基于振动传感的直流合成电场测量结构设计

doi:10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202207008

中国电力 ›› 2023, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (11): 151-159.DOI: 10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202207008

基于振动传感的直流合成电场测量结构设计

张广洲¹^,²(), 方书博¹^,²(), 张振宇³, 冯智慧¹^,², 韩晴¹^,²

1. 国网电力科学研究院有限公司，江苏南京　211106
2. 国网电力科学研究院武汉南瑞有限责任公司，湖北武汉　430074
3. 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院，山西太原　030001

收稿日期:2022-07-11 接受日期:2022-11-27 出版日期:2023-11-28 发布日期:2023-11-28
作者简介:张广洲（1975—），男，博士，高级工程师（教授级），从事电力系统电磁兼容和电磁环境研究，E-mail： emcwhvri@163.com
方书博（1985—），男，高级工程师，从事输电线路电磁环境设备测试及线路运行维护技术研究，E-mail： 530085923@qq.com
基金资助:
国家电网有限公司科技项目（基于振动传感的合成电场测量装置及应用研究，5500-202115370A-0-0-00）。

Design of DC Composite Electric Field Measurement Structure Based on Vibratory Sensor

Guangzhou ZHANG¹^,²(), Shubo FANG¹^,²(), Zhenyu ZHANG³, Zhihui FENG¹^,², Qing HAN¹^,²

1. State Grid Electric Power Research Institute Limited Company, Nanjing 211106, China
2. Wuhan NARI Limited Company, State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China
3. Electric Power Research Institute of Shanxi Electric Power Company of State Grid, Taiyuan 030001, China

Received:2022-07-11 Accepted:2022-11-27 Online:2023-11-28 Published:2023-11-28
Supported by:
This work is supported by Science and Technology Project of SGCC (Research on Measuring Device of Synthetic Electric Field Based on Vibration Sensor and Its Application, No.5500-202115370A-0-0-00).

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

高压直流线路合成电场测量准确性对电磁环境评价具有重要影响，直接关系到相关工程的环保验收。目前最常用的合成场测量设备是旋转场磨式测试仪，其传感器采用快速转动的动片结构和碳刷接触接地的方式，在高速旋转时间歇性接触使得碳刷接地不可靠，离子在动片上积累引起测点附近的电场和离子流分布改变，使得测量结果与实际电场差异较大。为了解决现有接地方式和旋转结构存在的缺陷，在借鉴场磨的测量原理和结构布置的基础上，设计了水平往复运动式的合成场测量防磨损振动传感机构，提出了屏蔽片和感应片的尺寸和布置方式，推导了合成电场与感应电流的正弦关系，绘制了感应信号调制波形，分析了合成场与离子流场幅值、相位关系，通过风速测量条件限值确定了旋转电机运动转速为4 800 r/min、振动频率80 Hz。研究结果表明：水平振动式结构静片接地消除了离子流的积累和畸变影响，微型滚珠导套连接可有效降低机械磨损，传感器具有良好的线性度，满足现场测量要求。

关键词: 场磨, 间歇性接触, 水平往复运动, 振动传感机构, 滚珠导套, 机械磨损

Abstract:

The measurement accuracy of the synthetic electric field of high-voltage DC lines has an important influence on the electromagnetic environment assessment, which is directly related to the environmental protection acceptance of related projects. At present, the most commonly used synthetic field measuring equipment is the rotating field mill tester, whose sensor adopts the structure of rapidly rotating rotor and the mode of carbon brush contacting and grounding. The intermittent contact during high-speed rotation makes the carbon brush grounding unreliable, and the ion accumulation on the rotor leads to the change of electric field and ion current distribution near the measuring point, thus making the measurement results quite different from the actual electric field. In order to solve the inherent defects of the existing grounding mode and rotating structure, based on the measuring principle and structural arrangement of field mill, this paper designs a horizontal reciprocating synthetic field measuring anti-wear vibration sensing mechanism, puts forward the size and arrangement of shielding and induction plates, deduces the sinusoidal relationship between the synthetic electric field and the induced current, draws the modulation waveform of the induced signal, analyzes the amplitude and phase relationship between the synthetic field and the ion flow field, and determines the rotating speed of the rotating motor to be 4 800 r/min and frequency 80 Hz through the limit value of wind speed measurement condition. The results show that the stator plate grounding of the horizontal vibration structure eliminates the accumulation and distortion of ion current; the connection of micro ball guide sleeve can effectively reduce mechanical wear; and the sensor has good linearity, which can meet the requirements of field measurement.

Key words: field mill, intermittent contact, horizontal reciprocating motion, vibration sensing mechanism, ball guide sleeve, mechanical wear

张广洲, 方书博, 张振宇, 冯智慧, 韩晴. 基于振动传感的直流合成电场测量结构设计[J]. 中国电力, 2023, 56(11): 151-159.

Guangzhou ZHANG, Shubo FANG, Zhenyu ZHANG, Zhihui FENG, Qing HAN. Design of DC Composite Electric Field Measurement Structure Based on Vibratory Sensor[J]. Electric Power, 2023, 56(11): 151-159.

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链接本文: https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/10.11930/j.issn.1004-9649.202207008

https://www.electricpower.com.cn/CN/Y2023/V56/I11/151

图/表 19

图 1 旋转式电场传感器（场磨）示意

Fig.1 Schematic diagram of rotary electric field sensor (field mill)

图 2 传感器面积变化和感应信号波形

Fig.2 Sensor area change and induced signal waveform

图 3 振动式传感器结构示意

Fig.3 Structure of vibratory sensor

图 4 振动式电场传感器运动结构

Fig.4 Motion structure of vibratory electric field sensor

图 5 防磨损结构

Fig.5 Anti-wear structure

图 6 电机转动与钢片振动关系示意

Fig.6 Schematic diagram of motion adjustment structure of vibratory electric field sensor

图 7 i0信号波形

Fig.7 Signal waveform of i0

图 8 信号处理电路

Fig.8 Signal processing circuit

图 9 放大后的波形信号

Fig.9 Amplified waveform signal

图 10 极性判断电路

Fig.10 Polarity judgment circuit

图 11 离子流电场和直流静电场关系

Fig.11 Relationship between ion current electric field and DC electrostatic field

表 1 直流合成场测量传感器校准结果

Table 1 Calibration results of DC synthetic field measuring sensor 单位：kV

实际值	测量值	绝对误差	实际值	测量值	绝对误差
15	14.9454	0.0546	–2	–1.9764	–0.0236
10	9.9276	0.0724	–3	–2.9778	–0.0222
5	5.0120	–0.0120	–5	–4.9788	–0.0212
3	2.9306	0.0694	–10	–10.0708	0.0708
2	1.9967	0.0033	–15	–15.0691	0.0691

图 12 振动式传感器的标定

Fig.12 Calibration of vibratory sensor

图 13 外壳电场畸变分析模型

Fig.13 Analysis model of shell electric field distortion

图 14 设备上表面外侧电场分布

Fig.14 Electric field distribution outside the upper surface of the equipment

图 15 装置外壳表面沿对角线的电场分布

Fig.15 The electric field distribution along the diagonal line on the surface of the device shell

表 2 振动式设备与场磨式设备技术指标对比

Table 2 Comparison of technical indexes between vibratory equipment and field mill equipment

设备	质量/ g	尺寸（长×宽×高）/ (mm×mm×mm)	灵敏度/ (V·m^–1)	供电时间/ h	通信距离/ m	功耗/ W	准确性误差/ %	离子流影响
场磨式	1350	105×105×125	100	8	＜100	32.8	≥2	较大
振动式	950	125×90×120	10	11.1 h	≥200	22.2	≤1	可忽略

图 16 ±800 kV祁韶直流线路合成场测量

Fig.16 Synthetic field measurement of ±800 kV Qishao DC transmission line

图 17 场磨式和振动式直流合成场分布

Fig.17 Distribution of DC composite field measured with vibratory equipment and field mill equipment

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基于振动传感的直流合成电场测量结构设计

Design of DC Composite Electric Field Measurement Structure Based on Vibratory Sensor

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基于振动传感的直流合成电场测量结构设计

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