊多判据融合的单端暂态量保护新方案[J]. 中国电力, 2024, 57(3): 60-72.

Meiling LUO, Zixiao LI, Tao ZHENG, Xiaojun YU, Jianyun WU, Haibin XIE. Single Terminal Transient Protection Scheme Based on Fuzzy Multi-criteria Fusion[J]. Electric Power, 2024, 57(3): 60-72.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202306105

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2024/V57/I3/60

图/表 22

图 1 新能源经交流线路送出的拓扑结构

Fig.1 Topological structure of renewable energy sent by AC lines

图 2 母线M处的彼得逊等效电路

Fig.2 Peterson equivalent circuit at bus M

图 3 母线处电压行波折射系数的幅频特性曲线

Fig.3 Amplitude-frequency characteristic curve of voltage traveling wave refractive coefficient at bus

图 4 电压行波到达保护R1处时序

Fig.4 Sequence of voltage traveling wave reaching protection R1

表 1 3种保护方案优缺点对比

Table 1 Comparison of advantages and disadvantages of three protection schemes

保护方案	优点	不足
1	动作可靠	依赖边界元件
2	不依赖边界元件	区内末端故障存在死区
3	能够识别前后50%故障区段	无法识别区内外故障

图 5 高低频能量比值$\lambda $随故障距离x变化示意

Fig.5 Schematic diagram of high and low frequency energy ratio$\lambda $ changing with fault distance x

图 6 梯形隶属度函数${\eta _1}$的示意

Fig.6 Schematic diagram of trapezoid membership function ${\eta _1}$

图 7 初始零模/线模电压行波时间差随x变化示意

Fig.7 Schematic diagram of time difference between initial zero-mode/line-mode voltage traveling wave changing with fault distance x

图 8 梯形隶属度函数${\eta _2}$的示意

Fig.8 Schematic diagram of trapezoid membership function ${\eta _2}$

图 9 保护方案流程

Fig.9 Flow chart of protection scheme

图 10 区内末端故障时各频段下小波系数

Fig.10 Wavelet coefficients in each frequency band in case of internal remote-terminal fault

图 11 区内末端故障时各频段下暂态能量占比

Fig.11 Proportion of transient energy in each frequency band in case of internal remote-remote-terminal fault

图 12 区内末端故障时零模/线模电压行波及其模极大值

Fig.12 Zero-mode/line-mode voltage traveling waves and their modulus maximum in case of internal remote-end fault

图 13 区外故障时各频段下小波系数

Fig.13 Wavelet coefficients in each frequency band in case of external fault

图 14 区外故障时各频段下暂态能量占比

Fig.14 Proportion of transient energy in each frequency band in case of external fault

图 15 区外故障时零模/线模电压行波及其模极大值

Fig.15 Zero-mode/line-mode voltage traveling waves and their modulus maximum in case of external fault

表 2 不同故障位置和母线杂散电容下保护元件的动作结果

Table 2 Action results of protection elements under different fault positions and bus stray capacitance

母线杂散电容/μF	故障位置l_f	故障暂态特征量			隶属度函数值			综合隶属度函数值η	动作结果
母线杂散电容/μF	故障位置l_f	λ	∆t₀₁/ms	η₃	η₁	η₂	$\eta'_2 $	综合隶属度函数值η	方案1	方案2	新方案
0.100	0.2l_MN	0.0287	0.005	1	1	1	1	1	√	√	√
	0.8l_MN	0.0222	0.040	–1	0.910	0.951	1	0.9550	√	√	√
	0.95l_MN	0.0202	0.050	–1	0.810	0.707	1	0.9050	√	×	√
	1.05l_MN	0.0068	0.055	1	0.140	0.585	0	0.0700	×	×	×
	1.2l_MN	0.0042	0.075	1	0.010	0.098	0	0.0050	×	×	×
0.060	0.2l_MN	0.0290	0.005	1	1	1	1	1	√	√	√
	0.8l_MN	0.0219	0.040	–1	0.935	0.951	1	0.9675	√	√	√
	0.95l_MN	0.0199	0.050	–1	0.818	0.707	1	0.9090	√	×	√
	1.05l_MN	0.0114	0.055	1	0.318	0.585	0	0.1590	×	×	×
	1.2l_MN	0.0069	0.075	1	0.053	0.098	0	0.0265	×	×	×
0.006	0.2l_MN	0.0289	0.005	1	1	1	1	1	√	√	√
	0.8l_MN	0.0220	0.040	–1	0.778	0.951	1	0.8890	√	√	√
	0.95l_MN	0.0198	0.050	–1	0.533	0.707	1	0.7665	×	×	√
	1.05l_MN	0.0190	0.055	1	0.444	0.585	0	0.2220	×	×	×
	1.2l_MN	0.0160	0.075	1	0.111	0.098	0	0.0555	×	×	×

表 3 不同故障位置和过渡电阻下保护元件的动作结果

Table 3 Action results of protection elements under different fault positions and transition resistances

故障位置l_f	过渡电阻/Ω	故障暂态特征量			隶属度函数值			综合隶属度函数值η	动作结果
故障位置l_f	过渡电阻/Ω	λ	∆t₀₁/ms	η₃	η₁	η₂	$\eta'_2 $	综合隶属度函数值η	方案1	方案2	新方案
0.05l_MN	20	0.0330	0	1	1	1	1	1	√	√	√
0.05l_MN	100	0.0305	0	1	1	1	1	1	√	√	√
0.2l_MN	20	0.0287	0.005	1	1	1	1	1	√	√	√
0.2l_MN	100	0.0276	0.005	1	1	1	1	1	√	√	√
0.8l_MN	20	0.0222	0.040	–1	0.910	0.951	1	0.9550	√	√	√
0.8l_MN	100	0.0223	0.040	–1	0.915	0.951	1	0.9575	√	√	√
0.95l_MN	20	0.0202	0.050	–1	0.810	0.707	1	0.9050	√	×	√
0.95l_MN	100	0.0213	0.050	–1	0.865	0.707	1	0.9325	√	×	√
1.05l_MN	20	0.0068	0.055	1	0.140	0.585	0	0.0700	×	×	×
1.05l_MN	100	0.0065	0.055	1	0.125	0.585	0	0.0625	×	×	×
1.2l_MN	20	0.0042	0.075	1	0.010	0.098	0	0.0050	×	×	×
1.2l_MN	100	0.0043	0.075	1	0.015	0.098	0	0.0075	×	×	×

表 4 弱边界时不同权重系数下综合隶属度函数值

Table 4 Comprehensive membership function values under different weight coefficients at weak boundaries

权重系数	故障位置	故障暂态特征量			隶属度函数值			综合隶属度函数值η
权重系数	故障位置	λ	∆t₀₁/ms	η₃	η₁	η₂	$\eta'_2 $	综合隶属度函数值η
m=0.8, n=0.2	0.95l_MN	0.0198	0.050	–1	0.533	0.707	1	0.6264
m=0.8, n=0.2	1.05l_MN	0.0190	0.055	1	0.444	0.585	0	0.3552
m=0.5, n=0.5	0.95l_MN	0.0198	0.050	–1	0.533	0.707	1	0.7665
m=0.5, n=0.5	1.05l_MN	0.0190	0.055	1	0.444	0.585	0	0.2220
m=0.3, n=0.7	0.95l_MN	0.0198	0.050	–1	0.533	0.707	1	0.8599
m=0.3, n=0.7	1.05l_MN	0.0190	0.055	1	0.444	0.585	0	0.1332

图 16 各频段下暂态能量占比

Fig.16 Proportion of transient energy in each frequency band

图 17 未引入噪声零模/线模电压行波及其模极大值

Fig.17 Zero-mode/line-mode voltage traveling waves and their modulus maximum without noise

图 18 引入噪声零模/线模电压行波及其模极大值

Fig.18 Zero-mode/line-mode voltage traveling waves and their modulus maximum with noise

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基于模糊多判据融合的单端暂态量保护新方案

Single Terminal Transient Protection Scheme Based on Fuzzy Multi-criteria Fusion

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基于模糊多判据融合的单端暂态量保护新方案

Single Terminal Transient Protection Scheme Based on Fuzzy Multi-criteria Fusion

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

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参考文献 27

相关文章 5

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