高级检索

基于物理引导状态条件化连续边方向图神经网络的最优潮流求解

Optimal power flow solution using a global topology-aware physical graph neural network with state-conditioned continuous edge directions

  • 摘要: 传统最优潮流方法在大规模电力系统和复杂运行场景下,面临计算开销较大、实时响应能力不足等问题。为此,提出一种物理引导的状态条件化连续边方向消息传递机制的全局拓扑感知图神经网络。该方法根据节点状态与线路阻抗动态生成连续方向角,并通过反对称约束和方向置信度残差门实现对称扩散与非对称传播的自适应调节;进一步将方向门、多跳传播、全局注意力及潮流物理损失统一建模。IEEE-39、118和300节点系统上的实验表明,相较于GAT基线,所提模型L2损失分别由0.042、0.073和0.198降低至0.011、0.015和0.042,并保持毫秒级推理效率,并能够在N-k拓扑变化场景下保持较好的预测稳定性。消融实验和方向可视化结果支持了本模型机制在刻画动态非对称电气耦合和增强消息传播可解释性方面的有效性。结果表明,所提方法在本文测试范围内在保持较低推理开销的同时,兼顾了预测精度、推理效率、拓扑变化适应性和消息传播可解释性。

     

    Abstract: Conventional optimal power flow methods encounter such problems as high computational overhead and insufficient real-T response capability when applied to large-scale power systems under complex operation scenarios. To address this issue, this paper proposes a physically guided globally topology-aware graph neural network based on a state-conditional continuous edge-direction message passing mechanism. In the proposed method, continuous direction angles are dynamically generated based on node states and line impedances, and adaptive regulation of symmetric diffusion and asymmetric propagation is realized via anti-symmetric constraints and direction confidence residual gates. Furthermore, a unified modeling framework is constructed that integrates direction gates, multi-hop propagation, global attention and power flow physical loss. Experiments conducted on the IEEE-39-bus, 118-bus and 300-bus systems demonstrate that compared with the GAT baseline, the proposed model reduces the L2 loss from 0.042, 0.073 and 0.198 to 0.011, 0.015 and 0.042 respectively, while maintaining millisecond-level inference efficiency and sound prediction stability under N-k topology variation scenarios. The results of ablation experiments and direction visualization verify the effectiveness of the proposed model mechanism in characterizing dynamic asymmetric electrical coupling and enhancing the interpretability of message propagation. The experimental results indicate that within the scope of the tests conducted in this paper, the proposed method achieves a balanced trade-off among prediction accuracy, inference efficiency, adaptability to topology variation and interpretability of message propagation while maintaining low inference overhead.

     

/

返回文章
返回